Article(id=1203057881768747039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203057879566737430, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0143, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1622131200000, receivedDateStr=2021-05-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1628524800000, acceptedDateStr=2021-08-10, onlineDate=1764760950748, onlineDateStr=2025-12-03, pubDate=1677513600000, pubDateStr=2023-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764760950748, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764760950748, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764760950748, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1203057879566737430, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2023', volume='48', issue='2', pageStart='123', pageEnd='244', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1764760950222, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764762101198, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1203062707223241334, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203057879566737430, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1203062707223241335, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203057879566737430, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=143, endPage=150, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1203057882024599586, articleId=1203057881768747039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=A nomogram model for evaluating significant histological response in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving entecavir treatment, columnId=1203057881600974876, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=The diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of chronic hepatitis B, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To identify the high-risk factors and establish a nomogram for evaluating significant histological response (SHR) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving entecavir treatment. Methods Treatment-naive CHB patients who were presented to 14 hospitals, from October 2013 to October 2014, were enrolled and treated with entecavir for 72 weeks,prospectively. All the patients who underwent paired biopsies at treatment baseline and week 72 were analyzed. According to whether SHR (Ishak fibrosis score F≤2 points and histology activity index HAI≤4 points) was obtained during treatment, they were assigned to response group (n=160) and non-response group (n=567). High-risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression, and then were incorporated into a nomogram model. The discrimination, calibration and clinical applicability of nomogram were assessed by concordance index (C-index), calibration curve and clinical decision curve (DCA). Results After 72 weeks of treatment, regression of fibrosis, improvement of inflammation, virologic response, alanine aminotransferase (ALT)normalization and HBeAg seroconversion were 51.2%, 74.4%, 86.0%, 83.5% and 13.3%, respectively, however, 49.0% (306/625) of patients with virological response and 43.4% (165/380) of patients with ALT normalization did not achieved regression of fibrosis.Logistic regression analysis showed that baseline age (OR=0.978, 95%CI 0.958-0.998, P=0.030), platelet (PLT) (OR=1.005, 95%CI 1.001-1.010, P=0.030), liver stiffness measurement (LSM) (OR=0.931, 95%CI 0.892-0.972, P=0.001) and 72-week ALT (OR=0.980,95%CI 0.964-0.996, P=0.016), 72-week LSM (OR=0.858, 95%CI 0.782-0.941, P=0.001) were independent high-risk factors associated with SHR. The C-index of the nomogram model based on the above factors was 0.784, which was significantly better than 72-week AST/PLT ratio (APRI) (0.643), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) (0.691) and LSM (0.735) alone, and had well-fitted calibration curves and DCA. Conclusions Incorporating baseline age, PLT, LSM, 72-week ALT and 72-week LSM, the established individualized nomogram model for evaluating significant histological response in CHB patients receiving antiviral therapy has good predictive performance and can reduce the need of liver biopsy.

, correspAuthors=Dong Ji, Yong-Ping Yang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* Ji Dong, E-mail:
Yang Yong-Ping, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Chun-Yan Wang, Dong Ji, Yan Chen, Guang-De Zhou, Zheng Dong, Jian-Jun Wang, Guo-Feng Chen, Yong-Ping Yang), CN=ArticleExt(id=1203057883672961124, articleId=1203057881768747039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=CN, title=慢性乙型肝炎患者经恩替卡韦治疗后获得显著组织学应答的影响因素及列线图模型构建, columnId=1203057881781329952, journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, columnName=慢性乙型肝炎的诊治与预后专题研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 分析慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者抗病毒治疗期间获得显著组织学应答(SHR)的影响因素,并建立列线图模型以评估CHB患者抗病毒治疗期间的SHR情况。方法 选取2013年10月-2014年10月共14家医院收治的CHB初治患者727例,均给予恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗,并在基线及治疗72周后进行肝活检。根据治疗72周后是否获得SHR(Ishak纤维化评分≤2分且组织学活动指数≤4分),分为应答组(n=160)与无应答组(n=567),采用多因素logistic回归分析筛选SHR的影响因素;建立列线图模型,并用C指数、校准曲线及临床决策曲线(DCA)评价列线图的区分度、校准度和临床实用性。结果 治疗72周后,患者的总体纤维化逆转率为51.2%(372/727),炎症改善率为74.4%(541/727),病毒学应答率为86.0%(625/727),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)复常率为83.5%(380/455),HBeAg血清学转换率为13.3%(55/415)。其中获得病毒学应答及ALT复常的患者中分别有49.0%(306/625)、43.4%(165/380)未获得纤维化逆转。Logistic回归分析显示,基线年龄(OR=0.978,95%CI 0.958~0.998,P=0.030)、血小板计数(OR=1.005,95%CI 1.001~1.010,P=0.030)、肝脏硬度值(LSM)(OR=0.931,95%CI 0.892~0.972,P=0.001),以及治疗72周后的ALT(OR=0.980,95%CI 0.964~0.996,P=0.016)、LSM(OR=0.858,95%CI 0.782~0.941,P=0.001)是SHR的影响因素。基于以上因素建立列线图模型,其C指数为0.784,明显优于治疗72周单独使用谷草转氨酶与血小板比值(APRI)(0.643)、肝纤维化4因子指数(FIB-4)(0.691)及LSM(0.735),该模型还具有拟合度高的校正曲线及DCA曲线。结论 基于基线年龄、血小板计数、LSM及治疗72周后ALT、LSM构建的列线图模型具有良好的准确性,可用于个体化评估CHB患者抗病毒治疗期间的SHR率,减少肝活检,值得临床推广。

, correspAuthors=纪冬, 杨永平, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
纪冬,E-mail:
杨永平,E-mail:
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王春艳,医学硕士,主要从事肝纤维化、肝硬化等方面的研究

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王春艳,医学硕士,主要从事肝纤维化、肝硬化等方面的研究

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王春艳,医学硕士,主要从事肝纤维化、肝硬化等方面的研究

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J Clin Hepatol, 2021, 37(7): 1529-1533., articleTitle=Value of a nomogram model in predicting significant liver injury in patients with immune-tolerant phase chronic hepatitis B, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1203057899309327023, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=37, issue=7, pageStart=1529, pageEnd=1533, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[34], rfOrder=46, authorNames=王春艳, 杨武才, 谭文辉, journalName=临床肝胆病杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=[王春艳, 杨武才, 谭文辉, 等. 慢性乙型肝炎免疫耐受期患者显著肝损伤的列线图模型及其预测价值分析[J]. 临床肝胆病杂志, 2021, 37(7): 1529-1533.], articleTitle=慢性乙型肝炎免疫耐受期患者显著肝损伤的列线图模型及其预测价值分析, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1203057899460321971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=61, issue=1, pageStart=292, pageEnd=302, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[35], rfOrder=47, authorNames=Xiao GQ, Yang JY, Yan LN, journalName=Hepatology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xiao GQ, Yang JY, Yan LN. Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and fibrosis-4 index for detecting liver fibrosis in adult patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a systemic review and meta-analysis[J]. Hepatology, 2015, 61(1): 292-302., articleTitle=Comparison of diagnostic accuracy of aspartate aminotransferase to platelet ratio index and fibrosis-4 index for detecting liver fibrosis in adult patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection: a systemic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1203057899544208053, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=20, issue=4, pageStart=e3, pageEnd=e10, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[36], rfOrder=48, authorNames=Wang H, Xue L, Yan R, journalName=J Viral Hepat, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang H, Xue L, Yan R, et al. Comparison of FIB-4 and APRI in Chinese HBV-infected patients with persistently normal ALT and mildly elevated ALT[J]. J Viral Hepat, 2013, 20(4): e3-e10., articleTitle=Comparison of FIB-4 and APRI in Chinese HBV-infected patients with persistently normal ALT and mildly elevated ALT, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1203057899661648568, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=10, issue=5, pageStart=1, pageEnd=12, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[37], rfOrder=49, authorNames=Chen Y, Wang YJ, Chen YP, journalName=Clin Transl Gastroenterol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Chen Y, Wang YJ, Chen YP, et al. A novel noninvasive program for staging liver fibrosis in untreated patients with chronic hepatitis B[J]. 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J Hepatol, 2015, 63(3): 743-752., articleTitle=Expanding consensus in portal hypertension: Report of the Baveno VI Consensus Workshop: Stratifying risk and individualizing care for portal hypertension, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1203057891499532797, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, awardId=2018ZX10725506, language=EN, fundingSource=National Major Science and Technology Special Project of China(2018ZX10725506), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1203057891591807492, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, awardId=2018ZX10725506, language=CN, fundingSource=国家“十三五”科技重大专项(2018ZX10725506), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1203057891675693575, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, awardId=2019MBD-024, language=EN, fundingSource=Medical Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Development Fund of Chinese PLA General Hospital(2019MBD-024), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1203057891797328399, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, awardId=2019MBD-024, language=CN, fundingSource=解放军总医院医疗大数据与人工智能研发项目(2019MBD-024), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1203057884025282679, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203057884033671288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, companyId=1203057884025282679, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203057884042059897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, companyId=1203057884025282679, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1解放军总医院第五医学中心肝病医学部,北京 100039)]), AuthorCompany(id=1203057884146917501, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203057884167889025, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, companyId=1203057884146917501, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100039, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203057884180471938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, companyId=1203057884146917501, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2北京大学302临床医学院,北京 100039)]), AuthorCompany(id=1203057884285329546, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203057884293718156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, companyId=1203057884285329546, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203057884302106765, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, companyId=1203057884285329546, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3南方医科大学第二临床医学院,广东广州 510515)]), AuthorCompany(id=1203057884415352981, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203057884440518806, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, companyId=1203057884415352981, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of Pathology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1203057884469878935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, companyId=1203057884415352981, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院病理科,北京 100069)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1203057889213637052, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=EN, label=Fig. 1, caption=

Reversal ratio of liver fibrosis in patients with virologic response (A) and ALT normalization (B)

, figureFileSmall=iKayR0Vvf3t4LTpLi/THHw==, figureFileBig=/8uwEHyss+7OivQH0LZi4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057890425790914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=CN, label=图1, caption=病毒学应答(A)与谷丙转氨酶复常(B)患者的肝组织纤维化逆转比例, figureFileSmall=iKayR0Vvf3t4LTpLi/THHw==, figureFileBig=/8uwEHyss+7OivQH0LZi4A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057890635506123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=A nomogram (A), calibration curve (B) and DCA curve (C) of CHB patients getting significant histological response after 72 weeks of antiviral treatment, figureFileSmall=yU7lu6WsLpntRKu1YWlrQw==, figureFileBig=JwoimDOMKIEue97vqOUnYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057890744558033, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=CN, label=图2, caption=慢性乙型肝炎患者抗病毒治疗72周后获得显著组织学应答的列线图(A)、校正曲线(B)及DCA曲线(C)

APRI. 谷草转氨酶与血小板比值;FIB-4. 肝纤维化4因子指数;LSM. 肝脏硬度值;ALT. 谷丙转氨酶

, figureFileSmall=yU7lu6WsLpntRKu1YWlrQw==, figureFileBig=JwoimDOMKIEue97vqOUnYg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203057890874581462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Comparison of the general data between two groups of CHB patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标全部(n=727)无应答组(n=567)应答组(n=160)t/Z/χ2P
年龄(岁,$\bar{x}±s$)42.2±9.843.1±9.339.2±11.14.466<0.001
男性[例(%)]497(68.4)398(70.2)99(61.9)3.9930.046
体重指数(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$)23.5±3.423.6±3.522.9±3.32.2680.024
HBV DNA量(log10 IU/ml, $\bar{x}±s$)6.1±1.66.0±1.66.5±1.8–2.9640.003
ALT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]51(32, 97)53(32, 95)49(28, 104)–0.0030.998
AST[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]43(29, 74)44(30, 74)38(29, 71)–1.9410.052
TBIL[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)]14.0(10.8, 18.6)14.0(11.0, 19.0)13.3(9.0, 17.2)–2.7510.006
PLT[×109/L, M(Q1, Q3)]157(119, 198)149(113, 189)188(152, 222)–7.529<0.001
LSM[kPa, M(Q1, Q3)]9.7(6.8, 16.1)11.4(7.6, 17.6)6.9(5.6, 9.4)–8.964<0.001
HBeAg阳性[例(%)]415(57.1)317(55.9)98(61.3)1.4530.228
ALT升高[例(%)]455(62.6)352(62.1)103(64.4)0.2800.596
Ishak炎症活动指数[例(%)]   14.3660.001
 0~4分129(17.7)88(15.5)41(25.6)
 5~8分424(58.3)329(58.0)95(59.4)
 9~12分161(22.2)138(24.3)23(14.4)
 13~18分13(1.8)12(2.1)1(0.6)
Ishak纤维化分级[例(%)]   138.135<0.001
 3分188(25.9)96(16.9)92(57.5)
 4分134(18.4)95(16.8)39(24.4)
 5分157(21.6)139(24.5)18(11.2)
 6分248(34.1)237(41.8)11(6.9)
肝硬化[例(%)]405(55.7)376(66.3)29(18.1)117.441<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1203057890975244763, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组CHB初治患者一般资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标全部(n=727)无应答组(n=567)应答组(n=160)t/Z/χ2P
年龄(岁,$\bar{x}±s$)42.2±9.843.1±9.339.2±11.14.466<0.001
男性[例(%)]497(68.4)398(70.2)99(61.9)3.9930.046
体重指数(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$)23.5±3.423.6±3.522.9±3.32.2680.024
HBV DNA量(log10 IU/ml, $\bar{x}±s$)6.1±1.66.0±1.66.5±1.8–2.9640.003
ALT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]51(32, 97)53(32, 95)49(28, 104)–0.0030.998
AST[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]43(29, 74)44(30, 74)38(29, 71)–1.9410.052
TBIL[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)]14.0(10.8, 18.6)14.0(11.0, 19.0)13.3(9.0, 17.2)–2.7510.006
PLT[×109/L, M(Q1, Q3)]157(119, 198)149(113, 189)188(152, 222)–7.529<0.001
LSM[kPa, M(Q1, Q3)]9.7(6.8, 16.1)11.4(7.6, 17.6)6.9(5.6, 9.4)–8.964<0.001
HBeAg阳性[例(%)]415(57.1)317(55.9)98(61.3)1.4530.228
ALT升高[例(%)]455(62.6)352(62.1)103(64.4)0.2800.596
Ishak炎症活动指数[例(%)]   14.3660.001
 0~4分129(17.7)88(15.5)41(25.6)
 5~8分424(58.3)329(58.0)95(59.4)
 9~12分161(22.2)138(24.3)23(14.4)
 13~18分13(1.8)12(2.1)1(0.6)
Ishak纤维化分级[例(%)]   138.135<0.001
 3分188(25.9)96(16.9)92(57.5)
 4分134(18.4)95(16.8)39(24.4)
 5分157(21.6)139(24.5)18(11.2)
 6分248(34.1)237(41.8)11(6.9)
肝硬化[例(%)]405(55.7)376(66.3)29(18.1)117.441<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1203057891096879589, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=EN, label=Tab. 2, caption=

The clinical outcomes in two groups of CHB patients after 72 weeks of treatment

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标全部(n=727)无应答组(n=567)应答组(n=160)Z/χ2P
ALT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]24(17, 33)25(18, 34)20(16, 27)–4.083<0.001
AST[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]25(20, 30)25(21, 31)23(19, 27)–4.453<0.001
TBIL[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)]13.2(10.2, 17.5)13.3(10.5, 17.5)12.3(9.2, 17.0)–2.0180.044
PLT[×109/L, M(Q1, Q3)]176(133, 216)168(126, 206)206(167, 240)–7.034<0.001
LSM[kPa, M(Q1, Q3)]6.1(4.6, 9.3)6.7(4.9, 10.6)4.6(3.8, 5.7)–9.087<0.001
LSM降低≥30%[例(%)]391(53.8)306(54.0)85(53.1)0.0360.850
肝脏炎症改善[例(%)]541(74.4)408(72.0)133(83.1)8.1740.004
纤维化改善[例(%)]372(51.2)212(37.4)160(100.0)195.775<0.001
病毒学应答[例(%)]625(86.0)493(86.9)132(82.5)2.0480.152
*ALT复常[例(%)]380(83.5)286(81.2)94(91.3)5.8020.016
§HBeAg转换[例(%)]55(13.3)38(12.0)17(17.3)1.8700.171
), ArticleFig(id=1203057891235291628, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组CHB初治患者治疗72周后的临床结局比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标全部(n=727)无应答组(n=567)应答组(n=160)Z/χ2P
ALT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]24(17, 33)25(18, 34)20(16, 27)–4.083<0.001
AST[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]25(20, 30)25(21, 31)23(19, 27)–4.453<0.001
TBIL[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)]13.2(10.2, 17.5)13.3(10.5, 17.5)12.3(9.2, 17.0)–2.0180.044
PLT[×109/L, M(Q1, Q3)]176(133, 216)168(126, 206)206(167, 240)–7.034<0.001
LSM[kPa, M(Q1, Q3)]6.1(4.6, 9.3)6.7(4.9, 10.6)4.6(3.8, 5.7)–9.087<0.001
LSM降低≥30%[例(%)]391(53.8)306(54.0)85(53.1)0.0360.850
肝脏炎症改善[例(%)]541(74.4)408(72.0)133(83.1)8.1740.004
纤维化改善[例(%)]372(51.2)212(37.4)160(100.0)195.775<0.001
病毒学应答[例(%)]625(86.0)493(86.9)132(82.5)2.0480.152
*ALT复常[例(%)]380(83.5)286(81.2)94(91.3)5.8020.016
§HBeAg转换[例(%)]55(13.3)38(12.0)17(17.3)1.8700.171
), ArticleFig(id=1203057891310789106, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=EN, label=Tab. 3, caption=

Logistic regression analysis for significantly influencing histological response in CHB patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标单因素logistic分析多因素logistic分析
OR(95%CI)POR(95%CI)P
基线
 年龄0.960(0.942~0.978)<0.0010.978(0.958~0.998)0.030
 男性1.451(1.006~2.093)0.046
 体重指数0.941(0.891~0.992)0.024
 HBV DNA量1.179(1.056~1.315)0.003
 TBIL1.000(0.988~1.011)0.941
 PLT1.012(1.008~1.015)<0.0011.005(1.001~1.010)0.030
 LSM0.869(0.834~0.905)<0.0010.931(0.892~0.972)0.001
治疗72周
 ALT0.972(0.957~0.987)<0.0010.980(0.964~0.996)0.016
 LSM0.748(0.688~0.812)<0.0010.858(0.782~0.941)0.001
 PLT1.011(1.007~1.014)<0.001  
), ArticleFig(id=1203057891398869493, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203057881768747039, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

影响显著组织学应答的logistic回归分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标单因素logistic分析多因素logistic分析
OR(95%CI)POR(95%CI)P
基线
 年龄0.960(0.942~0.978)<0.0010.978(0.958~0.998)0.030
 男性1.451(1.006~2.093)0.046
 体重指数0.941(0.891~0.992)0.024
 HBV DNA量1.179(1.056~1.315)0.003
 TBIL1.000(0.988~1.011)0.941
 PLT1.012(1.008~1.015)<0.0011.005(1.001~1.010)0.030
 LSM0.869(0.834~0.905)<0.0010.931(0.892~0.972)0.001
治疗72周
 ALT0.972(0.957~0.987)<0.0010.980(0.964~0.996)0.016
 LSM0.748(0.688~0.812)<0.0010.858(0.782~0.941)0.001
 PLT1.011(1.007~1.014)<0.001  
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慢性乙型肝炎患者经恩替卡韦治疗后获得显著组织学应答的影响因素及列线图模型构建
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王春艳 1 , 纪冬 1, 2, 3, * , 陈艳 1 , 周光德 4 , 董政 1 , 王建军 1 , 陈国凤 1, 2 , 杨永平 1, 2, *
解放军医学杂志 | 慢性乙型肝炎的诊治与预后专题研究 2023,48(2): 143-150
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解放军医学杂志 | 慢性乙型肝炎的诊治与预后专题研究 2023, 48(2): 143-150
慢性乙型肝炎患者经恩替卡韦治疗后获得显著组织学应答的影响因素及列线图模型构建
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王春艳1, 纪冬1, 2, 3, * , 陈艳1, 周光德4, 董政1, 王建军1, 陈国凤1, 2, 杨永平1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1解放军总医院第五医学中心肝病医学部,北京 100039
  • 2北京大学302临床医学院,北京 100039
  • 3南方医科大学第二临床医学院,广东广州 510515
  • 4首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院病理科,北京 100069
  • 王春艳,医学硕士,主要从事肝纤维化、肝硬化等方面的研究

通讯作者:

纪冬,E-mail:
杨永平,E-mail:
A nomogram model for evaluating significant histological response in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving entecavir treatment
Chun-Yan Wang1, Dong Ji1, 2, 3, * , Yan Chen1, Guang-De Zhou4, Zheng Dong1, Jian-Jun Wang1, Guo-Feng Chen1, 2, Yong-Ping Yang1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1Senior Department of Hepatology, the Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100039, China
  • 2Peking University 302 Clinical Medical School, Beijing 100039, China
  • 3The Second School of Clinical Medicine, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, China
  • 4Department of Pathology, Beijing You An Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China
出版时间: 2023-02-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0143
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目的 分析慢性乙型肝炎(CHB)患者抗病毒治疗期间获得显著组织学应答(SHR)的影响因素,并建立列线图模型以评估CHB患者抗病毒治疗期间的SHR情况。方法 选取2013年10月-2014年10月共14家医院收治的CHB初治患者727例,均给予恩替卡韦抗病毒治疗,并在基线及治疗72周后进行肝活检。根据治疗72周后是否获得SHR(Ishak纤维化评分≤2分且组织学活动指数≤4分),分为应答组(n=160)与无应答组(n=567),采用多因素logistic回归分析筛选SHR的影响因素;建立列线图模型,并用C指数、校准曲线及临床决策曲线(DCA)评价列线图的区分度、校准度和临床实用性。结果 治疗72周后,患者的总体纤维化逆转率为51.2%(372/727),炎症改善率为74.4%(541/727),病毒学应答率为86.0%(625/727),谷丙转氨酶(ALT)复常率为83.5%(380/455),HBeAg血清学转换率为13.3%(55/415)。其中获得病毒学应答及ALT复常的患者中分别有49.0%(306/625)、43.4%(165/380)未获得纤维化逆转。Logistic回归分析显示,基线年龄(OR=0.978,95%CI 0.958~0.998,P=0.030)、血小板计数(OR=1.005,95%CI 1.001~1.010,P=0.030)、肝脏硬度值(LSM)(OR=0.931,95%CI 0.892~0.972,P=0.001),以及治疗72周后的ALT(OR=0.980,95%CI 0.964~0.996,P=0.016)、LSM(OR=0.858,95%CI 0.782~0.941,P=0.001)是SHR的影响因素。基于以上因素建立列线图模型,其C指数为0.784,明显优于治疗72周单独使用谷草转氨酶与血小板比值(APRI)(0.643)、肝纤维化4因子指数(FIB-4)(0.691)及LSM(0.735),该模型还具有拟合度高的校正曲线及DCA曲线。结论 基于基线年龄、血小板计数、LSM及治疗72周后ALT、LSM构建的列线图模型具有良好的准确性,可用于个体化评估CHB患者抗病毒治疗期间的SHR率,减少肝活检,值得临床推广。

乙型肝炎,慢性  /  恩替卡韦  /  组织学应答  /  列线图

Objective To identify the high-risk factors and establish a nomogram for evaluating significant histological response (SHR) in chronic hepatitis B (CHB) patients receiving entecavir treatment. Methods Treatment-naive CHB patients who were presented to 14 hospitals, from October 2013 to October 2014, were enrolled and treated with entecavir for 72 weeks,prospectively. All the patients who underwent paired biopsies at treatment baseline and week 72 were analyzed. According to whether SHR (Ishak fibrosis score F≤2 points and histology activity index HAI≤4 points) was obtained during treatment, they were assigned to response group (n=160) and non-response group (n=567). High-risk factors were identified by multivariate logistic regression, and then were incorporated into a nomogram model. The discrimination, calibration and clinical applicability of nomogram were assessed by concordance index (C-index), calibration curve and clinical decision curve (DCA). Results After 72 weeks of treatment, regression of fibrosis, improvement of inflammation, virologic response, alanine aminotransferase (ALT)normalization and HBeAg seroconversion were 51.2%, 74.4%, 86.0%, 83.5% and 13.3%, respectively, however, 49.0% (306/625) of patients with virological response and 43.4% (165/380) of patients with ALT normalization did not achieved regression of fibrosis.Logistic regression analysis showed that baseline age (OR=0.978, 95%CI 0.958-0.998, P=0.030), platelet (PLT) (OR=1.005, 95%CI 1.001-1.010, P=0.030), liver stiffness measurement (LSM) (OR=0.931, 95%CI 0.892-0.972, P=0.001) and 72-week ALT (OR=0.980,95%CI 0.964-0.996, P=0.016), 72-week LSM (OR=0.858, 95%CI 0.782-0.941, P=0.001) were independent high-risk factors associated with SHR. The C-index of the nomogram model based on the above factors was 0.784, which was significantly better than 72-week AST/PLT ratio (APRI) (0.643), fibrosis-4 (FIB-4) (0.691) and LSM (0.735) alone, and had well-fitted calibration curves and DCA. Conclusions Incorporating baseline age, PLT, LSM, 72-week ALT and 72-week LSM, the established individualized nomogram model for evaluating significant histological response in CHB patients receiving antiviral therapy has good predictive performance and can reduce the need of liver biopsy.

hepatitis B, chronic  /  entecavir  /  histological response  /  nomogram
王春艳, 纪冬, 陈艳, 周光德, 董政, 王建军, 陈国凤, 杨永平. 慢性乙型肝炎患者经恩替卡韦治疗后获得显著组织学应答的影响因素及列线图模型构建. 解放军医学杂志, 2023 , 48 (2) : 143 -150 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0143
Chun-Yan Wang, Dong Ji, Yan Chen, Guang-De Zhou, Zheng Dong, Jian-Jun Wang, Guo-Feng Chen, Yong-Ping Yang. A nomogram model for evaluating significant histological response in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving entecavir treatment[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2023 , 48 (2) : 143 -150 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0143
乙型肝炎病毒(hepatitis B virus,HBV)感染是目前全球重大的公共卫生问题。据报道,每年约有超过65万人死于HBV相关终末期肝病,包括肝硬化、肝细胞癌等[1-3]。目前临床应用核苷(酸)类似物(nucleo(t)ide analogues,NAs)作为慢性乙型肝炎(chronic hepatitis B,CHB)抗病毒治疗的主要手段,大多数CHB患者通过抗病毒治疗可获得生化学应答[谷丙转氨酶(ALT)复常]及病毒学应答(HBV DNA持续低于检测值下限)[4],然而越来越多的研究表明,即使获得持续的生化学应答及病毒学应答,部分CHB患者的肝纤维化仍在进展,甚至在获得HBsAg阴转后,仍有一部分CHB患者进展为原发性肝细胞癌[5]
我国的指南及专家共识均指出,CHB的理想治疗目标是获得肝组织学改善,进而降低肝硬化及肝细胞癌的发生风险[6-7]。因此,如何评价CHB患者接受抗病毒治疗期间是否获得显著组织学应答(significant histological response,SHR)尤为重要。目前肝活检仍然是评价SHR的金标准,但由于其属于有创性操作,难以普及,且无法实现临床治疗过程中的动态监测[8-11]。本研究纳入恩替卡韦(entecavir,ETV)治疗CHB患者的相关资料,分析SHR的影响因素,并建立无创列线图模型,以期为减少肝活检及将来实现临床治愈提供依据。
本研究数据来源于一项进行中的前瞻性随机对照双盲试验(注册号:NCT01965418)[12-13]。选取2013年10月-2014年10月解放军总医院第五医学中心等14家医院收治的CHB患者共1000例,所有患者均符合《慢性乙型肝炎防治指南(2015年更新版)》[14]的诊断标准。纳入标准:(1)年龄大于18岁且未接受过抗病毒治疗的慢性HBV感染者;(2)符合NAs抗病毒治疗的适应证;(3)接受肝活检;(4)肝纤维化Ishak评分≥3分,且6个月内未接受抗纤维化治疗。排除标准:(1)合并其他病毒感染;(2)其他类型肝脏疾病;(3)失代偿期肝硬化;(4)具有恶性肿瘤病史;(5)严重的心脏、肾脏或其他脏器的原发疾病或精神系统疾病;(6)妊娠或哺乳期。本研究方案已获解放军总医院第五医学中心伦理委员会(批件号2018101D)以及其他13家参与医院伦理委员会审批通过,所有患者均签署知情同意书。
所有患者口服ETV(0.5 mg/d)进行抗病毒治疗,并于治疗72周后进行第2次肝活检,排除未完成治疗的患者54例及拒绝第2次肝活检的患者219例,最终纳入727例患者进行研究。收集治疗前、治疗72周后患者的一般资料(包括年龄、性别、体重指数等)及实验室指标,包括血清谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、总胆红素(TBIL)、血小板计数(PLT)、HBV DNA量、乙型肝炎e抗原(HBeAg)等,并计算谷草转氨酶与血小板比值(APRI)及肝纤维化4因子指数(fibrosis-4,FIB-4)。公式如下:APRI=(AST/正常值上限×100)/PLT;FIB-4=(年龄× AST)/(PLT×ALT/2)。病毒学应答定义为抗病毒治疗开始后血清HBV DNA<20 IU/ml;ALT复常率定义为基线ALT升高亚组中ALT恢复正常患者的百分比;HBeAg血清学转换定义为基线HBeAg阳性亚组中HBeAg转阴并且抗HBe转阳。
采用超声引导下经皮肝穿刺活检,使用一次性16G活检针,要求肝组织长度≥15 mm,至少包括11个汇管区[15],由两位病理医师集中进行双盲法阅片。肝脏炎症活动指数(histology activity index,HAI)及纤维化评分分级参照Ishak评分系统判定[16-17],炎症改善定义为治疗后Ishak炎症活动指数降低≥2分,肝纤维化逆转定义为治疗后Ishak纤维化分级下降≥1分,SHR定义为治疗后后者≤2分且前者≤4分。
由经验丰富的操作员使用FibroScan®(法国Echosens公司)按照标准操作方法测量肝脏硬度值(liver stiffness measurement,LSM)。测量时患者取仰卧位,右手抱头,选择右侧腋前线至腋中线第7、8、9肋间,在检测处涂抹耦合剂,将探头贴紧皮肤并与皮肤垂直。连续成功检测10次,取10次有效测量的中位数作为最终LSM值。有效性判定:四分位间距(IQR)小于中位数的30%,成功率(成功检测次数/总检测次数)≥60%[18]。LSM下降≥30%定义为有临床意义[19]
将多因素logistic回归分析筛选的5个影响因素引入R软件,建立评估治疗72周获得SHR的个体化列线图模型,并绘制校准曲线及临床决策曲线(decision curve analyses,DCA)。通过Bootstrap自抽样法对模型进行内部验证,用一致性指数(concordance index,C指数)、校准曲线及DCA曲线[20]来评价列线图的区分度、校准度及临床实用性。
采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。计量数据以$\bar{x}±s$或M(Q1Q3)表示,两组比较采用独立样本t检验或Mann-Whitney U检验。计数资料以例(%)表示,两组比较采用χ2检验。通过多因素logistic回归模型,采用进入法筛选SHR的相关因素,采用R语言(v3.6.1)的RMS程序包构建列线图模型。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
本组727例患者中,男497例(68.4%),女230例(31.6%),平均年龄(42.2±9.8)岁,HBeAg阳性415例(57.1%),ALT升高455例(62.6%),其他资料见表1。其中ALT正常的272例CHB患者中72.4%(197/272)有显著肝脏炎症(HAI≥5分),57.7%(152/272)有肝硬化(F≥5分)。根据治疗72周后是否获得SHR,将727例患者分为无应答组(n=567)与应答组(n=160),两组年龄、性别、体重指数、HBV DNA量、TBIL、PLT、LSM、Ishak炎症活动指数、Ishak纤维化分级及肝硬化比例差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组ALT、AST水平及HBeAg阳性、ALT升高比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,表1)。
治疗72周后,所有患者的总体纤维化逆转率为51.2%(372/727),炎症改善率为74.4%(541/727),病毒学应答率为86.0%(625/727),ALT复常率为83.5%(380/455),HBeAg血清学转换率为13.3%(55/415)。其中获得病毒学应答的625例患者中,306例(49.0%)经病理学检查证实未获得纤维化逆转;ALT复常的380例患者中,342例(90.0%)获得组织学炎症改善,但165例(43.4%)未获得纤维化逆转(图1)。应答组的纤维化逆转率、炎症改善率、ALT复常率均高于无应答组,两组ALT、AST、TBIL、PLT及LSM差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),但两组LSM降低≥30%的比例、病毒学应答率及HBeAg血清学转换率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,表2)。53.8%(391/727)的患者LSM降低≥30%,但其中只有53.1%(85/160)被组织学证实,46.9%(75/160)为假阳性。
表12中单因素分析差异有统计学意义的变量为自变量,以SHR为因变量进行logistic回归分析。结果显示,基线时的年龄、PLT、LSM,以及治疗72周后的ALT、LSM为SHR的独立影响因素(P<0.05,表3)。
基于2.3中的因素建立的列线图模型的C指数为0.784(95%CI 0.746~0.821),明显优于单独使用APRI(C指数为0.643,95%CI 0.686~0.729)、FIB-4(C指数为0.691,95%CI 0.647~0.736)及LSM(C指数为0.735,95%CI 0.694~0.776),差异有统计学意义。校正曲线贴近于理想曲线(对角线),斜率为1.013,Hosmer-Lemeshow拟合优度检验无统计学意义(χ2=4.316,P=0.828)。DCA曲线显示该模型在较广的阈值概率范围内(0.1~0.65),均高于APRI、FIB-4及LSM,临床实用性较强(图2)。
目前,核苷(酸)类药物已经广泛应用于CHB患者的抗病毒治疗,积极的抗病毒治疗可以持续抑制HBV DNA的复制,减轻肝细胞的炎症损伤,进而改善肝纤维化,降低肝细胞癌的发生率[4,21-22]。随着抗病毒药物的不断优化,追求的目标不断进步,CHB的临床治愈已成为目前国内外最新指南推荐的理想治疗目标。然而有研究显示,获得持续的生化学应答及病毒学应答并不能真正反映肝组织的病理学改善[23]。本课题组前期研究也发现,即使CHB患者在达到停药标准后停药,仍然具有非常高的复发率[24-25]。如何更好地评估组织学应答,并将其用于实现临床治愈患者的长期无创随访已成为当前研究的热点之一。
我国指南将肝组织学应答定义为肝组织炎症坏死降低且无肝纤维化评分增高,或纤维化评分降低[12]。首先,目前用于评价肝组织炎症活动的无创指标以ALT为主[26],指南推荐对于持续存在ALT异常且HBV DNA阳性的CHB患者需进行抗病毒治疗,但有研究表明,在ALT正常患者中仍有15.7%~50.2%存在明显的肝组织学损伤[27-29],与本研究结果一致。因此单纯采用ALT无法充分反映肝脏炎症程度。其次,评价肝纤维化的无创诊断方法包括LSM、APRI及FIB-4等[7]。既往研究表明,LSM能准确识别进展期肝纤维化与早期肝硬化,然而其测定结果受肝脏炎症、重度脂肪变等多种因素的影响[7,12,30]。最新研究发现,CHB患者在抗病毒治疗过程中LSM下降并不能准确评价肝纤维化的逆转情况,LSM评价肝纤维化具有一定局限性[31];有研究也指出单独采用APRI、FIB-4评估HBV相关肝纤维化程度的准确性较低[32]。本研究是基于国家“十三五”课题中随机对照试验研究的深度挖掘,旨在评价联合使用复方鳖甲软肝片对恩替卡韦初治CHB患者的协同疗效[12-13],以治疗前后的肝活检病理作为评价指标,并建立新的无创列线图模型,用于评估SHR,结果更客观。
本研究最终筛选出SHR的5个独立影响因素,包括基线的年龄、PLT、LSM及治疗72周的ALT、LSM。既往有研究表明,年龄与慢性肝病患者疾病进展相关,年龄越大患者的肝组织炎症及纤维化程度越重[33-34]。本研究发现基线年龄与肝组织学应答呈负相关,列线图模型显示,年龄较大的CHB患者经抗病毒治疗后的组织学应答率相对较低,因此,对符合抗病毒适应证的CHB患者应尽早治疗,以获得较高的组织学应答率。PLT及ALT作为APRI、FIB-4的参数之一,已被充分证实与肝纤维化程度有关[35-36],尤其是PLT亦被Baveno Ⅵ共识推荐用于无创评估及监测肝硬化门脉高压患者的食管静脉曲张情况[37-38],而静脉曲张程度与患者的预后相关。本研究将PLT、ALT纳入列线图模型,可能更有利于评估CHB患者肝脏疾病的预后。另外,LSM作为一种成熟的肝纤维化无创诊断技术已广泛应用于临床,我国指南指出“动态评估CHB患者的肝脏疾病严重程度比单次检测更有临床意义”,虽然LSM的诊断效能可能受到多种因素的影响,但准确评估基线及抗病毒治疗过程中LSM的变化对于预测治疗72周后的SHR仍具有重要价值。
本研究建立的列线图模型可将多因素分析结果可视化,并且具有可量化、个体化评估CHB患者抗病毒治疗获得SHR的优势,可作为肝活检的有效替代方式。根据本研究的列线图模型,假设某30岁的CHB患者,基线血小板为250×109/L、LSM为15 kPa,经NAs抗病毒治疗72周后,LSM为5.5 kPa、ALT为10 U/L,则该患者总得分为206.2分,获得SHR率仅为60%,需要继续抗病毒治疗。为了更好地评价列线图的区分度、校准度,本研究采用内部验证法并进一步绘制校准曲线,结果显示C指数为0.784,高于单独的APRI、FIB-4、LSM,而校正曲线几乎贴近于理想曲线,充分证实了模型的准确性良好。另外,本研究通过DCA曲线进一步比较了列线图模型与APRI、FIB-4、LSM的实际临床诊断价值,同样显示出列线图的临床实用性最高。
综上所述,CHB患者接受抗病毒治疗期间获得生化学应答及病毒学应答并不能真正反映肝组织的病理学改善,单独采用LSM无法准确评价肝纤维化的逆转。基于基线年龄、PLT、LSM以及治疗72周后ALT、LSM构建的列线图模型具有良好的准确性,可用于个体化评价CHB患者抗病毒治疗期间的SHR率,减少肝活检,有助于临床医生进一步评估病情、指导临床治疗及随访病情转归,为实现临床治愈提供参考,其临床应用价值较高,值得进一步推广应用。
  • 国家“十三五”科技重大专项(2018ZX10725506)
  • 解放军总医院医疗大数据与人工智能研发项目(2019MBD-024)
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2023年第48卷第2期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.02.0143
  • 接收时间:2021-05-28
  • 首发时间:2025-12-03
  • 出版时间:2023-02-28
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  • 收稿日期:2021-05-28
  • 录用日期:2021-08-10
基金
National Major Science and Technology Special Project of China(2018ZX10725506)
国家“十三五”科技重大专项(2018ZX10725506)
Medical Big Data and Artificial Intelligence Development Fund of Chinese PLA General Hospital(2019MBD-024)
解放军总医院医疗大数据与人工智能研发项目(2019MBD-024)
作者信息
    1解放军总医院第五医学中心肝病医学部,北京 100039
    2北京大学302临床医学院,北京 100039
    3南方医科大学第二临床医学院,广东广州 510515
    4首都医科大学附属北京佑安医院病理科,北京 100069

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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