Article(id=1203036775859057256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203036770628755576, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.04.0482, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1658937600000, receivedDateStr=2022-07-28, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1662566400000, acceptedDateStr=2022-09-08, onlineDate=1764755918707, onlineDateStr=2025-12-03, pubDate=1682611200000, pubDateStr=2023-04-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764755918707, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764755918707, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764755918707, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1203036770628755576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2023', volume='48', issue='4', pageStart='367', pageEnd='488', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1764755917460, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764756108290, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1203037571086508742, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203036770628755576, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1203037571086508743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203036770628755576, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=482, endPage=488, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1203036776186212991, articleId=1203036775859057256, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Phenomenon and clinical principle of diagnosis and treatment of bullet vascular embolism, columnId=1190243275882729994, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Review, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Bullet vascular embolism is a serious complication of firearm injury, which is caused by military weapons in wartime and civil guns in peacetime. However, small caliber bullets and small mass fragments are mostly used in military weapons now, which makes it more likely that bullets/fragments will be left in the body, leading to a higher incidence of bullet vascular embolism. Therefore, the incidence of bullet vascular embolism in wartime in the future would be higher than it in the past. Bullet vascular embolism after firearm injury is more harmful to human body, and more emergency treatment is needed. This article reviews the mechanism, vulnerable vessels, embolization types, diagnostic methods and treatment points of bullet vascular embolism, so as to provide reference for clinical diagnosis and treatment of bullet vascular embolism.
, correspAuthors=Bing-Cang Li, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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弹头血管栓塞是火器伤的严重并发症,战时为军用武器所致,平时见于民用枪支致伤。民用枪支和动能低的枪弹致伤后血管栓塞发生率高于军用枪支,但当前军用武器多采用小口径枪弹和小质量破片,弹头或弹片遗留体内的可能性大,导致弹头血管栓塞发生率增高,因此,未来战时弹头血管栓塞的发生率将高于以往。火器伤后弹头血管栓塞对人体危害更严重,多需要紧急救治。本文综述弹头血管栓塞的发生机制、易损血管、栓塞类型、诊断方法和治疗要点等,以期为弹头血管栓塞的临床诊治提供参考。
, correspAuthors=李兵仓, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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李越,医学博士,主治医师,主要从事神经系统损伤与修复方面的研究
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军用和民用枪弹致伤示意图A. 军用5.56 mm枪弹速度高,动能大,弹头常穿出体外;B. 民用BB枪弹速度低,动能小,弹头常遗留体内
, figureFileSmall=qQObO9DjYdHzNxZEHaNppA==, figureFileBig=fCgsc1FlX8M5NOPO2fZeFA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203036779130614634, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203036775859057256, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=
List of bullet entering and embolizing human blood vessels after gunshot wounds
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| 解剖部位 | 弹头进入血管 | 弹头栓塞血管 |
|---|
| 血管名称 | 发生率(%) | 血管名称 | 发生率(%) |
|---|
| 脑部 | | | 大脑中动脉 | 15 |
| | 大脑后动脉 | 2 |
| | 大脑前动脉 | 1 |
| | 基底动脉 | 1 |
| | 小脑动脉 | 1 |
| 颈部 | 颈动脉 | 21 | 颈动脉 | 6~30 |
| 颈静脉 | 7 | 颈静脉 | 1 |
| 胸部 | 主动脉 | 18 | 主动脉 | 5 |
| 锁骨下动脉 | 3 | 锁骨下动脉 | 2~7 |
| 肺动脉 | 3 | 肺动脉 | 32 |
| 肺静脉 | 9 | 肺静脉 | 3 |
| 下腔静脉 | 25 | 下腔静脉 | 3.2~4 |
| 上腔静脉 | 1 | 上腔静脉 | 1 |
| 头臂动脉 | 1 | 头臂动脉 | 1 |
| 锁骨下静脉 | 10 | 冠状动脉 | 4 |
| 心脏 | 左心室 | 52 | 左心房 | 1 |
| 右心室 | 20 | 左心室 | 1 |
| 右心房 | 16 | 右心房 | 10 |
| 左心房 | 9 | 右心室 | 35.0~54.8 |
| 腹部 | 肝静脉 | 2 | 肾动脉 | 4 |
| 盆腔静脉 | 2 | 肝静脉 | 6 |
| | | 肾静脉 | 1 |
| | | 腰静脉 | 1 |
| | | 门静脉 | 1 |
| 上肢 | 腋动脉 | 1 | 上肢远端动脉 | 2 |
| 腋静脉 | 5 | 腋动脉 | 4 |
| 肱动脉 | 1 | 肱动脉 | 1 |
| 下肢 | 髂动脉 | 10 | 股动脉 | 17~34 |
| 髂静脉 | 9 | 髂动脉 | 13 |
| 股动脉 | 12 | 髂静脉 | 8 |
| 股静脉 | 15 | 腘动脉 | 11~50 |
| 腘静脉 | 1 | 腘静脉 | 1 |
| | | 下肢远端动脉 | 8 |
), ArticleFig(id=1203036779231277938, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203036775859057256, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
枪伤后弹头进入及栓塞的人体血管一览表
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| 解剖部位 | 弹头进入血管 | 弹头栓塞血管 |
|---|
| 血管名称 | 发生率(%) | 血管名称 | 发生率(%) |
|---|
| 脑部 | | | 大脑中动脉 | 15 |
| | 大脑后动脉 | 2 |
| | 大脑前动脉 | 1 |
| | 基底动脉 | 1 |
| | 小脑动脉 | 1 |
| 颈部 | 颈动脉 | 21 | 颈动脉 | 6~30 |
| 颈静脉 | 7 | 颈静脉 | 1 |
| 胸部 | 主动脉 | 18 | 主动脉 | 5 |
| 锁骨下动脉 | 3 | 锁骨下动脉 | 2~7 |
| 肺动脉 | 3 | 肺动脉 | 32 |
| 肺静脉 | 9 | 肺静脉 | 3 |
| 下腔静脉 | 25 | 下腔静脉 | 3.2~4 |
| 上腔静脉 | 1 | 上腔静脉 | 1 |
| 头臂动脉 | 1 | 头臂动脉 | 1 |
| 锁骨下静脉 | 10 | 冠状动脉 | 4 |
| 心脏 | 左心室 | 52 | 左心房 | 1 |
| 右心室 | 20 | 左心室 | 1 |
| 右心房 | 16 | 右心房 | 10 |
| 左心房 | 9 | 右心室 | 35.0~54.8 |
| 腹部 | 肝静脉 | 2 | 肾动脉 | 4 |
| 盆腔静脉 | 2 | 肝静脉 | 6 |
| | | 肾静脉 | 1 |
| | | 腰静脉 | 1 |
| | | 门静脉 | 1 |
| 上肢 | 腋动脉 | 1 | 上肢远端动脉 | 2 |
| 腋静脉 | 5 | 腋动脉 | 4 |
| 肱动脉 | 1 | 肱动脉 | 1 |
| 下肢 | 髂动脉 | 10 | 股动脉 | 17~34 |
| 髂静脉 | 9 | 髂动脉 | 13 |
| 股动脉 | 12 | 髂静脉 | 8 |
| 股静脉 | 15 | 腘动脉 | 11~50 |
| 腘静脉 | 1 | 腘静脉 | 1 |
| | | 下肢远端动脉 | 8 |
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