Article(id=1203033500292182522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203033494428541350, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.05.0570, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1644508800000, receivedDateStr=2022-02-11, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1659110400000, acceptedDateStr=2022-07-30, onlineDate=1764755137750, onlineDateStr=2025-12-03, pubDate=1685203200000, pubDateStr=2023-05-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764755137750, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764755137750, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764755137750, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1203033494428541350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2023', volume='48', issue='5', pageStart='489', pageEnd='626', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1764755136353, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764756085669, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1203037476202967229, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203033494428541350, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1203037476202967230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1203033494428541350, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=570, endPage=576, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1203033500707418646, articleId=1203033500292182522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Protective effect and potential mechanism of Taohong Siwu decoction on peripheral nerve injury of paclitaxel, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of Taohong Siwu decoction(THD) on paclitaxel-induced peripheral nerve injury in rat. Methods Twenty-four female SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, THD low-dose group and THD high-dos group (6 each). Rats in control group were given saline of the same volume, while paclitaxel (8 mg/kg) was slowly injected intraperitoneally into rats in other three groups on the 1, 3, 5, and 7th day for 4 times. Rats with mechanical withdrawal threshold under 4 g indicated model success. The THD low-dose group and THD high-dose group was given 1 g/ml or 2 g/ml of THD 2 times/d, for 4 weeks. The threshold of mechanical stimulation, cold and hot stimulation to rats was detected after administration. The pathological morphology of sciatic nerve was observed by HE staining.The contents of inflammatory factor Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and L-Glutathione (GSH) in the sciatic nerve were measured with automatic biochemical analyzer.The relative contents of myelination pieces were determined by red oil O staining and expression level of autophagy associated proteins microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain3-I (LC3-I), LC3-Ⅱ, and Beclin1 were detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with control group, rats in model group showed lower threshold to mechanical stimulation and lower sensitivity to hot and cold stimulation (P<0.05), expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α and TRABS elevated (P<0.05), while GSH levels decreased (P<0.05). HE staining showed tissue injury, atrophy, inflammatory infiltration, and myelination pieces increased significantly and expression of autophagy associated protein LC3-I, LC3-Ⅱand Beclin1 reduced (P<0.05). The results of THD low-dose group and THD high-dose group showed that the response of rats to mechanical stimulation, hot and cold stimulation was obviously improved (P<0.05), levels of IL-6, TNF-α and TRABS significantly decreased (P<0.05), while level of antioxidant GSH significantly elevated (P<0.05). Compared with THD low-dose group, rats in THD high-dose group showed elevated threshold to mechanical stimulation and more sensitive to mechanical stimulation, hot and cold stimulation (P<0.05), myelination pieces decreased significantly (P<0.05) and expression of autophagy associated protein LC3-I, LC3-Ⅱand Beclin1 increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Taohong Siwu decoction can alleviate rat peripheral nerve injury caused by paclitaxel, and its mechanism may be related to reducing inflammatory reaction and inducing autophagy to remove damaged debris.

, correspAuthors=Zheng-Xiang Li, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* E-mail:
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目的 观察桃红四物汤(THD)对紫杉醇所致大鼠外周神经损伤的作用并探讨其相关机制。方法 将24只雌性SD大鼠随机分为4组(对照组、模型组、THD低剂量组、THD高剂量组),每组6只。对照组以外的3组大鼠分别在第1、3、5、7天腹腔注入紫杉醇(8 mg/kg),诱导外周神经损伤模型,大鼠机械刺激撤足阈值<4 g为造模成功;THD低、高剂量组在造模同时灌胃给予相应浓度(1 g/ml、2 g/ml)的桃红四物汤(10 ml/kg),2次/d,连续4周。给药结束后检测各组大鼠对机械、冷、热刺激的敏感度,坐骨神经组织病理学改变,坐骨神经部位炎性因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、抗氧化因子还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)及脂质过氧化因子硫代巴比妥酸反应物(TBARS)的水平,并检测坐骨神经部位髓鞘碎片及自噬相关蛋白微管相关蛋白1轻链3-I(LC3-I)、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1蛋白的表达水平。结果 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠的冷、热刺激敏感度和机械痛觉阈值均降低(P<0.05);坐骨神经病理结构显著破坏,且存在炎性浸润,髓鞘碎片增加(P<0.05);炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α和TRABS水平升高(P<0.05),GSH水平下降(P<0.05);自噬相关蛋白LC3-I、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1表达水平降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,THD低剂量组和高剂量组大鼠的冷、热刺激敏感度和机械痛觉阈值均增高(P<0.05);坐骨神经病理结构改善,仍存在炎性浸润,髓鞘碎片减少(P<0.05);炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α和TRABS水平降低(P<0.05),GSH水平增高(P<0.05);LC3-I、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1表达水平增高(P<0.05)。与THD低剂量组比较,THD高剂量组冷、热刺激敏感度和机械痛觉阈值均增高(P<0.05),坐骨神经髓鞘碎片减少(P<0.05),LC3-I、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1表达水平增高(P<0.05)。结论 THD可缓解紫杉醇造成的大鼠外周神经损伤,其机制可能与降低炎性反应、诱导自噬清除损伤碎片有关。

, correspAuthors=李正翔, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
李正翔,E-mail:
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韩滨,硕士,药师,主要从事药理学方面的研究

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韩滨,硕士,药师,主要从事药理学方面的研究

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language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Han B, Liu X, Sun J, journalName=Chin J New Drugs Clin Rem, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Han B, Liu X, Sun J, et al. 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THD. 桃红四物汤;PIPN. 外周神经损伤;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与模型组比较,(2)P<0.05;与THD低剂量组比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=H2W7X03jQjlcGM5B2b6TWQ==, figureFileBig=DTKFlrryfnoFCFGXjqXnxA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203033505916744569, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203033500292182522, language=EN, label=Fig. 2, caption=Comparison of pathological morphology of rat's sciatic nerve in each group (HE), figureFileSmall=OKz0EJDVJFkWtl3p6nw5Lw==, figureFileBig=I9gkwd/R7MEEBAdbSx/1jA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203033506013213570, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203033500292182522, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组大鼠坐骨神经组织结构比较(HE染色)

THD. 桃红四物汤;A. 对照组大鼠坐骨神经组织结构正常;B. 模型组坐骨神经病理结构显著破坏,存在炎性浸润(箭头所示);C. THD低剂量组坐骨神经组织结构也存在缺失但较模型组显著改善,存在炎性浸润(箭头所示);D. THD高剂量组坐骨神经组织结构显著改善,也存在细胞炎性浸润(箭头所示)

, figureFileSmall=OKz0EJDVJFkWtl3p6nw5Lw==, figureFileBig=I9gkwd/R7MEEBAdbSx/1jA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203033506118071176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203033500292182522, language=EN, label=Fig. 3, caption=Effects of THD on levels of IL-6, TNF-α, GSH, and TBARS in rat's sciatic nerve (n=6), figureFileSmall=jd6lUS9gSY54A9SX2M+Ofg==, figureFileBig=0EBfFEskKH/WH42KOk9u4w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203033506239706002, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203033500292182522, language=CN, label=图3, caption=THD对大鼠坐骨神经IL-6、TNF-α、GSH及TBARS蛋白水平的影响(n=6)

THD. 桃红四物汤;IL-6. 白细胞介素-6;TNF-α. 肿瘤坏死因子-α;GSH. 还原型谷胱甘肽;TBARS. 硫代巴比妥酸反应物;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与模型组比较,(2)P<0.05;与THD低剂量组比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=jd6lUS9gSY54A9SX2M+Ofg==, figureFileBig=0EBfFEskKH/WH42KOk9u4w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203033506344563610, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203033500292182522, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=Comparison of myelin sheath fragments on sciatic nerve in rats of each group (red oil O staining), figureFileSmall=p2CnuvL9qnclbtCFl2TDug==, figureFileBig=C75WWYpK8S/06RCYxT2yrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203033506445226911, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203033500292182522, language=CN, label=图4, caption=各组大鼠坐骨神经髓鞘碎片数量比较(油红O染色)

THD. 桃红四物汤;A. 对照组;B. 模型组;C. THD低剂量组;D. THD高剂量组;E. 各组髓鞘碎片数量比较;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与模型组比较,(2)P<0.05;与THD低剂量组比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=p2CnuvL9qnclbtCFl2TDug==, figureFileBig=C75WWYpK8S/06RCYxT2yrg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203033506554278823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203033500292182522, language=EN, label=Fig. 5, caption=Effects of THD on expression levels of autophagy associated protein LC3-I, LC3-Ⅱ, and Beclin1 (Western blotting), figureFileSmall=yy/DnUuOydrCu11wITCZig==, figureFileBig=sSuoat2ypUaO1HbrjNAcKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203033506642359212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1203033500292182522, language=CN, label=图5, caption=THD对PIPN大鼠坐骨神经自噬相关蛋白LC3-Ⅰ、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1表达水平的影响(Western blotting)

THD. 桃红四物汤;PIPN. 外周神经损伤;LC3-Ⅰ. 微管相关蛋白1轻链3-Ⅰ;LC3-Ⅱ. 微管相关蛋白1轻链3-Ⅱ;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与模型组比较,(2)P<0.05;与THD低剂量组比较,(3)P<0.05

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桃红四物汤对紫杉醇所致大鼠外周神经损伤的保护作用及其机制
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韩滨 , 郝晨伟 , 董敏 , 李正翔 *
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023,48(5): 570-576
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023, 48(5): 570-576
桃红四物汤对紫杉醇所致大鼠外周神经损伤的保护作用及其机制
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韩滨, 郝晨伟, 董敏, 李正翔*
作者信息
  • 天津医科大学总医院药剂科,天津 300052
  • 韩滨,硕士,药师,主要从事药理学方面的研究

通讯作者:

李正翔,E-mail:
Protective effect and potential mechanism of Taohong Siwu decoction on peripheral nerve injury of paclitaxel
Bin Han, Chen-Wei Hao, Min Dong, Zheng-Xiang Li*
Affiliations
  • Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300052, China
出版时间: 2023-05-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.05.0570
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目的 观察桃红四物汤(THD)对紫杉醇所致大鼠外周神经损伤的作用并探讨其相关机制。方法 将24只雌性SD大鼠随机分为4组(对照组、模型组、THD低剂量组、THD高剂量组),每组6只。对照组以外的3组大鼠分别在第1、3、5、7天腹腔注入紫杉醇(8 mg/kg),诱导外周神经损伤模型,大鼠机械刺激撤足阈值<4 g为造模成功;THD低、高剂量组在造模同时灌胃给予相应浓度(1 g/ml、2 g/ml)的桃红四物汤(10 ml/kg),2次/d,连续4周。给药结束后检测各组大鼠对机械、冷、热刺激的敏感度,坐骨神经组织病理学改变,坐骨神经部位炎性因子白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、抗氧化因子还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)及脂质过氧化因子硫代巴比妥酸反应物(TBARS)的水平,并检测坐骨神经部位髓鞘碎片及自噬相关蛋白微管相关蛋白1轻链3-I(LC3-I)、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1蛋白的表达水平。结果 与对照组比较,模型组大鼠的冷、热刺激敏感度和机械痛觉阈值均降低(P<0.05);坐骨神经病理结构显著破坏,且存在炎性浸润,髓鞘碎片增加(P<0.05);炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α和TRABS水平升高(P<0.05),GSH水平下降(P<0.05);自噬相关蛋白LC3-I、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1表达水平降低(P<0.05)。与模型组比较,THD低剂量组和高剂量组大鼠的冷、热刺激敏感度和机械痛觉阈值均增高(P<0.05);坐骨神经病理结构改善,仍存在炎性浸润,髓鞘碎片减少(P<0.05);炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α和TRABS水平降低(P<0.05),GSH水平增高(P<0.05);LC3-I、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1表达水平增高(P<0.05)。与THD低剂量组比较,THD高剂量组冷、热刺激敏感度和机械痛觉阈值均增高(P<0.05),坐骨神经髓鞘碎片减少(P<0.05),LC3-I、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1表达水平增高(P<0.05)。结论 THD可缓解紫杉醇造成的大鼠外周神经损伤,其机制可能与降低炎性反应、诱导自噬清除损伤碎片有关。

紫杉醇  /  外周神经损伤  /  桃红四物汤  /  自噬

Objective To investigate the effect and potential mechanism of Taohong Siwu decoction(THD) on paclitaxel-induced peripheral nerve injury in rat. Methods Twenty-four female SD rats were randomly divided into control group, model group, THD low-dose group and THD high-dos group (6 each). Rats in control group were given saline of the same volume, while paclitaxel (8 mg/kg) was slowly injected intraperitoneally into rats in other three groups on the 1, 3, 5, and 7th day for 4 times. Rats with mechanical withdrawal threshold under 4 g indicated model success. The THD low-dose group and THD high-dose group was given 1 g/ml or 2 g/ml of THD 2 times/d, for 4 weeks. The threshold of mechanical stimulation, cold and hot stimulation to rats was detected after administration. The pathological morphology of sciatic nerve was observed by HE staining.The contents of inflammatory factor Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Tumor Necrosis Factor-α (TNF-α), thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and L-Glutathione (GSH) in the sciatic nerve were measured with automatic biochemical analyzer.The relative contents of myelination pieces were determined by red oil O staining and expression level of autophagy associated proteins microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain3-I (LC3-I), LC3-Ⅱ, and Beclin1 were detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with control group, rats in model group showed lower threshold to mechanical stimulation and lower sensitivity to hot and cold stimulation (P<0.05), expression levels of IL-6, TNF-α and TRABS elevated (P<0.05), while GSH levels decreased (P<0.05). HE staining showed tissue injury, atrophy, inflammatory infiltration, and myelination pieces increased significantly and expression of autophagy associated protein LC3-I, LC3-Ⅱand Beclin1 reduced (P<0.05). The results of THD low-dose group and THD high-dose group showed that the response of rats to mechanical stimulation, hot and cold stimulation was obviously improved (P<0.05), levels of IL-6, TNF-α and TRABS significantly decreased (P<0.05), while level of antioxidant GSH significantly elevated (P<0.05). Compared with THD low-dose group, rats in THD high-dose group showed elevated threshold to mechanical stimulation and more sensitive to mechanical stimulation, hot and cold stimulation (P<0.05), myelination pieces decreased significantly (P<0.05) and expression of autophagy associated protein LC3-I, LC3-Ⅱand Beclin1 increased (P<0.05). Conclusion Taohong Siwu decoction can alleviate rat peripheral nerve injury caused by paclitaxel, and its mechanism may be related to reducing inflammatory reaction and inducing autophagy to remove damaged debris.

paclitaxel  /  peripheral nerve injury  /  Taohong Siwu decoction  /  autophagy
韩滨, 郝晨伟, 董敏, 李正翔. 桃红四物汤对紫杉醇所致大鼠外周神经损伤的保护作用及其机制. 解放军医学杂志, 2023 , 48 (5) : 570 -576 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.05.0570
Bin Han, Chen-Wei Hao, Min Dong, Zheng-Xiang Li. Protective effect and potential mechanism of Taohong Siwu decoction on peripheral nerve injury of paclitaxel[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2023 , 48 (5) : 570 -576 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.05.0570
紫杉醇(paclitaxel,PTX)是临床一线抗肿瘤药物[1-2],但可导致明显的外周神经损伤(paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy,PIPN),其发生率高且缺乏有效的预防或治疗措施,即使通过紫杉醇化学结构改造和新剂型的开发也难以避免PIPN的发生。PIPN相关的疼痛、失眠、精神紧张和抑郁严重影响患者的生存质量和预后,其发生机制复杂,包括氧化炎性损伤、髓鞘降解和轴突变性等[3]。中医学将PIPN归类为痹症,病因多为阴虚、气虚和血瘀,治疗以益气活血、温经补气、通络化瘀为主。桃红四物汤(Taohong Siwu decoction,THD)被列入2018年国家中医药管理局发布的《古代经典名方目录(第一批)》[4],具有活血化瘀、益气生新的功效,对缺氧损伤、心血管、肝、肾等均有良好的保护作用[5-6]。临床已有THD用于治疗PIPN的报道[7-8],但相关的分子机制尚不清楚。本研究观察THD对紫杉醇所致大鼠外周神经损伤的保护作用并对其潜在机制进行探讨。
桃红四物汤方剂由地黄、当归、白芍、川穹、桃仁和红花组成,药材均购自天津医药津一堂药房;按照国家中医药管理局《古代经典名方目录(第一批)》,上述6种药材以12:16:6:4:4:4的比例配制,按每克生药加水5 ml浸泡30 min,煮沸后慢煎20 min,过滤,二煎按每克生药加水3 ml,煮沸后慢煎20 min,过滤合并滤液,浓缩至浓度为2 g/ml(按每克生药计)。紫杉醇注射液(重庆莱美药业有限公司,规格:5 ml:30 mg,国药准字H20054814)。0.9%氯化钠注射液(中国大冢制药有限公司,国药准字H20043271)。冷热板测痛仪(型号:JB-LB,淮北九百电子科技有限公司)。电子测痛仪[型号:IITC-2390,创博环球(北京)生物科技有限公司]。微管相关蛋白1轻链3-Ⅰ(microtubule-associated protein 1 light chain3-Ⅰ,LC3-Ⅰ)、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1抗体(美国Cell Signaling Technology公司)。BCA蛋白定量试剂盒(美国ThermoFisher Scientific公司)。检测硫代巴比妥酸反应物(thiobarbituric acid reactive substances,TBARS)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin- 6,IL-6)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(tumor necrosis factor-α,TNF-α)、还原型谷胱甘肽(L-Glutathione,GSH)的ELISA试剂盒及油红O染色试剂盒均购自上海碧云天生物技术公司。
SPF级雌性SD大鼠24只,体重160~180 g,购自斯贝福(北京)生物技术有限公司[实验动物生产许可证号:SCXK(京)2019-0010]。本研究经天津医科大学总医院实验动物伦理委员会审批(批准文号:TCM-LAEC2021096),实验过程符合国家和单位有关实验动物的管理和使用规定。
大鼠随机分成4组:对照组、模型组、THD低剂量组和THD高剂量组,每组6只。将紫杉醇用0.9%氯化钠注射液稀释至1 mg/ml,对照组以外的3组大鼠分别在第1、3、5、7天腹腔缓慢注入紫杉醇(8 mg/kg)以诱导PIPN模型,对照组大鼠腹腔注射同体积0.9%氯化钠注射液。造模成功的检测方法:采用Von-Frey纤维丝测量大鼠的机械撤足反应。将大鼠置于金属筛网上,适应5 min后,选取折力2.0~20.0 g的von Frey纤维丝对大鼠后足底部进行刺激,每次刺激5 s,大鼠在刺激时间内出现快速的撤足反应记为阳性反应。每个折力的von Frey纤维细丝均连续测定5次,每次刺激间隔30 s。从折力2.0 g开始测量,若刺激力度不能引起阳性反应则给予更大一级力度刺激,机械刺激撤足阈值低于4 g为造模成功。
按照文献[10]的方法,THD低剂量组、THD高剂量组在造模同时每天分别给予1 g/ml、2 g/ml的THD灌胃,给药体积为10 ml/kg(大鼠体重);造模后继续给药2周,2次/d;对照组和模型组大鼠造模后给予同体积0.9%氯化钠注射液灌胃,2次/d,共给药2周。每天观察动物大体观变化和一般反应情况,如行为活动、精神状况、死亡等。
分别于0天(造模前)、第7天(造模结束)、第14天及第21天(实验结束)对各组大鼠进行行为学检测。冷、热刺激敏感度采用大鼠足部接触到过冷、过热刺激时的缩足次数评定,冷、热刺激敏感度降低表明大鼠缺乏正常的外周神经温度传导,提示可能存在外周神经损伤。冷、热刺激敏感度采用冷热板测痛仪检测,冷刺激敏感度测定温度设为 4 ℃,热刺激敏感度测定温度设为55 ℃,待板温度恒定后,将大鼠置于板上,分别记录大鼠在冷、热板上5 min内抬足的次数;连续测定3次,每次间隔5 min。机械痛觉敏感度评定指标采用缩足阈值,即大鼠足部在压力刺激达到忍受阈值而缩回时所受到的压力;缩足阈值降低表明大鼠对痛觉刺激更加敏感,提示大鼠可能因外周神经损伤而出现痛觉超敏。机械痛觉敏感度测定采用电子测痛仪在大鼠右侧足底光滑皮肤处检测,记录大鼠受到刺激后出现快速撤足反应时的压力(以g为单位);每只大鼠测定3次,每次间隔5 min。
各组大鼠麻醉后迅速处死,立即分离坐骨神经,用体积分数10%的甲醛溶液固定48 h,常规取材、脱水后石蜡包埋,制片,HE染色,在光镜下检查。
分离大鼠坐骨神经,用0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液制备坐骨神经匀浆,将匀浆置于冰浴0.5 h,4 ℃、10 000 r/min离心10 min,分离匀浆上清液,按照ELISA试剂盒说明书方法检测坐骨神经炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α、TBARS及GSH的水平。
取出预制好并保存于–20 ℃的冷冻切片,放入切片架回温5~10 min,按照油红O染色试剂盒操作说明进行染色。
取分离的坐骨神经用PBS清洗后,按照全蛋白提取试剂盒说明书操作,提取坐骨神经总蛋白,BCA法对样品进行蛋白定量。将浓度为20 μg/ml的蛋白用10% SDS-PAGE处理,转移到PVDF膜上;加入5%脱脂奶粉室温摇床封闭2 h,分别加入LC3-Ⅰ(1:1000)、LC3-Ⅱ(1:1000)、Beclin1(1:5000)、GAPDH(1:5000)一抗在4 ℃孵育过夜,用TBST缓冲液洗膜3次,每次10 min,加入1×TBST 稀释的HRP标记的山羊抗兔 IgG二抗(1:5000),室温摇床孵育2 h,TBST洗膜3次,每次10 min;加入ECL发光液,采用凝胶成像系统显影并采集图像,用ImageJ软件进行分析。每个实验重复3次。
采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料符合正态分布,以$\bar{x}±s$表示,两组间比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用Bonferroni 法。P<0.05 为差异有统计学意义。
模型组、THD低剂量组和THD高剂量组大鼠在造模期间给予PTX后出现俯卧、呼吸急促等症状,约1 h基本恢复,在造模过程中出现活动减少、皮肤光泽较差的现象,未出现死亡;对照组大鼠未出现明显的异常反应。实验后期,THD低剂量组和THD高剂量组大鼠活动能力强于模型组,而模型组大鼠活动能力依然较弱;THD高剂量组大鼠恢复状态明显好于THD低剂量组。除THD高剂量组部分大鼠在实验后期偶现两次稀便外,未见其他明显的不良反应。
与对照组比较,模型组大鼠的冷、热刺激敏感度和机械痛觉阈值均明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,THD低剂量组和THD高剂量组大鼠冷、热刺激敏感度及机械痛觉阈值均明显升高(P<0.05);与THD低剂量组比较,THD高剂量组大鼠上述3项指标均明显升高(P<0.05,图1)。
对照组大鼠坐骨神经组织结构正常;模型组大鼠坐骨神经组织结构缺失明显,同时存在炎性浸润;THD低剂量组坐骨神经组织结构也存在缺失但较模型组改善,仍存在炎性浸润;THD高剂量组坐骨神经组织结构明显改善,也存在炎性浸润(图2)。
ELISA法检测结果显示,与对照组比较,模型组大鼠坐骨神经炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α和脂质过氧化因子TRABS水平明显升高(P<0.05),抗氧化因子GSH水平明显降低(P<0.05);与模型组比较,THD低、高剂量组IL-6、TNF-α、TRABS水平均明显降低(P<0.05),GSH水平明显升高(P<0.05);与THD低剂量组比较,THD高剂量组大鼠IL-6、TNF-α、TRABS水平降低(P<0.05),GSH水平增高(P<0.05,图3)。
油红O染色结果显示,与对照组比较,模型组大鼠坐骨神经髓鞘碎片数量明显升高(P<0.05);THD低、高剂量组大鼠坐骨神经髓鞘碎片均明显低于模型组(P<0.05);THD高剂量组坐骨神经髓鞘碎片数量明显低于THD低剂量组(P<0.05,图4)。
Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组比较,模型组大鼠坐骨神经自噬相关蛋白LC3-I、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1相对表达量均明显降低(P<0.05);THD低、高剂量组LC3-I、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1相对表达量均明显高于模型组(P<0.05);THD高剂量组上述自噬相关蛋白表达量均高于THD低剂量组(P<0.05,图5)。
肿瘤患者输注PTX后PIPN发生率较高,连续输注12周和24周,PIPN发生率可高达71%和96%[11]。随着新的靶向药物和联合用药方案的出现,部分肿瘤患者生存期延长,PTX使用次数增加,PIPN的发生率也随之增高,其治疗需求较以往更为突出,成为临床必须面对的问题。有报道使用氨磷汀、甲钴胺、维生素E或度洛西丁等对PIPN进行治疗可缓解短期症状,但疗效有限,且长期服药不良反应严重。2017 年美国癌症中心发布的相关指南不推荐乙酰-L-肉碱用于预防化疗引起的周围神经病变后,PIPN的治疗陷入无药可用的境地[12]。THD方剂由桃仁14粒、红花1钱、生地3钱、当归4钱、白芍钱5分和川芎1钱组成,已有临床使用THD治疗PIPN的报道,但其机制并不明确。本研究显示,PIPN模型大鼠坐骨神经发生了结构损伤,冷、热刺激敏感度和机械痛觉阈值均降低,提示PTX可损伤大鼠外周神经;经THD干预后,大鼠的冷、热刺激敏感度和机械痛觉均显著改善,同时组织病理学结果显示坐骨神经组织结构改善,提示THD对PTX所致的大鼠PIPN有一定保护作用。
氧化炎性损伤、髓鞘降解和轴突变性等[13-14]在PIPN的病理机制中起重要作用,因此,本研究观察了THD对PIPN大鼠上述变化的影响。中药方剂大多具有抗炎抗氧化的作用,本研究对THD抗氧化和抗炎性作用的观察显示,PIPN大鼠坐骨神经炎性因子水平升高明显,而抗氧化能力下降;THD干预后坐骨神经炎性因子IL-6、TNF-α水平明显下降,抗氧化因子GSH水平升高,脂质过氧化因子TBARS水平降低,提示THD可抑制炎性反应,提高抗氧化能力,对PTX造成的外周神经损伤起到保护作用;同时,THD高剂量组大鼠GSH水平高于THD低剂量组,IL-6、TNF-α和TBARS水平低于THD低剂量组,提示THD高剂量组氧化损伤的改善情况优于THD低剂量组。炎性因子在外周神经损伤中起重要作用,THD可降低上述炎性因子水平,抑制外周神经炎性反应,进而减轻炎性反应造成的神经损伤,有利于外周神经损伤后的恢复。
在PTX外周神经损伤的修复中,抗炎抗氧化是保护性因素,并非决定性因素。PTX对神经较为严重的损伤是髓鞘降解和轴突变性导致的神经纤维缺失,以及轴突萎缩导致的髓鞘变性,使大量神经纤维发生脱髓反应,轴突崩溃瓦解,产生大量髓鞘碎片、细胞器和细胞碎片并堆积于病变部位,挡住了轴突再生时生长的通路,阻碍轴突再生,同时轴突的崩解变性会阻碍神经传导和胞内营养运输,进一步加剧神经病变的发展;因此,清除髓鞘和轴突碎片,促进轴突再生是治疗PIPN的关键[15-18]。轴突降解后产生的中性脂质经油红O染色后显亮色,而完整的髓磷脂油红O染色模糊,不出现特异性染色。本研究对PTX造成的外周神经损伤部位进行油红O染色后观察到,与对照组比较,模型组大鼠坐骨神经出现大量髓鞘碎片,经THD干预后,髓鞘碎片数量明显下降,提示THD干预可促进PTX损伤导致的髓鞘碎片的清除;同时,THD高剂量组髓鞘碎片的数量低于THD低剂量组,提示高剂量(2 g/ml)THD清除髓鞘碎片的作用优于低剂量(1 g/ml) THD。
外周神经髓鞘碎片的清除主要依靠损伤部位细胞的自噬作用。为进一步观察髓鞘碎片清除与损伤部位细胞自噬的相关性,本研究检测了坐骨神经自噬相关蛋白的表达水平,结果显示,模型组大鼠坐骨神经自噬相关蛋白LC3-Ⅰ、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1表达下调,经THD干预后,坐骨神经部位LC3-Ⅰ、LC3-Ⅱ和Beclin1的表达水平恢复,且髓鞘碎片减少,提示THD可能通过激活自噬而清除损伤部位的碎片,有利于损伤神经的修复,起到保护大鼠PIPN的作用;同时,THD高剂量组自噬相关蛋白表达水平高于THD低剂量组,提示高剂量(2 g/ml)THD促进自噬相关蛋白表达的作用优于低剂量(1 g/ml)THD。
综上所述,本研究显示,THD可通过抗氧化、抗炎性作用以及提高自噬蛋白的表达而清除髓鞘碎片,从而对大鼠PIPN发挥保护作用。为进一步揭示THD对PIPN发挥保护作用的机制,未来需要阐明THD抗氧化、抗炎性以及激活自噬的分子机制。目前THD治疗PIPN的疗效及安全性研究多局限于临床观察,缺乏规模化、系统化的评估,整体而言循证等级较低。由于THD的药物成分多、作用机制复杂,其临床应用有赖于中医临床医师的经验。探明THD在肿瘤辅助治疗中的作用机制,有利于开发新的药物剂型并促进其临床应用,为PIPN的治疗提供新的选项。
  • 天津市卫生健康委员会天津市中医药管理局中医中西医结合科研课题(2019135)
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2023年第48卷第5期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2023.05.0570
  • 接收时间:2022-02-11
  • 首发时间:2025-12-03
  • 出版时间:2023-05-28
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  • 收稿日期:2022-02-11
  • 录用日期:2022-07-30
基金
Scientific Research Project on Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine of Tianjin Health Commission and Tianjin Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine(2019135)
天津市卫生健康委员会天津市中医药管理局中医中西医结合科研课题(2019135)
作者信息
    天津医科大学总医院药剂科,天津 300052

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李正翔,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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