Article(id=1202979641985299125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1202979639087030850, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1188.2023.0223, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1653408000000, receivedDateStr=2022-05-25, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1659110400000, acceptedDateStr=2022-07-30, onlineDate=1764742296929, onlineDateStr=2025-12-03, pubDate=1690473600000, pubDateStr=2023-07-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764742296929, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-12-03, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764742296929, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764742296929, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1202979639087030850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2023', volume='48', issue='7', pageStart='749', pageEnd='870', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1764742296239, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764742346610, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1202979850442203282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1202979639087030850, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1202979850442203283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1202979639087030850, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=784, endPage=789, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1202979642341814970, articleId=1202979641985299125, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=The depression-like behavior induced by explosion shock wave and its preliminary mechanism in rat, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To observe the changes in depression-like behavior and cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus of rats with mild brain blast injury (mbTBI) caused by blast shock wave, and to explore the mechanism of neurological dysfunction caused by mbTBI. Methods 44 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and model group, 22 in each group. The rats in the model group were placed in a gridded iron cage, with the head facing the explosion center and fixed on the ground 15 m away from the explosion center in a fan shape. At the same time, the shock wave intensity at the location of the rats was detected. After the explosion, 7 rats in each group were randomly selected and fed in separate cages. Open field test and elevated plus maze test were used to evaluate the depression-like behavior of rats at 7, 14 and 28 d after exposure. The remaining rats in each group were randomly sacrificed at 7, 14 and 28 d after exposure. The hippocampus was removed and protein extracted. Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase A (PKA), cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB), phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and oncogenic protein c-FOS. Results After the explosion test, all the rats in the model group survived, but within 24 hours, they were apathetic, slow in action and poor in appetite. After 72 hours, the above symptoms gradually eased. There was no significant difference in body weight between the two groups at each time point (P>0.05). The results of behavioral experiments showed that compared with the control group, the total moving distance, the residence time in the central area, the number of times and the proportion of time entering the open arm of the model group were significantly reduced at 14 d after the explosion test (P<0.05). The results of Western blotting showed that compared with the control group, the expression levels of PKA, CREB, pCREB and BDNF protein in the model group were significantly decreased at 7, 14 and 28 d after explosion test (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of cAMP and c-FOS in the model group was significantly decreased at 7 and 14 d after the explosion test (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups at 28 d(P>0.05). Compared with 7 and 14 d after the explosion test, the expression levels of PKA, CREB and BDNF in the model group were significantly increased at 28 d after the test (P<0.05). Conclusion Single blast shock wave exposure can cause depression-like behavior changes in rats, which may be related to the down-regulation of the cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.

, correspAuthors=Jun-Hong Gao, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
* E-mail:
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目的 观察爆炸冲击波引起的轻度脑爆震伤(mbTBI)模型大鼠抑郁样行为改变及其海马中cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路变化,探讨mbTBI导致神经功能障碍的相关机制。方法 44只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和模型组,每组22只。模型组大鼠放入带网格的铁笼内,头部朝向爆心,呈扇形固定于距离爆心15 m的地面,同时检测大鼠布放位置的冲击波强度。爆炸结束后,每组随机选取7只大鼠分笼饲养,于暴露后7、14、28 d,分别采用旷场实验和高架十字迷宫实验评价大鼠的抑郁样行为;每组剩余大鼠分别于暴露后7、14、28 d各随机处死5只,取海马组织并提取蛋白,采用Western blotting检测环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)、蛋白激酶A(PKA)、环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白(CREB)、磷酸化CREB (p-CREB)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)及原癌蛋白c-FOS的相对表达量。结果 爆炸试验后模型组大鼠全部存活,但24 h内精神萎靡、行动迟缓、食欲差,72 h后上述症状逐渐缓解;两组大鼠各时间点的体重差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。行为学实验结果显示,与对照组比较,爆炸试验后14 d模型组大鼠的移动总距离、中央区域停留时间、进入开放臂的次数及时间占比均明显减少或降低(P<0.05);爆炸试验后28 d,两组大鼠中央区域停留时间、进入开放臂的次数占比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组比较,爆炸试验后7、14、28 d模型组大鼠海马组织PKA、CREB、p-CREB和BDNF蛋白表达量均明显降低(P<0.05);爆炸试验后7、14 d模型组大鼠海马组织cAMP、c-FOS表达量明显降低(P<0.05),而28 d时两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与爆炸试验后7、14 d比较,爆炸试验后28 d模型组大鼠海马组织PKA、CREB和BDNF表达量均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论 单次爆炸冲击波暴露可引起大鼠抑郁样行为,其机制可能与海马组织cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路下调有关。

, correspAuthors=高俊宏, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
高俊宏,E-mail:
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范小琳,医学硕士,工程师,主要从事武器装备生物毁伤评估方法的研究

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范小琳,医学硕士,工程师,主要从事武器装备生物毁伤评估方法的研究

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Comparison of weight of two groups of rats after the explosion experiment

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与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与7 d比较,(2)P<0.05;与14 d比较,(3)P<0.05

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OE%. 进入开放臂次数的占比;OT%. 进入开放臂时间的占比;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与7 d比较,(2)P<0.05;与14 d比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=0v26BN+6RkNiXNoIfWGfIw==, figureFileBig=ON/9IoB4RD1nEnzWVjp3gg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203005084536889509, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1202979641985299125, language=EN, label=Fig. 4, caption=The expressions of cAMP, PKA, CREB, p-CREB, c-FOS and BDNF in rat hippocampus after exposure to blast shock wave, figureFileSmall=H9oADl+U/HpYhFXrM/xwwQ==, figureFileBig=f+Z0RENFG8nv2/raVQaiRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203005084641747113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1202979641985299125, language=CN, label=图4, caption=爆炸冲击波暴露后大鼠海马组织cAMP、PKA、CREB、p-CREB、c-FOS及BDNF蛋白的表达

cAMP. 环磷酸腺苷;PKA. 蛋白激酶A;CREB. 环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白;p-CREB. 磷酸化CREB;BDNF. 脑源性神经营养因子;Tubulin. 微管蛋白;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与模型组7 d比较,(2)P<0.05;与模型组14 d比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=H9oADl+U/HpYhFXrM/xwwQ==, figureFileBig=f+Z0RENFG8nv2/raVQaiRQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1203005084729827498, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1202979641985299125, language=EN, label=Tab. 1, caption=

Test results of blast shock wave parameters

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
传感器编号压力峰值(kPa)正压持续时间(ms)比冲量(kPa.ms)
194.372.671.67×105
285.982.481.80×105
), ArticleFig(id=1203005084834685105, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1202979641985299125, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

模型组大鼠布放位置的冲击波参数测试结果

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
传感器编号压力峰值(kPa)正压持续时间(ms)比冲量(kPa.ms)
194.372.671.67×105
285.982.481.80×105
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爆炸冲击波致大鼠抑郁样行为及其初步机制
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范小琳 , 李亮 , 王鸿 , 刘进仁 , 马宁 , 卢青 , 王琪 , 高俊宏 *
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023,48(7): 784-789
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023, 48(7): 784-789
爆炸冲击波致大鼠抑郁样行为及其初步机制
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范小琳, 李亮, 王鸿, 刘进仁, 马宁, 卢青, 王琪, 高俊宏*
作者信息
  • 兵器工业卫生研究所生物效应技术研究室,陕西西安 710065
  • 范小琳,医学硕士,工程师,主要从事武器装备生物毁伤评估方法的研究

通讯作者:

高俊宏,E-mail:
The depression-like behavior induced by explosion shock wave and its preliminary mechanism in rat
Xiao-Lin Fan, Liang Li, Hong Wang, Jin-Ren Liu, Ning Ma, Qing Lu, Qi Wang, Jun-Hong Gao*
Affiliations
  • Biological Effects Technology Laboratory, Institute for Hygiene of Ordnance Industry, Xi'an, Shaanxi 710065, China
出版时间: 2023-07-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1188.2023.0223
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目的 观察爆炸冲击波引起的轻度脑爆震伤(mbTBI)模型大鼠抑郁样行为改变及其海马中cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路变化,探讨mbTBI导致神经功能障碍的相关机制。方法 44只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组和模型组,每组22只。模型组大鼠放入带网格的铁笼内,头部朝向爆心,呈扇形固定于距离爆心15 m的地面,同时检测大鼠布放位置的冲击波强度。爆炸结束后,每组随机选取7只大鼠分笼饲养,于暴露后7、14、28 d,分别采用旷场实验和高架十字迷宫实验评价大鼠的抑郁样行为;每组剩余大鼠分别于暴露后7、14、28 d各随机处死5只,取海马组织并提取蛋白,采用Western blotting检测环磷酸腺苷(cAMP)、蛋白激酶A(PKA)、环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白(CREB)、磷酸化CREB (p-CREB)、脑源性神经营养因子(BDNF)及原癌蛋白c-FOS的相对表达量。结果 爆炸试验后模型组大鼠全部存活,但24 h内精神萎靡、行动迟缓、食欲差,72 h后上述症状逐渐缓解;两组大鼠各时间点的体重差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。行为学实验结果显示,与对照组比较,爆炸试验后14 d模型组大鼠的移动总距离、中央区域停留时间、进入开放臂的次数及时间占比均明显减少或降低(P<0.05);爆炸试验后28 d,两组大鼠中央区域停留时间、进入开放臂的次数占比差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组比较,爆炸试验后7、14、28 d模型组大鼠海马组织PKA、CREB、p-CREB和BDNF蛋白表达量均明显降低(P<0.05);爆炸试验后7、14 d模型组大鼠海马组织cAMP、c-FOS表达量明显降低(P<0.05),而28 d时两组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与爆炸试验后7、14 d比较,爆炸试验后28 d模型组大鼠海马组织PKA、CREB和BDNF表达量均明显升高(P<0.05)。结论 单次爆炸冲击波暴露可引起大鼠抑郁样行为,其机制可能与海马组织cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路下调有关。

创伤性脑损伤  /  抑郁  /  cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF通路  /  海马  /  爆炸冲击波

Objective To observe the changes in depression-like behavior and cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway in the hippocampus of rats with mild brain blast injury (mbTBI) caused by blast shock wave, and to explore the mechanism of neurological dysfunction caused by mbTBI. Methods 44 male SD rats were randomly divided into control group and model group, 22 in each group. The rats in the model group were placed in a gridded iron cage, with the head facing the explosion center and fixed on the ground 15 m away from the explosion center in a fan shape. At the same time, the shock wave intensity at the location of the rats was detected. After the explosion, 7 rats in each group were randomly selected and fed in separate cages. Open field test and elevated plus maze test were used to evaluate the depression-like behavior of rats at 7, 14 and 28 d after exposure. The remaining rats in each group were randomly sacrificed at 7, 14 and 28 d after exposure. The hippocampus was removed and protein extracted. Western blotting was used to detect the relative expression of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), protein kinase A (PKA), cyclic adenosine monophosphate response element binding protein (CREB), phosphorylated CREB (p-CREB), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and oncogenic protein c-FOS. Results After the explosion test, all the rats in the model group survived, but within 24 hours, they were apathetic, slow in action and poor in appetite. After 72 hours, the above symptoms gradually eased. There was no significant difference in body weight between the two groups at each time point (P>0.05). The results of behavioral experiments showed that compared with the control group, the total moving distance, the residence time in the central area, the number of times and the proportion of time entering the open arm of the model group were significantly reduced at 14 d after the explosion test (P<0.05). The results of Western blotting showed that compared with the control group, the expression levels of PKA, CREB, pCREB and BDNF protein in the model group were significantly decreased at 7, 14 and 28 d after explosion test (P<0.05). Compared with the control group, the expression of cAMP and c-FOS in the model group was significantly decreased at 7 and 14 d after the explosion test (P<0.05), and there was no significant difference between the two groups at 28 d(P>0.05). Compared with 7 and 14 d after the explosion test, the expression levels of PKA, CREB and BDNF in the model group were significantly increased at 28 d after the test (P<0.05). Conclusion Single blast shock wave exposure can cause depression-like behavior changes in rats, which may be related to the down-regulation of the cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF signaling pathway.

traumatic brain injury  /  depression  /  cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF pathway  /  hippocampal  /  blast shock wave
范小琳, 李亮, 王鸿, 刘进仁, 马宁, 卢青, 王琪, 高俊宏. 爆炸冲击波致大鼠抑郁样行为及其初步机制. 解放军医学杂志, 2023 , 48 (7) : 784 -789 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1188.2023.0223
Xiao-Lin Fan, Liang Li, Hong Wang, Jin-Ren Liu, Ning Ma, Qing Lu, Qi Wang, Jun-Hong Gao. The depression-like behavior induced by explosion shock wave and its preliminary mechanism in rat[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2023 , 48 (7) : 784 -789 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1188.2023.0223
创伤性脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)是一种由外力造成的脑功能障碍。美国国防和退伍军人脑损伤中心统计的2001-2018年的383 947例TBI中,约1/3与爆炸事件相关[1-2]。一项2000-2016年的美国军人TBI调查结果显示,82.3%的TBI为轻度损伤[3-4],后者中约80%是由爆炸引起的,即轻度脑爆震伤(mild blast traumatic brain injury,mbTBI)[5]。被诊断为mbTBI的患者常发生创伤后应激障碍(posttraumatic stress disorder,PTSD)[6]。PTSD多伴有恐惧、焦虑或抑郁样行为变化,对护理人员、患者及其家庭与社会团体造成短期或长期的影响。环磷酸腺苷(cyclic adenosine monophosphate,cAMP)-蛋白激酶A(protein kinase A,PKA)-环磷腺苷效应元件结合蛋白(cAMP-response element binding protein,CREB)-脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)信号通路的激活与抑制对非爆炸因素型脑损伤引起的抑郁样行为的调控作用已有报道[7],但其是否也参与mbTBI引起的抑郁样行为的调控尚不明确。本研究采用实弹静爆方式建立大鼠mbTBI模型,观察mbTBI引起的大鼠抑郁样行为及海马cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路变化,探讨其神经功能障碍的潜在机制,以期为相关疾病的早期诊断和治疗提供新思路。
SPF级雄性SD大鼠44只,体重(220±20) g,购自斯贝福(北京)生物技术有限公司[实验动物生产许可证号:SCXK(京)2019-0010]。动物饲养环境:温度20~26 ℃,湿度40%~70%,光照/黑暗时间为12 h/12 h,普通饲料喂养。
44只SD大鼠随机分为对照组和冲击波暴露组,每组22只。试验前,将某型战斗部固定在距离地面2 m的弹架上,其静爆威力相当于150 kg TNT爆炸当量。将距爆心15 m设为本次试验动物的暴露位置。根据理论计算,距离爆心15 m处地面入射超压约为93 kPa。将大鼠放入带网格的笼具,头部朝向爆心,呈扇形固定在地面上。在大鼠布放位置处布设超压测试点2路。对照组放置于安全掩体内。动物实验严格遵守国际实验动物伦理学要求,研究方案经本实验室伦理委员会审查批准(IACUC202107)。
试验后观察大鼠的精神状态、进食与饮水量,对外界刺激的反应及体重变化等。
爆炸结束后,每组随机选取7只大鼠分笼饲养,于爆炸暴露后7、14、28 d分别进行旷场实验和高架十字迷宫测评。
采用立柱体旷场实验箱,底边长和宽均为50 cm,高40 cm,周壁为透明亚克力板,底面为白色木板。实验前将大鼠放入旷场实验箱内,适应3 min,适应结束后,使用TSE MCS-Locomotor Activity/Open Field实时视频行为学分析系统记录大鼠5 min内的运动情况。实验布置在暗室内进行,每次测试结束后,清理箱底的大鼠粪便和尿液,并用70%乙醇擦洗箱体地板和侧壁,防止上只大鼠余留气味影响下次实验结果。统计大鼠在箱体底板内的移动总距离和中央区域停留时间,以评估大鼠的自主活动能力和抑郁样情绪。
实验前,先将每只大鼠分别单独放进一个干净塑料盒子中,任其自由探索活动,5 min后将其放在高架十字迷宫中心区域,头部随机朝向一个开放臂,释放后采用ZH-DSG型正华高架视频分析系统V2.0记录5 min内大鼠进入开放臂的次数(OE),进入封闭臂的次数(CE),进入开放臂的时间(OT)和进入封闭臂的时间(CT)。根据OE、OT、CE、CT分别计算进入开放臂次数的占比(OE%)和进入开放臂时间的占比(OT%)。OE%=OE/(OE+CE)×100%。OT%=OT/(OT+CT)×100%。以OE%和OT%作为抑郁的评定指标。
暴露后7、14、28 d 每组分别随机选取5只大鼠,腹腔注射2%戊巴比妥钠(50 mg/kg)麻醉后处死;取出海马组织,生理盐水清洗后置于含蛋白酶抑制剂的RIPA裂解缓冲液中低温匀浆,4 ℃下15 000 r/min离心10 min,取上清。采用BCA蛋白定量试剂盒[翌圣生物科技(上海)股份有限公司]测定样本蛋白浓度后加入4倍样本缓冲液,100 ℃变性5 min。取20 μg样本行SDS聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳(60 V,3 h),然后电转至PVDF膜上(300 mA,1 h),5%脱脂奶粉封闭60 min后,与兔抗cAMP多克隆抗体(1∶20 000稀释;Abcam,MA,USA)、兔抗PKA(1∶2000稀释;CST,USA)、CREB (1∶2000稀释;CST,USA)、p-CREB(1∶2000稀释;CST,USA)、BDNF(1∶2000稀释;Abcam,MA,USA)、c-FOS单克隆抗体(1∶2000稀释;CST,USA)4 ℃孵育过夜,TBST冲洗5 min×5次,加入辣根过氧化物酶标记的羊抗兔二抗(1∶5000),室温振荡孵育1 h,TBST冲洗5 min×5次,ECL显色,应用Tanon5200凝胶成像系统获取图像。采用微管蛋白(Tubulin)作为内参蛋白。
采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析。各组数据符合正态分布时以$\bar{x}±s$表示,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检验,重复测量资料的比较采用重复测量方差分析。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
爆炸试验结束后,对大鼠布放位置的2路压力传感器数据进行分析显示,模型组大鼠布放位置的超压平均值为90.18 kPa,持续时间2.58 ms(表1)。
模型组大鼠爆炸试验后全部存活,与对照组比较,均出现呼吸节律变化,表现为短暂的呼吸深慢、呼吸暂停,短时间后逐渐加快,暴露后24 h内精神萎靡、行动迟缓、食欲差;72 h后上述症状逐渐缓解、消失。对照组和模型组大鼠的体重随时间推移均呈增加趋势,且各时间点两组体重差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05,图1)。
与对照组比较,模型组暴露后14 d的移动总距离、中央区域停留时间均明显减少(P<0.05);暴露后28 d,两组中央区域停留时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,图2)。
与对照组比较,模型组OE%值于暴露后7、14 d均明显降低(P<0.05),28 d差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);模型组OT%值7、14、28 d均明显降低(P<0.05,图3)。
Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组比较,模型组PKA、CREB、p-CREB和BDNF相对表达量在爆炸冲击波暴露后7、14、28 d均明显降低(P<0.05);模型组cAMP、c-FOS表达量在暴露后7、14 d均明显降低(P<0.05),28 d差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与暴露后7、14 d比较,暴露后28 d模型组PKA、CREB和BDNF蛋白表达量均明显升高(P<0.05,图4)。
mbTBI接受治疗后大多预后良好,但常因其无明显外部损伤、症状轻或发生迟缓,不易确诊而错失最佳治疗时机[8-9]。部分mbTBI会有多种短期和长期的后遗症,如脑震荡后综合征、创伤后头痛、癫痫、眩晕、抑郁,以及慢性创伤性脑病等[10-14],是神经退行性疾病发展的潜在危险因素。然而,由原发性爆炸冲击波引起TBI神经功能障碍的机制尚不完全清楚。因此,本研究利用实弹静爆试验建立大鼠mbTBI模型,同时测得模型大鼠布放位置处的冲击波超压均值为90.18 kPa,持续时间2.58 ms,与文献报道的mbTBI模型所需冲击波参数基本一致,同时参考大鼠试验后出现的异常行为,提示本研究建立的mbTBI模型具有可信性[5]
旷场实验和高架十字迷宫实验均是利用动物对新环境的探索特性和恐惧心理来评估其探索行为、自主行为及紧张度。其中,高架十字迷宫实验是业内普遍认可的动物焦虑样行为学评估方案。本研究结果显示,与对照组比较,模型组大鼠暴露后14 d运动总距离、中央区停留时间、进入开放臂的次数和时间占比均明显降低,暴露后28 d抑郁样行为趋于正常,提示单次冲击波暴露可引起大鼠mbTBI,其抑郁样行为改变主要发生在暴露后14 d,之后逐渐恢复。
研究显示,cAMP-PKA-CREB信号通路在保护神经元和维持学习和记忆功能方面发挥着重要作用;cAMP作为细胞中的第二信使,可与PKA结合调节基因转录并参与学习和记忆的形成过程,其下游即时基因如c-FOS的表达由第二信使快速诱导,在海马体依赖性学习和记忆中起关键作用[15-17]。CREB是调节突触可塑性和长期电位的重要分子开关,突触前神经末梢向相关受体释放神经递质,并在一些神经细胞受到刺激时在突触后膜中合成cAMP,然后激活PKA刺激CREB磷酸化,改变细胞膜对离子的通透性[18-19]。BDNF在大脑中合成,广泛分布于神经系统特别是中枢神经系统,对中枢神经细胞的生长、生存和分化具有重要作用;神经元暴露于BDNF可刺激CREB的磷酸化[20]。CREB和BDNF除对学习、记忆具有重要调控作用外,在抑郁信号调节通路中也发挥着重要作用[21],如有研究发现细胞内cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路在抗抑郁治疗一段时间后可被激活[22]。动物实验也显示,cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路与抑郁样行为的调控有关[23-24]。王凯新等[7]用诺卡酮干预慢性不可预知应激模型小鼠抑郁样行为时发现,小鼠抑郁样行为改善与海马组织中cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号的激活相关。Wu等[25]的研究显示,抑郁症的发病及一些抗抑郁药物均涉及PKA-CREB通路的调控,该通路激活或被抑制可明显调控BDNF的表达活性;Duman等[26]也发现BDNF是可用于抑郁症诊断及疗效判断的重要标志蛋白。本研究结果显示,大鼠海马组织中cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路相关蛋白表达水平在单次冲击波暴露后均呈下调趋势;其中BDNF的变化趋势与cAMP- PKA-CREB通路的变化趋势一致,在暴露后14 d显著下调,在暴露后28 d,随着cAMP- PKA- CREB通路相关蛋白的上调,BDNF的表达水平均趋于正常,提示大鼠进入损伤恢复期;这一变化过程和大鼠的抑郁症状变化趋势基本一致。
综上所述,本试验利用实弹爆炸成功建立了大鼠mbTBI模型并观察了损伤后大鼠抑郁样行为和海马组织中cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路的变化情况,结果显示,单次爆炸冲击波暴露后大鼠可出现抑郁样行为,同时海马组织中cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路受到抑制,但暴露后28 d抑郁症状和cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路相关蛋白表达水平均逐渐恢复正常。由于本研究仅动态观察了暴露后不同时点大鼠抑郁症状和cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路相关蛋白的变化,因此仅能推测mbTBI致抑郁样行为的变化可能与cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路相关蛋白表达水平的下调有关。今后应进一步对cAMP-PKA-CREB-BDNF信号通路的激活与抑制进行人为干预并观察抑郁症状的相应变化。
  • 军委科技委国防基础加强项目(JCJQ-2020-01)
  • 军委科技委国防基础加强项目(JCJQ-2020-03)
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2023年第48卷第7期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1188.2023.0223
  • 接收时间:2022-05-25
  • 首发时间:2025-12-03
  • 出版时间:2023-07-28
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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-25
  • 录用日期:2022-07-30
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Technical Field Fund Project of CMC Science and Technology Commission(JCJQ-2020-01)
军委科技委国防基础加强项目(JCJQ-2020-01)
Technical Field Fund Project of CMC Science and Technology Commission(JCJQ-2020-03)
军委科技委国防基础加强项目(JCJQ-2020-03)
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    兵器工业卫生研究所生物效应技术研究室,陕西西安 710065

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高俊宏,E-mail:
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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