Article(id=1200026651712127915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200026645001241395, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1790.2023.0619, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1661875200000, receivedDateStr=2022-08-31, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1676822400000, acceptedDateStr=2023-02-20, onlineDate=1764038249184, onlineDateStr=2025-11-25, pubDate=1693152000000, pubDateStr=2023-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764038249184, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764038249184, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764038249184, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200026645001241395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2023', volume='48', issue='8', pageStart='871', pageEnd='992', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1764038247584, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764038741950, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200028718564474883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200026645001241395, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200028718564474884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200026645001241395, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=950, endPage=956, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200026652039283656, articleId=1200026651712127915, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Analysis of ultrasonographic characteristics of endometrium during ovulation in women of childbearing age by transvaginal ultrasound combined with MV-Flow imaging, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To explore the clinical application value of transvaginal ultrasound combined with the micro-vascular flow (MV-Flow) imaging in analyzing the ultrasound characteristics of endometrium during ovulation in women of childbearing age. Methods A total of 74 women of childbearing age who underwent transvaginal gynecological ultrasound examination in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from May 2022 to July 2022 were selected. Among them, aged 22-48 (34.4±5.0) years, including 35 women ≥35 years old in the elderly group and 39 women <35 years old in the younger group. All patients with clinically diagnosed of infertility were divided into infertility group (27 cases) and healthy control group (47 cases). On the day of ovulation, the endometrial thickness, peristalsis score, volume of endometrium, pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of uterine spiral artery, PI and RI of bilateral uterine arteries, three-dimensional energy doppler flow parameters [blood flow index (FI), vascularization index (VI), vascular blood flow index (VFI)] and endometrial microvascular bleeding vascularization index (VIMV) were measured by the transvaginal ultrasound. The above ultrasonic indexes were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the history of infertility between the younger group and the older group (P>0.05). The RI of uterine spiral artery in the younger group was lower than that in the older group, while the three-dimensional energy doppler flow parameters (VI, FI, VFI) and the VIMV of endometrium in the younger group were significantly higher than those in the older group. There was no significant difference in age stratification between infertility group and healthy control group (P>0.05). The endometrial thickness, endometrial peristalsis score, endometrial volume, endometrial three-dimensional energy doppler flow parameters (VI, FI, VFI) and the VIMV in inferbility group were significantly lower than those in healthy control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Transvaginal ultrasound indicators can evaluate the endometrium characteristics of women of childbearing age during ovulation to some extent, especially, VIMV can quantitatively analyze the microblood perfusion of endometrium.

, correspAuthors=Hong Xu, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 探讨经阴道超声结合微血管血流(MV-Flow)成像技术在育龄期女性排卵期子宫内膜超声特点分析中的应用价值。方法 选取2022年5-7月在解放军总医院第一医学中心超声诊断科行经阴道妇科超声检查的74例育龄期女性,年龄22~48(34.4±5.0)岁,其中≥35岁的高龄组女性35例,<35岁的低龄组女性39例。根据是否临床诊断为不孕分为不孕组(n=27)与健康对照组(n=47)。于患者排卵日利用经阴道超声测量子宫内膜的厚度、蠕动性评分及容积,子宫螺旋动脉的搏动指数(PI)和阻力指数(RI),双侧子宫动脉的PI和RI,三维能量多普勒血流参数[血流指数(FI)、血管化指数(VI)、血管化血流指数(VFI)]及内膜微血流血管化指数(VIMV)并进行组间比较。结果 低龄组与高龄组的不孕病史差异无统计学意义(P=0.281)。低龄组子宫螺旋动脉RI低于高龄组(P<0.05),而内膜三维能量多普勒血流参数(VI、FI、VFI)及内膜VIMV均明显高于高龄组(P<0.05)。不孕组与健康对照组年龄分层差异无统计学意义(P=0.281)。不孕组子宫内膜的厚度、蠕动性评分、容积、三维能量多普勒血流参数(VI、FI、VFI)及VIMV均明显低于健康对照组(P<0.05)。结论 经阴道超声检查可在一定程度上评估育龄期女性排卵期子宫内膜的特点,尤其VIMV可定量分析子宫内膜的微血流灌注情况。

, correspAuthors=徐虹, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
徐虹,E-mail:
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宋梦洁,硕士研究生,主要从事妇产超声等方面的研究

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Chin J Med Ultrasound (Electr Ed), 2020, 17(2): 103-107., articleTitle=Multimodal ultrasound evaluation of endometrial receptivity, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200026663611367801, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=17, issue=2, pageStart=103, pageEnd=107, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=31, authorNames=徐子宁, 彭成忠, 吕亚儿, journalName=中华医学超声杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=徐子宁, 彭成忠, 吕亚儿, 等. 子宫内膜容受性的多模态超声评估[J/CD]. 中华医学超声杂志(电子版), 2020, 17(2): 103-107., articleTitle=子宫内膜容受性的多模态超声评估, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1200026658657894620, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, awardId=22JSZ11, language=EN, fundingSource=Military Family Planning Project(22JSZ11), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1200026658821472484, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, awardId=22JSZ11, language=CN, fundingSource=军队计生课题(22JSZ11), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200026654102880275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200026654111268884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, companyId=1200026654102880275, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Chinese PLA Medical College, Beijing 100853, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200026654115463189, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, companyId=1200026654102880275, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1解放军医学院,北京 100853)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200026654195154972, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200026654199349277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, companyId=1200026654195154972, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200026654207737886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, companyId=1200026654195154972, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2解放军总医院第一医学中心超声诊断科,北京 100853)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1200026656615268524, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Three-dimensional energy Doppler blood flow parameters and VIMV ultrasound images of endometrium in different age groups of women with childbearing age, figureFileSmall=50+EFIFi6k2XoPFMUi3t/Q==, figureFileBig=3eR9nSu6c7LJhyhHIY3tTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200026656715931825, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, language=CN, label=图1, caption=不同年龄组育龄期女性子宫内膜的三维能量多普勒血流参数和VIMV超声影像图, figureFileSmall=50+EFIFi6k2XoPFMUi3t/Q==, figureFileBig=3eR9nSu6c7LJhyhHIY3tTw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200026656925647039, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Three-dimensional energy Doppler blood flow parameters and VIMV ultrasound images of endometrium in infertility group and healthy control group, figureFileSmall=rNFgs6eRgX/W4ml7KfPEng==, figureFileBig=IFuXnxReeL1DpvxN8HRogQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200026657005338819, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, language=CN, label=图2, caption=不孕组与健康对照组育龄期女性内膜的三维能量多普勒血流参数和VIMV超声影像图, figureFileSmall=rNFgs6eRgX/W4ml7KfPEng==, figureFileBig=IFuXnxReeL1DpvxN8HRogQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200026657101807812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of ultrasound evaluation indexes of endometrial in women of childbearing age in different age groups

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指标低龄组(n=39)高龄组(n=35)χ2/Z/tP
不孕史[例(%)]12(30.8)15(42.9)1.1630.281
内膜厚度[cm, M(Q1, Q3)]0.9(0.7, 1.1)0.8(0.6, 1.0)-0.8880.375
内膜蠕动性评分[例(%)]1.7320.188
1分13(30.2)14(45.2)
2分30(69.8)17(54.8)
内膜容积[ml, M(Q1, Q3)]3.12(1.60, 5.07)3.22(2.17, 4.22)-0.1730.862
右侧子宫动脉PI($\bar{x}±s$)2.34±0.442.25±0.480.7900.432
右侧子宫动脉RI($\bar{x}±s$)0.83±0.0480.82±0.570.7960.428
左侧子宫动脉PI($\bar{x}±s$)2.27±0.482.34±0.57-0.5980.552
左侧子宫动脉RI[M(Q1, Q3)]0.84(0.78, 0.86)0.84(0.82, 0.88)-0.8250.410
螺旋动脉PI[M(Q1, Q3)]1.15(0.95, 1.46)1.42(1.08, 1.61)-1.7600.078
螺旋动脉RI($\bar{x}±s$)0.66±0.090.71±0.09-2.1980.031
三维能量多普勒血流参数
VI[M(Q1, Q3)]20.90(8.36, 32.29)10.67(3.08, 19.03)-3.0100.003
FI($\bar{x}±s$)27.51±7.4822.43±11.792.1800.033
VFI[M(Q1, Q3)]5.32(1.79, 10.84)2.37(0.43, 5.12)-2.7830.005
内膜VIMV[M(Q1, Q3)]13.98(5.40, 20.58)7.23(3.03, 14.08)-2.8150.005
), ArticleFig(id=1200026657194082505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

不同年龄组育龄期女性子宫内膜超声评价指标的比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标低龄组(n=39)高龄组(n=35)χ2/Z/tP
不孕史[例(%)]12(30.8)15(42.9)1.1630.281
内膜厚度[cm, M(Q1, Q3)]0.9(0.7, 1.1)0.8(0.6, 1.0)-0.8880.375
内膜蠕动性评分[例(%)]1.7320.188
1分13(30.2)14(45.2)
2分30(69.8)17(54.8)
内膜容积[ml, M(Q1, Q3)]3.12(1.60, 5.07)3.22(2.17, 4.22)-0.1730.862
右侧子宫动脉PI($\bar{x}±s$)2.34±0.442.25±0.480.7900.432
右侧子宫动脉RI($\bar{x}±s$)0.83±0.0480.82±0.570.7960.428
左侧子宫动脉PI($\bar{x}±s$)2.27±0.482.34±0.57-0.5980.552
左侧子宫动脉RI[M(Q1, Q3)]0.84(0.78, 0.86)0.84(0.82, 0.88)-0.8250.410
螺旋动脉PI[M(Q1, Q3)]1.15(0.95, 1.46)1.42(1.08, 1.61)-1.7600.078
螺旋动脉RI($\bar{x}±s$)0.66±0.090.71±0.09-2.1980.031
三维能量多普勒血流参数
VI[M(Q1, Q3)]20.90(8.36, 32.29)10.67(3.08, 19.03)-3.0100.003
FI($\bar{x}±s$)27.51±7.4822.43±11.792.1800.033
VFI[M(Q1, Q3)]5.32(1.79, 10.84)2.37(0.43, 5.12)-2.7830.005
内膜VIMV[M(Q1, Q3)]13.98(5.40, 20.58)7.23(3.03, 14.08)-2.8150.005
), ArticleFig(id=1200026657311523022, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of endometrial ultrasound evaluation indexes between infertility group and healthy control group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目健康对照组(n=47)不孕组(n=27)χ2/Z/tP
年龄[例(%)]1.1630.281
<35岁27(57.4)12(44.4)
≥35岁20(42.6)15(55.6)
内膜厚度[cm, M(Q1, Q3)]0.9(0.7, 1.0)0.7(0.5, 0.9)-2.8030.005
内膜蠕动性评分[例(%)]12.8590.000
1分10(21.3)17(63.0)
2分37(78.7)10(37.0)
内膜容积[ml, M(Q1, Q3)]3.88(2.42, 5.12)2.51(1.82, 3.30)-2.9810.003
右侧子宫动脉PI($\bar{x}±s$)2.25±0.462.38±0.46-1.1240.265
右侧子宫动脉RI($\bar{x}±s$)0.83±0.050.84±0.06-0.7800.438
左侧子宫动脉PI($\bar{x}±s$)2.25±0.512.38±0.55-1.0570.294
左侧子宫动脉RI[M(Q1, Q3)]0.83(0.78, 0.86)0.85(0.80, 0.85)-1.0350.300
螺旋动脉PI[M(Q1, Q3)]1.37(0.97, 1.61)1.21(1.04, 1.55)-0.0900.928
螺旋动脉RI($\bar{x}±s$)0.68±0.090.69±0.10-0.4930.624
三维能量多普勒血流参数
VI[M(Q1, Q3)]17.17(5.49, 26.33)7.71(0.82, 16.97)-2.0160.044
FI($\bar{x}±s$)27.14±8.8221.57±11.132.3760.020
VFI[M(Q1, Q3)]4.17(1.23, 7.71)1.41(0.09, 4.14)-1.9930.046
内膜VIMV[M(Q1, Q3)]12.32(5.09, 19.27)5.64(1.33, 13.19)-2.4530.014
), ArticleFig(id=1200026658494316758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651712127915, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不孕组与健康对照组育龄期女性子宫内膜超声评价指标的比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目健康对照组(n=47)不孕组(n=27)χ2/Z/tP
年龄[例(%)]1.1630.281
<35岁27(57.4)12(44.4)
≥35岁20(42.6)15(55.6)
内膜厚度[cm, M(Q1, Q3)]0.9(0.7, 1.0)0.7(0.5, 0.9)-2.8030.005
内膜蠕动性评分[例(%)]12.8590.000
1分10(21.3)17(63.0)
2分37(78.7)10(37.0)
内膜容积[ml, M(Q1, Q3)]3.88(2.42, 5.12)2.51(1.82, 3.30)-2.9810.003
右侧子宫动脉PI($\bar{x}±s$)2.25±0.462.38±0.46-1.1240.265
右侧子宫动脉RI($\bar{x}±s$)0.83±0.050.84±0.06-0.7800.438
左侧子宫动脉PI($\bar{x}±s$)2.25±0.512.38±0.55-1.0570.294
左侧子宫动脉RI[M(Q1, Q3)]0.83(0.78, 0.86)0.85(0.80, 0.85)-1.0350.300
螺旋动脉PI[M(Q1, Q3)]1.37(0.97, 1.61)1.21(1.04, 1.55)-0.0900.928
螺旋动脉RI($\bar{x}±s$)0.68±0.090.69±0.10-0.4930.624
三维能量多普勒血流参数
VI[M(Q1, Q3)]17.17(5.49, 26.33)7.71(0.82, 16.97)-2.0160.044
FI($\bar{x}±s$)27.14±8.8221.57±11.132.3760.020
VFI[M(Q1, Q3)]4.17(1.23, 7.71)1.41(0.09, 4.14)-1.9930.046
内膜VIMV[M(Q1, Q3)]12.32(5.09, 19.27)5.64(1.33, 13.19)-2.4530.014
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经阴道超声结合MV-Flow成像技术在育龄期女性排卵期子宫内膜超声特点分析中的作用
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宋梦洁 1, 2 , 汪龙霞 1, 2 , 徐虹 1, 2, *
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2023,48(8): 950-956
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解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2023, 48(8): 950-956
经阴道超声结合MV-Flow成像技术在育龄期女性排卵期子宫内膜超声特点分析中的作用
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宋梦洁1, 2, 汪龙霞1, 2, 徐虹1, 2, *
作者信息
  • 1解放军医学院,北京 100853
  • 2解放军总医院第一医学中心超声诊断科,北京 100853
  • 宋梦洁,硕士研究生,主要从事妇产超声等方面的研究

通讯作者:

徐虹,E-mail:
Analysis of ultrasonographic characteristics of endometrium during ovulation in women of childbearing age by transvaginal ultrasound combined with MV-Flow imaging
Meng-Jie Song1, 2, Long-Xia Wang1, 2, Hong Xu1, 2, *
Affiliations
  • 1Chinese PLA Medical College, Beijing 100853, China
  • 2Department of Ultrasound Diagnosis, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
出版时间: 2023-08-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1790.2023.0619
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目的 探讨经阴道超声结合微血管血流(MV-Flow)成像技术在育龄期女性排卵期子宫内膜超声特点分析中的应用价值。方法 选取2022年5-7月在解放军总医院第一医学中心超声诊断科行经阴道妇科超声检查的74例育龄期女性,年龄22~48(34.4±5.0)岁,其中≥35岁的高龄组女性35例,<35岁的低龄组女性39例。根据是否临床诊断为不孕分为不孕组(n=27)与健康对照组(n=47)。于患者排卵日利用经阴道超声测量子宫内膜的厚度、蠕动性评分及容积,子宫螺旋动脉的搏动指数(PI)和阻力指数(RI),双侧子宫动脉的PI和RI,三维能量多普勒血流参数[血流指数(FI)、血管化指数(VI)、血管化血流指数(VFI)]及内膜微血流血管化指数(VIMV)并进行组间比较。结果 低龄组与高龄组的不孕病史差异无统计学意义(P=0.281)。低龄组子宫螺旋动脉RI低于高龄组(P<0.05),而内膜三维能量多普勒血流参数(VI、FI、VFI)及内膜VIMV均明显高于高龄组(P<0.05)。不孕组与健康对照组年龄分层差异无统计学意义(P=0.281)。不孕组子宫内膜的厚度、蠕动性评分、容积、三维能量多普勒血流参数(VI、FI、VFI)及VIMV均明显低于健康对照组(P<0.05)。结论 经阴道超声检查可在一定程度上评估育龄期女性排卵期子宫内膜的特点,尤其VIMV可定量分析子宫内膜的微血流灌注情况。

微血流成像  /  微血管血流  /  育龄期  /  三维能量多普勒

Objective To explore the clinical application value of transvaginal ultrasound combined with the micro-vascular flow (MV-Flow) imaging in analyzing the ultrasound characteristics of endometrium during ovulation in women of childbearing age. Methods A total of 74 women of childbearing age who underwent transvaginal gynecological ultrasound examination in the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from May 2022 to July 2022 were selected. Among them, aged 22-48 (34.4±5.0) years, including 35 women ≥35 years old in the elderly group and 39 women <35 years old in the younger group. All patients with clinically diagnosed of infertility were divided into infertility group (27 cases) and healthy control group (47 cases). On the day of ovulation, the endometrial thickness, peristalsis score, volume of endometrium, pulsatility index (PI) and resistance index (RI) of uterine spiral artery, PI and RI of bilateral uterine arteries, three-dimensional energy doppler flow parameters [blood flow index (FI), vascularization index (VI), vascular blood flow index (VFI)] and endometrial microvascular bleeding vascularization index (VIMV) were measured by the transvaginal ultrasound. The above ultrasonic indexes were compared and analyzed between the two groups. Results There was no significant difference in the history of infertility between the younger group and the older group (P>0.05). The RI of uterine spiral artery in the younger group was lower than that in the older group, while the three-dimensional energy doppler flow parameters (VI, FI, VFI) and the VIMV of endometrium in the younger group were significantly higher than those in the older group. There was no significant difference in age stratification between infertility group and healthy control group (P>0.05). The endometrial thickness, endometrial peristalsis score, endometrial volume, endometrial three-dimensional energy doppler flow parameters (VI, FI, VFI) and the VIMV in inferbility group were significantly lower than those in healthy control group (P<0.05). Conclusion Transvaginal ultrasound indicators can evaluate the endometrium characteristics of women of childbearing age during ovulation to some extent, especially, VIMV can quantitatively analyze the microblood perfusion of endometrium.

micro-blood flow imaging  /  micro-vascular flow  /  childbearing period  /  three-dimensional energy doppler
宋梦洁, 汪龙霞, 徐虹. 经阴道超声结合MV-Flow成像技术在育龄期女性排卵期子宫内膜超声特点分析中的作用. 解放军医学杂志, 2023 , 48 (8) : 950 -956 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1790.2023.0619
Meng-Jie Song, Long-Xia Wang, Hong Xu. Analysis of ultrasonographic characteristics of endometrium during ovulation in women of childbearing age by transvaginal ultrasound combined with MV-Flow imaging[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2023 , 48 (8) : 950 -956 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1790.2023.0619
我国二孩、三孩生育政策已相继实施,但近年来不孕不育的发生率逐年增高,提高妊娠成功率已成为妇产科医学研究的重点[1-2]。子宫内膜血流灌注情况是妊娠结局的重要影响因素之一[13],既往二维超声血流信号因无法显示微小血流而不够准确,二维能量多普勒技术不能立体显示内膜微血流情况,而三维能量多普勒技术要求高、操作复杂,因此,临床亟须寻找一种可通过二维超声动态扫查直观观察内膜立体微血流的新技术。超声超微血流技术[即微血管血流(micro-vascular flow,MV-Flow)技术和Lumi Flow技术]是最新开发的一种采用先进的杂波滤波器并使用时空相干信息技术对极低速微细血管化结构和血管连接进行可视化的多普勒技术[3-5]。本研究应用MV-Flow成像技术观察了育龄期女性子宫内膜微血流灌注的特点,并分析了其临床应用价值。
选取2022年5-7月在解放军总医院第一医学中心超声诊断科行经阴道妇科超声检查的育龄期女性共74例进行回顾性分析。研究对象的年龄为22~48(34.4±5.0)岁,其中≥35岁的高龄组35例,<35岁的低龄组39例。以是否临床诊断为不孕分为不孕组(n=27)与健康对照组(n=47)。本研究已获解放军总医院第一医学中心伦理委员会审批(伦审第S2021-691-01号),且已在中国临床试验注册中心注册(ChiCTR2200060114)。
纳入标准如下。(1)不孕组:①未采取避孕措施,有规律的性生活至少12个月未能获得临床妊娠的女性患者(且非男方因素);②年龄22~48岁。(2)健康对照组:①正常健康体检女性(产后1~7年且恢复正常月经周期半年以上);②年龄22~48岁。排除标准:(1)子宫畸形;(2)急性生殖道炎症、子宫内膜粘连或有粘连分解术史;(3)子宫内膜息肉、子宫内膜异位症、子宫及附件肿块等;(4)高血压病;(5)自身免疫性疾病;(6)多囊卵巢综合征、高泌乳素综合征、糖尿病、甲状腺功能异常等内分泌疾病等。
采用三星麦迪逊超声诊断仪HERA W10(国械注进20192060548,50/60 Hz),以5~9 MHz腔内探头进行检查。所有受试者在排卵日进行经阴道妇科超声检查,采取膀胱截石位,排空膀胱后行经阴道超声成像扫查。所有受试者由同一位工作经验满5年的超声科医师采用设置相同且图像尽量清晰的同一台仪器进行检测。
(1)内膜厚度:在标准切面测量子宫内膜厚度(指内膜基底层与肌层交界处前壁到后壁之间的最大距离,一般取正中矢状切面的内膜最大前后径[4]),规范测量3次,结果取平均值。(2)内膜蠕动性评分:子宫内膜本身不具有运动功能,内膜蠕动性或内膜运动在本质上反映的是子宫平滑肌运动(自发收缩、舒张的间断状态)[6-7]。一般通过经阴道超声观察其蠕动性,根据频率分为2分(内膜每分钟有1~2次“蠕动波”)和1分(内膜每分钟有0次或3~5次“蠕动波”)[6]。观察3个1 min取平均值。(3)内膜容积:取内膜显示清晰的子宫正中矢状面,启动仪器的3D功能键,将内膜完全包括于取样框内,获取并存储三维容积数据,应用VOCAL分析软件,采用手动勾勒、A平面、设置每切面间隔18°,逐个切面进行子宫内膜手动描迹勾勒,完成10个切面,系统可自动得出子宫内膜容积。(4)子宫动脉血流参数:于宫颈内口水平借助彩色多普勒超声于宫颈外侧显示两侧子宫动脉,启动脉冲多普勒超声功能,显示连续5个以上心动周期频谱,选择合适的取样框及取样线角度(≤60°),分别测量左右侧子宫动脉各参数,包括搏动指数(pulsatility index,PI)和阻力指数(resistance index,RI),均测量3次,结果取平均值。(5)子宫螺旋动脉血流参数:取子宫正中矢状面,子宫内膜显示清晰后,启动彩色多普勒超声,选择与声束尽可能平行的血流束,启动脉冲多普勒超声功能,显示连续5个以上心动周期频谱,选择合适的取样框及取样角度(≤60°),测量PI及RI值,均测量3次,结果取平均值。(6)内膜区域血流:①三维能量多普勒血管化指数(vascularization index,VI)、血流指数(flow index,FI)和血管化血流指数(vascularization flow index,VFI)值:取子宫正中矢状面,子宫内膜显示清晰后,启动仪器的PD和3D功能键,将内膜完全包括于取样框内,获取并存储三维能量多普勒数据,应用VOCAL及三维能量直方图分析软件,采用手动勾勒、A平面、设置每切面间隔18°,逐个切面进行子宫内膜手动描迹勾勒,完成10个切面,系统自动得出单位容积内内膜血流的FI、VI和VFI,测量3次,结果取平均值。②微血流成像:取子宫正中矢状面,子宫内膜显示清晰后,启动仪器的MV-Flow功能键,探头左右摆动时(两侧宫角同时消失在同一水平面)动态留取子宫内膜纵切面微血流图像,根据留取动态图像帧频大小每隔5~10帧手动描迹勾画一次单位面积内膜VI,共测量7~12次,结果取平均值,勾画计算单位面积内膜的微血流血管化指数(microvascular bleeding vascularization index,VIMV)。
采用SPSS 26.0软件(SPSS Inc.,Chicago,Illinois)进行统计分析。对所有计量资料进行正态性检验,符合正态分布的计量资料以$\bar{x}±s$表示,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验;非正态分布的计量资料以M(Q1Q3)表示,两组间比较采用非参数检验。计数资料以例(%)表示,两组间比较采用χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
低龄组与高龄组女性有无不孕病史、内膜厚度、内膜蠕动性评分、内膜容积、子宫动脉血流参数(PI、RI),以及子宫螺旋动脉PI比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),但低龄组女性的子宫螺旋动脉RI值小于高龄组(P=0.031),而子宫内膜三维能量多普勒血流参数(VI、FI和VFI值)及VIMV值均大于高龄组(P<0.05)(表1)。超声影像结果显示,低龄组女性的内膜三维能量多普勒血流参数(VI、FI、VFI值)及VIMV值均高于高龄组(图1)。
不孕组与健康对照组育龄期女性的年龄分层、子宫动脉血流参数(PI、RI)及螺旋动脉血流参数(PI、RI)比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05),但健康对照组育龄期女性子宫内膜厚度、内膜蠕动性评分、内膜容积、三维能量多普勒血流参数(VI、FI、VFI)及VIMV均高于不孕组(P<0.05)(表2)。超声影像结果显示,健康对照组女性的内膜三维能量多普勒血流参数(VI、FI、VFI值)及VIMV值均高于不孕组(图2)。
随着不健康的饮食和生活方式、环境污染、手机和电脑辐射,以及晚婚晚孕等因素的影响,我国不孕症的发生率越来越高[1]。提高出生率及人口质量的前提条件之一是提高妊娠成功率[8],而影响妊娠结局的重要因素包括子宫内膜的厚度及血流灌注状态等[3],但目前尚无评价子宫内膜特点的统一指标。子宫内膜病理学活检技术通常被认为是评价子宫内膜的金标准,但因其有创性在临床应用时受到限制。超声评估子宫内膜特征的临床应用范围较广,可测量内膜厚度、内膜蠕动性评分、内膜容积、子宫内膜区域血流等,且有研究认为内膜区域血流更为重要,与妊娠结局密切相关[39]
有文献报道,子宫内膜厚度可反映内膜的功能状态[10],适当厚度的内膜是胚胎着床的必需条件,内膜厚度适宜有利于妊娠,过薄容易着床失败[11]。本研究中健康对照组育龄期女性的子宫内膜厚度大于不孕组,提示内膜厚度可评价育龄期不孕症女性的内膜特点,但不同年龄组育龄期女性的子宫内膜厚度不能反映其内膜特点。
子宫内膜本身不具有运动功能,而内膜蠕动性或内膜运动在本质上反映子宫平滑肌自发收缩、舒张运动的间断状态[6-7]。有研究发现,内膜运动可有效预测辅助生殖技术的妊娠结局,子宫内膜蠕动2分者较1分者着床成功率更高[10]。本研究发现,健康对照组育龄期女性的子宫内膜蠕动性评分优于不孕组,与既往研究结果一致,提示内膜蠕动性评分可评价育龄期不孕症女性的内膜特点,但不同年龄组的子宫内膜蠕动性评分不能反映其内膜特点。
子宫内膜容积作为评估妊娠结局的重要指标之一,其测量相对容易,且具有较好的可重复性和准确性。子宫内膜容积较小时妊娠率与种植率明显降低。何亚琼等[12]发现,在人绒毛膜促性腺激素(human chorionic gonadotropin,HCG)注射日妊娠组的子宫内膜容积明显大于非妊娠组,尤其是>35岁者。Maged等[13]发现,在HCG注射日和胚胎移植(embryo transfer,ET)日,妊娠组的子宫内膜容积明显大于未妊娠组。本研究发现,健康对照组育龄期女性内膜容积明显大于不孕组,与既往研究结果一致,提示子宫内膜容积可评价不孕症育龄期女性的内膜特点,但不同年龄组育龄期女性的子宫内膜容积不能反映其子宫内膜特点。虽然本研究均在排卵日计算子宫内膜最大容积,但不同年龄组育龄期女性的子宫内膜容积需要结合其他超声评价指标综合分析来评价内膜特点。
子宫内膜区域血流是评估内膜特点非常重要的生理参数。内膜区域血流是指内膜血流及子宫肌层-子宫内膜轮廓3 mm以内的血流状态,有时候甚至可受子宫肌层血流的影响。目前对子宫内膜区域血流的检测方法包括二维彩色血流多普勒技术、脉冲多普勒技术、能量多普勒技术等,但尚无统一标准,且不能实现定量分析,因而缺乏说服力。有研究发现,妊娠组子宫内膜区域动脉血流RI、PI较未妊娠组明显降低[14-15]。另有研究发现,当子宫内膜区域动脉PI很高且RI很低时,成功妊娠的可能性较小[10]。本研究发现,两种不同分组育龄期女性的双侧子宫动脉脉冲多普勒血流参数和螺旋动脉PI值均不能较好地体现内膜特点,仅螺旋动脉RI值可体现不同年龄组的内膜特点,且<35岁组的螺旋动脉RI值低于≥35岁组。不同研究结果存在差异的原因可能与超声检查操作者的手法及仪器调节有关,导致RI、PI差异较大,在不同分组育龄期女性无明显一致的特点,因此,单纯RI、PI评价内膜特点的临床价值较低。
子宫内膜血流三维能量多普勒血流参数相对于普通彩色多普勒超声检查更具有优势。李文远[16]发现,子宫内膜血流参数的超声特征与胚胎移植成功率明显相关,妊娠组内膜VI、FI、VFI值均高于未妊娠组。Mishra等[17]发现,妊娠组妊娠早期子宫内膜的VI、FI和VFI值均明显高于非妊娠组。Wang等[18]发现,妊娠组的子宫内膜容受性增加,三维血流参数VI、FI和VFI值均明显增高。另有研究发现,子宫内膜三维能量多普勒血流参数可评估内膜容受性及预测妊娠结局[319]。与既往研究一致,本研究也发现三维能量多普勒血流参数可体现不同年龄组育龄期女性的内膜特点,且<35岁者VI、FI和VFI值明显高于≥35岁者,提示年轻女性的子宫内膜血流灌注较年长者更多。此外,健康对照组的育龄期女性三维能量多普勒血流参数VI、FI和VFI值明显高于不孕组,提示三维能量多普勒血流参数可评价不孕症育龄期女性的内膜特点。
MV-Flow技术和Lumi Flow技术可对极低速微细血管化结构和血管连接进行可视化显示,并自动计算感兴趣区域内充满血液的像素数与总像素数之比(VIMV=n/n总数),进而对感兴趣区使用MV-Flow技术获得理想的可视化血管树,以更好地显示实际血流图像[3-5]。Dall'Asta等[5]发现,MV-Flow和Lumi Flow技术检测低速血流是可行的,且具有高度敏感性。Chen等[4]发现,MV-Flow技术可清晰显示及量化微血管结构。但是,目前尚无针对子宫内膜的MV-Flow研究。本研究结果提示,子宫内膜VIMV可体现不同年龄组育龄期女性的内膜特点,且<35岁者VIMV明显高于≥35岁者,提示年轻女性的子宫内膜微血流灌注高于年长者。此外,本研究结果还显示,健康对照组育龄期女性内膜VIMV明显高于不孕组,提示子宫内膜VIMV也可体现育龄期不孕女性的内膜特点,但有待进一步评估内膜容受性,进而预测妊娠结局。
综上所述,本研究发现,子宫内膜厚度、内膜蠕动性评分及内膜容积可在一定程度上体现育龄期女性的子宫内膜特点。内膜三维能量多普勒血流参数及内膜VIMV对育龄期女性内膜特点的评价价值较高,可定量分析子宫内膜的血流灌注情况,更直观地体现育龄期女性的子宫内膜特点,且MV-Flow对操作技术的要求低于三维能量多普勒,操作更方便,在二维超声动态扫查下便可直观地观察内膜的微血流情况,有望得到进一步发展。但本研究尚存在一些局限性:(1)样本量较小;(2)排卵日的确定是根据排卵试纸,并未记录患者的激素水平;(3)缺少妊娠结局的随访。因此,未来应通过研究不孕女性胚胎移植术后的妊娠结局来进一步探讨超声新技术在评估内膜容受性方面的价值,从而为预测体外辅助生殖技术的妊娠结局提供参考,并指导选择合适时机植入受精卵以获得更好的妊娠结局。
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2023年第48卷第8期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1790.2023.0619
  • 接收时间:2022-08-31
  • 首发时间:2025-11-25
  • 出版时间:2023-08-28
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  • 收稿日期:2022-08-31
  • 录用日期:2023-02-20
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Military Family Planning Project(22JSZ11)
军队计生课题(22JSZ11)
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    1解放军医学院,北京 100853
    2解放军总医院第一医学中心超声诊断科,北京 100853

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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