Article(id=1200026651422720918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200026645001241395, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1663862400000, receivedDateStr=2022-09-23, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1669219200000, acceptedDateStr=2022-11-24, onlineDate=1764038249115, onlineDateStr=2025-11-25, pubDate=1693152000000, pubDateStr=2023-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764038249115, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764038249115, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764038249115, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200026645001241395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2023', volume='48', issue='8', pageStart='871', pageEnd='992', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1764038247584, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764038741950, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200028718564474883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200026645001241395, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200028718564474884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200026645001241395, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=913, endPage=920, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200026651754070963, articleId=1200026651422720918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Efficacy and safety evaluation of a new type of pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device for controlling miniature swine lethal junctional hemorrhage, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To evaluate the hemostatic efficacy and safety of a new type of pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device in emergency treatment of deep tissue massive hemorrhage. Methods The internal compressed cellulose hemostatic granules were placed in excess normal saline to test their saline absorption and volume expansion properties. Femoral artery blood was taken from 3 big-eared white rabbits for measuring the in vitro clotting time of the compressed cellulose hemostatic granules, and equal quality CELOX-A® hemostatic powder was set as the positive control group, and the blank plasma as negative control group. Ten rats were divided into the compressed cellulose hemostatic granule dressing group, CELOX-A® hemostatic powder group and negative control group, and plasma was taken to test the coagulation activity by using a thromboelastometer. The swine models of massive hemorrhage were established by complete transection of the femoral artery and vein, and divided into the model group of medical defatted gauze block, the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device group, and the positive control group of CELOX-A®. The three groups used parallel operation for hemostasis. The number of pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device used in the hemostasis process, the number of presses, the hemostasis time, the total blood loss during the hemostasis process were recorded, the routine blood tests before and after hemostasis, the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were measured and HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the tissue vessels. After DMEM medium was used to extract the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device, and the extract was added to L929 cells with vigorous growth to test the cytotoxicity. At the same time, the complete DMEM medium with phenol was set as the positive control group and the complete DMEM medium as the negative control group. After pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device was extracted with normal saline, the normal saline extract was injected into the mice to test its acute toxicity, and equal volume of the normal saline into the mice in the same way as the negative control group. The normal saline was set as the negative control group and the deionized water was set as the positive control group, the hemolysis test was used to detect the hemolysis rate of pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device. Results The compressed cellulose hemostatic granules inside the device rapidly absorbed and expanded in normal saline buffer, the maximum absorption ratio was more than 7.3 times, and the swelling rate reached about (9.0±0.3) times after 3 s in normal saline buffer. The in vitro clotting time of the compressed cellulose hemostatic granules was (451.7±26.6) s, significantly shorter than that of the negative control group (703.7±32.1) s (P<0.01), and was also shorter than that of the CELOX-A® hemostatic powder about (521.7±18.1) s (P<0.05). The result of thromboelastography showed that compared with negative control group, both the compressed cellulose hemostatic granules and CELOX-A® hemostatic powder significantly shortened the clot formation time (P<0.01), and the compressed cellulose hemostatic granules had shorter coagulation time than CELOX-A® hemostatic powder (P<0.05). The evaluation results of hemostatic efficacy study on the model of massive groin hemorrhage by complete transaction of the femoral artery and vein in the swine showed the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device group used (1.2±0.4) devices to achieve hemostasis, while CELOX-A® group needed (2.2±0.4) devices (P<0.05), and the total hemostatic time needed for the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device and CELOX-A® was (185.5±2.4) s and (268.5±83.4) s, respectively, and the difference between them was statistically significant (P<0.05). The APTT, PT and pathological changes of tissue and blood vessels were not obvious after the experiment in the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device group. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity test, acute toxicity test and hemolysis test were all within the standard range. Conclusions Pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device has favourable hemostatic efficacy and biological safety. The compressed cellulose hemostatic granule can rapidly block the injured vessel and effectively fill the wound cavity based on its strong absorption and swelling property. To summarize, the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device is a promising candidate to be used for controlling junctional hemorrhage and evacuation of the wounded, especially for the hemorrhage caused by gunshot or penetrating injuries in battlefield, thus saving valuable time for the further evacuation and treatment.

, correspAuthors=Ruo-Lan Gu, Zhi-Yun Meng, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
Meng Zhi-Yun, E-mail:
Gu Ruo-Lan, E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Lei Yang, Dan-Yang Zhao, Zhi-Yuan Yang, Tong Ye, Jia-Hui Dong, Ting Xue, Peng Han, Zhuo-Na Wu, Wen-Zhong Sun, Hui Gan, Gui-Fang Dou, Ruo-Lan Gu, Zhi-Yun Meng), CN=ArticleExt(id=1200026654413258799, articleId=1200026651422720918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=CN, title=新型推注式压缩纤维素止血装置在小型猪深部组织大出血急救中的止血效果及安全性研究, columnId=1190310110472798614, journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, columnName=基础研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 评估新型推注式压缩纤维素止血装置在小型猪深部组织大出血急救中的止血效果及安全性。方法 将压缩纤维素止血颗粒置于过量生理盐水中,测试其吸液性能及体积膨胀性能。取3只大耳白兔的股动脉血,测定压缩纤维素止血颗粒的体外凝血时间,设置等质量CELOX-A®止血粉为阳性对照组,空白离心管为阴性对照组。取10只大鼠血浆,设置阴性对照组、压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料组与CELOX-A®止血粉组,使用血栓弹性分析仪测试凝血活性。建立小型猪股动静脉完全切断大出血模型,设置模型组、推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组与CELOX-A®止血粉组,采用平行操作的方法对三组模型猪进行止血,记录止血过程中装置所用数量、按压次数、止血时间、止血过程总出血量,并检测止血前后血常规、凝血酶原时间(PT)及活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT);采用HE染色观察血管组织病理变化。推注式压缩纤维素止血装置用DMEM培养基浸提后,将浸提液加入生长旺盛的L929细胞中,测试其细胞毒性,同时设置加入苯酚的完全DMEM培养基为阳性对照组,加入完全DMEM培养基为阴性对照组。推注式压缩纤维素止血装置用生理盐水浸提后,将生理盐水浸提液注射到小鼠体内,测试其急性毒性,阴性对照组注射等量生理盐水。以生理盐水为阴性对照组,去离子水为阳性对照组,采用溶血试验测定推注式压缩纤维素止血装置的溶血率。结果 装置内部的压缩纤维素止血颗粒在生理盐水中可迅速吸液并膨胀,最大吸水倍率≥7.3倍,体积膨胀倍率3 s即可达到(9.0±0.3)倍。压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料体外凝血时间[(451.7±26.6) s]较阴性对照组[(703.7±32.1) s]明显缩短(P<0.01),并优于CELOX-A®止血粉[(521.7±18.1) s](P<0.05)。血栓弹力图分析结果显示,与阴性对照组比较,压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料与CELOX-A®止血粉均能明显缩短血凝块形成时间(P<0.01),且压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料较CELOX-A®止血粉凝血时间短(P<0.05)。小型猪股动静脉完全切断大出血模型止血疗效评估结果显示,推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组所需产品用量少于CELOX-A®止血粉组[(1.2±0.4)支 vs. (2.2±0.4)支,P<0.05],止血所需操作时间短于CELOX-A®止血粉组[(185.5±2.4) s vs. (268.5±83.4) s,P<0.05]。推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组止血前后APTT、PT以及血管组织病理变化均不明显,体外细胞毒性试验、急性毒性试验以及溶血试验等生物安全性试验结果均在标准范围之内。结论 推注式压缩纤维素止血装置具有良好的止血效果和生物安全性,可通过压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料的强效吸液膨胀性能迅速封堵损伤血管并有效填塞伤腔压迫止血,有望用于我军平战时枪弹伤、锐器伤等造成的肢体结合部位深部组织大出血的急救止血和转运,为大出血伤员的进一步后送救治争取宝贵时间。

, correspAuthors=顾若兰, 孟志云, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
孟志云,E-mail:
顾若兰,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=w3zM3xiuAVLxRFYivvgqMA==, magXml=f/aL+o8cb6AcbyLtPvEyWA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=q5PbVR4NIKCK7Ay6B69K5w==, pdfFileSize=3218417, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=FLUDdqF0MsXVwk/7baWf/Q==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=6MdcIXtRuF9B1FS1cQxz5w==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

杨磊,硕士研究生,主要从事公共卫生方面的研究

, authorsList=杨磊, 赵丹阳, 杨志远, 叶彤, 董佳慧, 薛婷, 韩鹏, 吴卓娜, 孙文种, 甘慧, 窦桂芳, 顾若兰, 孟志云)}, authors=[Author(id=1200074159725310882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074159851140008, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074159725310882, language=EN, stringName=Lei Yang, firstName=Lei, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074159972774829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074159725310882, language=CN, stringName=杨磊, firstName=磊, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio={"content":"

杨磊,硕士研究生,主要从事公共卫生方面的研究

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

杨磊,硕士研究生,主要从事公共卫生方面的研究

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074160090215347, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074160190878647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074160090215347, language=EN, stringName=Dan-Yang Zhao, firstName=Dan-Yang, middleName=null, lastName=Zhao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074160295736251, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074160090215347, language=CN, stringName=赵丹阳, firstName=丹阳, middleName=null, lastName=赵, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074160408982464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074160526422985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074160408982464, language=EN, stringName=Zhi-Yuan Yang, firstName=Zhi-Yuan, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074160610309067, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074160408982464, language=CN, stringName=杨志远, firstName=志远, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074160681612239, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074160765498325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074160681612239, language=EN, stringName=Tong Ye, firstName=Tong, middleName=null, lastName=Ye, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074160903910363, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074160681612239, language=CN, stringName=叶彤, firstName=彤, middleName=null, lastName=叶, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074161000379358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074161130402786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074161000379358, language=EN, stringName=Jia-Hui Dong, firstName=Jia-Hui, middleName=null, lastName=Dong, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074161205900261, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074161000379358, language=CN, stringName=董佳慧, firstName=佳慧, middleName=null, lastName=董, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074161310757864, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074161415615466, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074161310757864, language=EN, stringName=Ting Xue, firstName=Ting, middleName=null, lastName=Xue, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074161545638894, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074161310757864, language=CN, stringName=薛婷, firstName=婷, middleName=null, lastName=薛, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074161646302194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074161738576887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074161646302194, language=EN, stringName=Peng Han, firstName=Peng, middleName=null, lastName=Han, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074161826657273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074161646302194, language=CN, stringName=韩鹏, firstName=鹏, middleName=null, lastName=韩, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074161910543358, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074162002818048, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074161910543358, language=EN, stringName=Zhuo-Na Wu, firstName=Zhuo-Na, middleName=null, lastName=Wu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074162095091713, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074161910543358, language=CN, stringName=吴卓娜, firstName=卓娜, middleName=null, lastName=吴, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074162225115139, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074162325778440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074162225115139, language=EN, stringName=Wen-Zhong Sun, firstName=Wen-Zhong, middleName=null, lastName=Sun, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074162413858828, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074162225115139, language=CN, stringName=孙文种, firstName=文种, middleName=null, lastName=孙, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074162506133521, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074162598408216, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074162506133521, language=EN, stringName=Hui Gan, firstName=Hui, middleName=null, lastName=Gan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074162699071516, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074162506133521, language=CN, stringName=甘慧, firstName=慧, middleName=null, lastName=甘, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074162778763296, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=10, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074162900398119, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074162778763296, language=EN, stringName=Gui-Fang Dou, firstName=Gui-Fang, middleName=null, lastName=Dou, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074162975895592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074162778763296, language=CN, stringName=窦桂芳, firstName=桂芳, middleName=null, lastName=窦, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=null, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074163068170285, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=11, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=gurl311@126.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074163164639277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074163068170285, language=EN, stringName=Ruo-Lan Gu, firstName=Ruo-Lan, middleName=null, lastName=Gu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074163269496881, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074163068170285, language=CN, stringName=顾若兰, firstName=若兰, middleName=null, lastName=顾, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])]), Author(id=1200074163349188659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, orderNo=12, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=mengzhiyun@vip.163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1200074163424686135, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074163349188659, language=EN, stringName=Zhi-Yun Meng, firstName=Zhi-Yun, middleName=null, lastName=Meng, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1200074163537932345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, authorId=1200074163349188659, language=CN, stringName=孟志云, firstName=志云, middleName=null, lastName=孟, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=*, address=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1200074163697315903, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=pushable hemostatic device), Keyword(id=1200074163865088065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=compressed cellulose hemostatic granule), Keyword(id=1200074163961557061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=hemostatic dressing), Keyword(id=1200074164078997576, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=junctional site hemorrhage), Keyword(id=1200074164162883658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=推注式止血装置), Keyword(id=1200074164250964045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=压缩纤维素止血颗粒), Keyword(id=1200074164347433041, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=止血敷料), Keyword(id=1200074164443902035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=肢体结合部位出血)], refs=[Reference(id=1200074167145033877, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=9, issue=6, pageStart=1568, pageEnd=1582, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=Yang X, Chen M, Li P, journalName=J Mater Chem B, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang X, Chen M, Li P, et al. Fabricating poly(vinyl alcohol)/gelatin composite sponges with high absorbency and water-triggered expansion for noncompressible hemorrhage and wound healing[J]. J Mater Chem B, 2021, 9(6): 1568-1582., articleTitle=Fabricating poly(vinyl alcohol)/gelatin composite sponges with high absorbency and water-triggered expansion for noncompressible hemorrhage and wound healing, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074167224725656, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=264, issue=null, pageStart=118028, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Wei X, Ding S, Liu S, journalName=Carbohydr Polym, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wei X, Ding S, Liu S, et al. Polysaccharides-modified chitosan as improved and rapid hemostasis foam sponges[J]. Carbohydr Polym, 2021, 264: 118028., articleTitle=Polysaccharides-modified chitosan as improved and rapid hemostasis foam sponges, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074167312806042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=5, issue=12, pageStart=2357, pageEnd=2368, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Yang X, Liu W, Li N, journalName=Biomater Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang X, Liu W, Li N, et al. Design and development of polysaccharide hemostatic materials and their hemostatic mechanism[J]. Biomater Sci, 2017, 5(12): 2357-2368., articleTitle=Design and development of polysaccharide hemostatic materials and their hemostatic mechanism, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074167384109212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=184, issue=null, pageStart=367, pageEnd=373, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Stuart SM, Zarow G, Walchak A, journalName=Mil Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Stuart SM, Zarow G, Walchak A, et al. Pilot study of a novel swine model for controlling junctional hemorrhage using the iTClamp in conjunction with hemostatic agents[J]. Mil Med, 2019, 184(Suppl 1): 367-373., articleTitle=Pilot study of a novel swine model for controlling junctional hemorrhage using the iTClamp in conjunction with hemostatic agents, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074167455412384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=24, issue=14, pageStart=2629, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Radwan-Pragłowska J, Piątkowski M, Deineka V, journalName=Molecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Radwan-Pragłowska J, Piątkowski M, Deineka V, et al. Chitosan-based bioactive hemostatic agents with antibacterial properties-synthesis and characterization[J]. Molecules, 2019, 24(14): 2629., articleTitle=Chitosan-based bioactive hemostatic agents with antibacterial properties-synthesis and characterization, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074167543492769, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=124, issue=null, pageStart=138, pageEnd=147, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Khan MA, Mujahid M, journalName=Int J Biol Macromol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Khan MA, Mujahid M. A review on recent advances in chitosan based composite for hemostatic dressings[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2019, 124: 138-147., articleTitle=A review on recent advances in chitosan based composite for hemostatic dressings, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074167635767459, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=21, issue=1, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Khoshmohabat H, Paydar S, Kazemi HM, journalName=Trauma Mon, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Khoshmohabat H, Paydar S, Kazemi HM, et al. Overview of agents used for emergency hemostasis[J]. Trauma Mon, 2016, 21(1): e26023., articleTitle=Overview of agents used for emergency hemostasis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074167799345318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=30, issue=4, pageStart=10.1002/adma.201700859, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Hickman DA, Pawlowski CL, Sekhon UDS, journalName=Adv Mater, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hickman DA, Pawlowski CL, Sekhon UDS, et al. Biomaterials and advanced technologies for hemostatic management of bleeding[J]. Adv Mater, 2018, 30(4): 10.1002/adma.201700859., articleTitle=Biomaterials and advanced technologies for hemostatic management of bleeding, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074167908397225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=24, issue=3, pageStart=125, pageEnd=131, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Zhang ZY, Zhang HY, Talmy T, journalName=Chin J Traumatol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang ZY, Zhang HY, Talmy T, et al. Management of non-compressible torso hemorrhage: an update[J]. Chin J Traumatol, 2021, 24(3): 125-131., articleTitle=Management of non-compressible torso hemorrhage: an update, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074167983894698, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=15, issue=11, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Bonanno AM, Graham TL, Wilson LN, journalName=PLoS One, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bonanno AM, Graham TL, Wilson LN, et al. Novel use of XSTAT 30 for mitigation of lethal non-compressible torso hemorrhage in swine[J]. PLoS One, 2020, 15(11): e0241906., articleTitle=Novel use of XSTAT 30 for mitigation of lethal non-compressible torso hemorrhage in swine, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168076169388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=18, issue=4, pageStart=340, pageEnd=350, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Littlejohn LF, Devlin JJ, Kircher SS, journalName=Acad Emerg Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Littlejohn LF, Devlin JJ, Kircher SS, et al. Comparison of Celox-A, ChitoFlex, WoundStat, and combat gauze hemostatic agents versus standard gauze dressing in control of hemorrhage in a swine model of penetrating trauma[J]. Acad Emerg Med, 2011, 18(4): 340-350., articleTitle=Comparison of Celox-A, ChitoFlex, WoundStat, and combat gauze hemostatic agents versus standard gauze dressing in control of hemorrhage in a swine model of penetrating trauma, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168147472558, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=33, issue=7, pageStart=974, pageEnd=976, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Kragh JF, Aden JK, Steinbaugh J, journalName=Am J Emerg Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kragh JF, Aden JK, Steinbaugh J, et al. Gauze vs XSTAT in wound packing for hemorrhage control[J]. Am J Emerg Med, 2015, 33(7): 974-976., articleTitle=Gauze vs XSTAT in wound packing for hemorrhage control, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168218775728, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=219, issue=null, pageStart=405, pageEnd=413, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Zhang Y, Guan J, Wu J, journalName=Carbohydr Polym, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang Y, Guan J, Wu J, et al. N-alkylated chitosan/graphene oxide porous sponge for rapid and effective hemostasis in emergency situations[J]. Carbohydr Polym, 2019, 219: 405-413., articleTitle=N-alkylated chitosan/graphene oxide porous sponge for rapid and effective hemostasis in emergency situations, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168298467506, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=200, issue=null, pageStart=273, pageEnd=284, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Zhao X, Sun Y, Meng Z, journalName=Int J Biol Macromol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhao X, Sun Y, Meng Z, et al. Preparation and characterization of tranexamic acid modified porous starch and its application as a hemostatic agent[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2022, 200: 273-284., articleTitle=Preparation and characterization of tranexamic acid modified porous starch and its application as a hemostatic agent, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168394936500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=27, issue=8, pageStart=2571, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Yang Z, Ye T, Ma F, journalName=Molecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Z, Ye T, Ma F, et al. Preparation of chitosan/clay composites for safe and effective hemorrhage control[J]. Molecules, 2022, 27(8): 2571., articleTitle=Preparation of chitosan/clay composites for safe and effective hemorrhage control, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168457851061, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2015, volume=136, issue=null, pageStart=1026, pageEnd=1034, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Lan G, Lu B, Wang T, journalName=Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lan G, Lu B, Wang T, et al. Chitosan/gelatin composite sponge is an absorbable surgical hemostatic agent[J]. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2015, 136: 1026-1034., articleTitle=Chitosan/gelatin composite sponge is an absorbable surgical hemostatic agent, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168520765623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=19, issue=3, pageStart=731, pageEnd=739, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Wang X, Guan J, Zhuang X, journalName=Biomacromolecules, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang X, Guan J, Zhuang X, et al. Exploration of blood coagulation of N-alkyl chitosan nanofiber membrane in vitro[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2018, 19(3): 731-739., articleTitle=Exploration of blood coagulation of N-alkyl chitosan nanofiber membrane in vitro, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168638206137, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=178, issue=null, pageStart=296, pageEnd=305, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=He Y, Wang J, Si Y, journalName=Int J Biol Macromol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=He Y, Wang J, Si Y, et al. A novel gene recombinant collagen hemostatic sponge with excellent biocompatibility and hemostatic effect[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2021, 178: 296-305., articleTitle=A novel gene recombinant collagen hemostatic sponge with excellent biocompatibility and hemostatic effect, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168713703611, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=109, issue=null, pageStart=110532, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Sun L, Li B, Song W, journalName=Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Sun L, Li B, Song W, et al. Comprehensive assessment of Nile tilapia skin collagen sponges as hemostatic dressings[J]. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2020, 109: 110532., articleTitle=Comprehensive assessment of Nile tilapia skin collagen sponges as hemostatic dressings, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168814366909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=236, issue=null, pageStart=116051, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Zhang K, Li J, Wang Y, journalName=Carbohydr Polym, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhang K, Li J, Wang Y, et al. Hydroxybutyl chitosan/diatom-biosilica composite sponge for hemorrhage control[J]. Carbohydr Polym, 2020, 236: 116051., articleTitle=Hydroxybutyl chitosan/diatom-biosilica composite sponge for hemorrhage control, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168881475775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=138, issue=46, pageStart=51360, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Yang H, Ma Z, Guan X, journalName=J Appl Polym Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang H, Ma Z, Guan X, et al. Facile fabrication of diatomite‐based sponge with high biocompatibility and rapid hemostasis[J]. J Appl Polym Sci, 2021, 138(46): 51360., articleTitle=Facile fabrication of diatomite‐based sponge with high biocompatibility and rapid hemostasis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074168961167553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=28, issue=2S, pageStart=S33, pageEnd=S38, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Kotwal RS, Butler FKJr, journalName=Wilderness Environ Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kotwal RS, Butler FKJr. Junctional hemorrhage control for tactical combat casualty care[J]. Wilderness Environ Med, 2017, 28(2S): S33-S38., articleTitle=Junctional hemorrhage control for tactical combat casualty care, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074169040859331, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=45, issue=10, pageStart=1040, pageEnd=1046, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Li KY, Wang J, Sun RJ, journalName=Med J Chin PLA, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Li KY, Wang J, Sun RJ, et al. Early changes of coagulation function in a swine traumatic model within 1 hour after traumatic hemorrhagic shock induced by Gunshot injury[J]. Med J Chin PLA, 2020, 45(10): 1040-1046., articleTitle=Early changes of coagulation function in a swine traumatic model within 1 hour after traumatic hemorrhagic shock induced by Gunshot injury, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1200074169145716933, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=45, issue=10, pageStart=1040, pageEnd=1046, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=23, authorNames=李开源, 王静, 孙荣距, journalName=解放军医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李开源, 王静, 孙荣距, 等. 猪枪弹伤模型创伤失血休克后1 h内凝血功能变化分析[J]. 解放军医学杂志, 2020, 45(10): 1040-1046., articleTitle=猪枪弹伤模型创伤失血休克后1 h内凝血功能变化分析, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200074159607870365, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159616258974, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200074159628841887, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, companyId=1200074159607870365, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1200074164666200152, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Schematic diagram and photograph of the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device, figureFileSmall=rcE8G5zEVVvjAh8V+2hxEw==, figureFileBig=C1R70VtDId4fujg/Zt+hsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074164750086234, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=图1, caption=推注式压缩纤维素止血装置结构示意图及实物图, figureFileSmall=rcE8G5zEVVvjAh8V+2hxEw==, figureFileBig=C1R70VtDId4fujg/Zt+hsA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074164875915356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Absorption and swelling property analysis of the compressed cellulose hemostatic granule in normal saline buffer (n=6), figureFileSmall=rglogS9NTFjjdQ06P0LxiQ==, figureFileBig=FlNvEVjlMOwBhK6C6Q/XCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074164972384350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=图2, caption=压缩纤维素止血颗粒在生理盐水中的吸液性能和体积膨胀性能分析(n=6)

A. 吸液性能;B. 体积膨胀性能

, figureFileSmall=rglogS9NTFjjdQ06P0LxiQ==, figureFileBig=FlNvEVjlMOwBhK6C6Q/XCg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074165068853345, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=In vitro clotting time detection (n=3), figureFileSmall=vbxX1GobdSp0Ylr8hGmB4g==, figureFileBig=lX09pkYPl0/Gu410W05Yng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074165165322341, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=图3, caption=体外凝血时间测定(n=3)

与阴性对照组比较,(1)P<0.01;与压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料组比较,(2)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=vbxX1GobdSp0Ylr8hGmB4g==, figureFileBig=lX09pkYPl0/Gu410W05Yng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074165328900199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Histopathological changes of swine after hemostatics with the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device (HE ×50), figureFileSmall=1RTgCEeOHXcxaSvMcTa+Og==, figureFileBig=q9mNi7/avRPKb+MUdzBLrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074165421174889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=图4, caption=小型猪应用推注式压缩纤维素止血装置止血后血管组织病理变化(HE ×50), figureFileSmall=1RTgCEeOHXcxaSvMcTa+Og==, figureFileBig=q9mNi7/avRPKb+MUdzBLrQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074165500866668, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effect of extract of the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device on proliferation rate of L929 cells (n=6), figureFileSmall=3UWFcAXb1G3jvqIgjoA5gg==, figureFileBig=bbS3hon/TIYY7R2+KkgcCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074165593141359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=图5, caption=推注式压缩纤维素止血装置浸提液对L929细胞相对增殖度(RGR)的影响(n=6), figureFileSmall=3UWFcAXb1G3jvqIgjoA5gg==, figureFileBig=bbS3hon/TIYY7R2+KkgcCA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074165693804658, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effect of normal saline extract of the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device on body weight change of mice after intraperitoneal injection (n=6), figureFileSmall=sU9Cu1kaO9QmoBpENhV8Cw==, figureFileBig=+oO0L+6xifUZfUp82Ohwqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074165811245171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=图6, caption=推注式压缩纤维素止血装置生理盐水浸提液对小鼠体重的影响(n=6), figureFileSmall=sU9Cu1kaO9QmoBpENhV8Cw==, figureFileBig=+oO0L+6xifUZfUp82Ohwqw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074165941268597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Hemolysis rate of the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device (n=3), figureFileSmall=rY5ZUt1xdSW+mnV8qsbtJQ==, figureFileBig=5RxqTsV1vMccOE65yc96CA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074166067097719, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=图7, caption=推注式压缩纤维素止血装置溶血率(n=3), figureFileSmall=rY5ZUt1xdSW+mnV8qsbtJQ==, figureFileBig=5RxqTsV1vMccOE65yc96CA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200074166176149624, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Thromboelastogram analysis results ($\bar{x}±s$, n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别R(min)α角(°)MA(mm)
阴性对照组2.5±0.172.9±4.463.7±3.7
压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料组1.4±0.2(1)78.7±2.666.2±1.1
CELOX-A®止血粉组1.8±0.0(1)(2)78.8±1.565.2±0.9
), ArticleFig(id=1200074166264230011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

血栓弹力图分析结果($\bar{x}±s$, n=3)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别R(min)α角(°)MA(mm)
阴性对照组2.5±0.172.9±4.463.7±3.7
压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料组1.4±0.2(1)78.7±2.666.2±1.1
CELOX-A®止血粉组1.8±0.0(1)(2)78.8±1.565.2±0.9
), ArticleFig(id=1200074166360699006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Standardized control parameters for modeling of massive groin hemorrhage by complete transaction of femoral artery and vein in swine ($\bar{x}±s$, n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别体重(kg)基础平均动脉压(mmHg)30 s自由出血量(g)
模型组36.7±0.8115.3±11.3296.8±152.1
推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组36.8±1.4126.7±7.5248.1±97.4
CELOX-A®止血粉组35.7±0.5113.3±18.5176.7±102.6
), ArticleFig(id=1200074166461362306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

小型猪股动静脉完全切断大出血模型建模标准化控制参数($\bar{x}±s$, n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别体重(kg)基础平均动脉压(mmHg)30 s自由出血量(g)
模型组36.7±0.8115.3±11.3296.8±152.1
推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组36.8±1.4126.7±7.5248.1±97.4
CELOX-A®止血粉组35.7±0.5113.3±18.5176.7±102.6
), ArticleFig(id=1200074166574608517, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Comparison of hemostatic efficacy parameters with the massive groin hemorrhage model among three groups of swine ($\bar{x}±s$, n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别止血时间(s)按压次数止血过程总出血量(g)装置所用数量(支)
模型组--106.4±24.8-
推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组185.5±2.41.0±0.047.0±15.8(1)1.2±0.4
CELOX-A®止血粉组268.5±83.4(2)1.3±0.554.6±23.4(1)2.2±0.4(3)
), ArticleFig(id=1200074166675271817, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

三组小型猪股动静脉完全切断大出血模型止血效果比较($\bar{x}±s$,n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别止血时间(s)按压次数止血过程总出血量(g)装置所用数量(支)
模型组--106.4±24.8-
推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组185.5±2.41.0±0.047.0±15.8(1)1.2±0.4
CELOX-A®止血粉组268.5±83.4(2)1.3±0.554.6±23.4(1)2.2±0.4(3)
), ArticleFig(id=1200074166759157901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Comparison of RBC, PLT, PT and APTT among three groups of swine before and after hemostasis ($\bar{x}±s$, n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别RBC(×1012/L)PLT(×109/L)PT(s)APTT(s)
止血前止血后止血前止血后止血前止血后止血前止血后
模型组5.6±0.75.2±0.7494.5±28.2479.5±93.911.8±0.511.9±0.412.6±2.512.4±2.8
推注式压缩纤维素止血装置5.9±0.25.4±0.4533.5±243.3518.7±186.611.8±0.911.4±0.813.9±0.512.5±1.9
CELOX-A®止血粉组6.3±0.85.9±0.8594.2±111.2592.7±108.112.7±0.412.3±0.421.5±9.0(1)18.3±3.8(1)(2)
), ArticleFig(id=1200074166859821200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026651422720918, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

三组小型猪止血前后RBC、PLT、PT及APTT比较($\bar{x}±s$, n=6)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别RBC(×1012/L)PLT(×109/L)PT(s)APTT(s)
止血前止血后止血前止血后止血前止血后止血前止血后
模型组5.6±0.75.2±0.7494.5±28.2479.5±93.911.8±0.511.9±0.412.6±2.512.4±2.8
推注式压缩纤维素止血装置5.9±0.25.4±0.4533.5±243.3518.7±186.611.8±0.911.4±0.813.9±0.512.5±1.9
CELOX-A®止血粉组6.3±0.85.9±0.8594.2±111.2592.7±108.112.7±0.412.3±0.421.5±9.0(1)18.3±3.8(1)(2)
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441329971666965, delFlag=0, nameCn=解放军医学杂志, nameEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0577-7402, eissn=null, cn=11-1056/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=CC BY-NC-ND, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262512917, updatedTime=1761735725513, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, picEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369167564968109, language=CN, name=解放军医学杂志, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725537, updatedTime=1761735725537, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369167615299758, language=EN, name=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725549, updatedTime=1761735725549, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189873630562394117, websiteList=[Website(id=1189873845923287108, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761617631655, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622010471, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=解放军医学杂志, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924939378520839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629813284, updateTime=1761629813284, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939353355012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629813278, updateTime=1761629813278, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939399492362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813289, updateTime=1761629813289, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939344966403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629813276, updateTime=1761629813276, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939412075276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813292, updateTime=1761629813292, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939374326534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761629813283, updateTime=1761629813283, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939407880971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813291, updateTime=1761629813291, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939361743621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761629813280, updateTime=1761629813280, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939386909448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629813286, updateTime=1761629813286, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939395298057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629813288, updateTime=1761629813288, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189873846057504839, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761617631687, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622030030, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924968168223505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629820148, updateTime=1761629820148, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968147251982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629820143, updateTime=1761629820143, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968185000724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820152, updateTime=1761629820152, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968138863373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629820141, updateTime=1761629820141, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968197583638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820155, updateTime=1761629820155, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968159834896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761629820146, updateTime=1761629820146, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968193389333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820154, updateTime=1761629820154, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968155640591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761629820145, updateTime=1761629820145, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968172417810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629820149, updateTime=1761629820149, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968180806419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629820151, updateTime=1761629820151, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://zh.jfjyxzz.org.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, journalPhotoCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPhotoEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
新型推注式压缩纤维素止血装置在小型猪深部组织大出血急救中的止血效果及安全性研究
收藏切换
PDF下载
杨磊 , 赵丹阳 , 杨志远 , 叶彤 , 董佳慧 , 薛婷 , 韩鹏 , 吴卓娜 , 孙文种 , 甘慧 , 窦桂芳 , 顾若兰 * , 孟志云 *
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023,48(8): 913-920
收起
收藏切换
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023, 48(8): 913-920
新型推注式压缩纤维素止血装置在小型猪深部组织大出血急救中的止血效果及安全性研究
全屏
杨磊, 赵丹阳, 杨志远, 叶彤, 董佳慧, 薛婷, 韩鹏, 吴卓娜, 孙文种, 甘慧, 窦桂芳, 顾若兰* , 孟志云*
作者信息
  • 军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850
  • 杨磊,硕士研究生,主要从事公共卫生方面的研究

通讯作者:

孟志云,E-mail:
顾若兰,E-mail:
Efficacy and safety evaluation of a new type of pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device for controlling miniature swine lethal junctional hemorrhage
Lei Yang, Dan-Yang Zhao, Zhi-Yuan Yang, Tong Ye, Jia-Hui Dong, Ting Xue, Peng Han, Zhuo-Na Wu, Wen-Zhong Sun, Hui Gan, Gui-Fang Dou, Ruo-Lan Gu* , Zhi-Yun Meng*
Affiliations
  • Institute of Radiation Medicine, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Academy of Military Sciences, Beijing 100850, China
出版时间: 2023-08-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316
文章导航
收藏切换

目的 评估新型推注式压缩纤维素止血装置在小型猪深部组织大出血急救中的止血效果及安全性。方法 将压缩纤维素止血颗粒置于过量生理盐水中,测试其吸液性能及体积膨胀性能。取3只大耳白兔的股动脉血,测定压缩纤维素止血颗粒的体外凝血时间,设置等质量CELOX-A®止血粉为阳性对照组,空白离心管为阴性对照组。取10只大鼠血浆,设置阴性对照组、压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料组与CELOX-A®止血粉组,使用血栓弹性分析仪测试凝血活性。建立小型猪股动静脉完全切断大出血模型,设置模型组、推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组与CELOX-A®止血粉组,采用平行操作的方法对三组模型猪进行止血,记录止血过程中装置所用数量、按压次数、止血时间、止血过程总出血量,并检测止血前后血常规、凝血酶原时间(PT)及活化部分凝血活酶时间(APTT);采用HE染色观察血管组织病理变化。推注式压缩纤维素止血装置用DMEM培养基浸提后,将浸提液加入生长旺盛的L929细胞中,测试其细胞毒性,同时设置加入苯酚的完全DMEM培养基为阳性对照组,加入完全DMEM培养基为阴性对照组。推注式压缩纤维素止血装置用生理盐水浸提后,将生理盐水浸提液注射到小鼠体内,测试其急性毒性,阴性对照组注射等量生理盐水。以生理盐水为阴性对照组,去离子水为阳性对照组,采用溶血试验测定推注式压缩纤维素止血装置的溶血率。结果 装置内部的压缩纤维素止血颗粒在生理盐水中可迅速吸液并膨胀,最大吸水倍率≥7.3倍,体积膨胀倍率3 s即可达到(9.0±0.3)倍。压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料体外凝血时间[(451.7±26.6) s]较阴性对照组[(703.7±32.1) s]明显缩短(P<0.01),并优于CELOX-A®止血粉[(521.7±18.1) s](P<0.05)。血栓弹力图分析结果显示,与阴性对照组比较,压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料与CELOX-A®止血粉均能明显缩短血凝块形成时间(P<0.01),且压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料较CELOX-A®止血粉凝血时间短(P<0.05)。小型猪股动静脉完全切断大出血模型止血疗效评估结果显示,推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组所需产品用量少于CELOX-A®止血粉组[(1.2±0.4)支 vs. (2.2±0.4)支,P<0.05],止血所需操作时间短于CELOX-A®止血粉组[(185.5±2.4) s vs. (268.5±83.4) s,P<0.05]。推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组止血前后APTT、PT以及血管组织病理变化均不明显,体外细胞毒性试验、急性毒性试验以及溶血试验等生物安全性试验结果均在标准范围之内。结论 推注式压缩纤维素止血装置具有良好的止血效果和生物安全性,可通过压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料的强效吸液膨胀性能迅速封堵损伤血管并有效填塞伤腔压迫止血,有望用于我军平战时枪弹伤、锐器伤等造成的肢体结合部位深部组织大出血的急救止血和转运,为大出血伤员的进一步后送救治争取宝贵时间。

推注式止血装置  /  压缩纤维素止血颗粒  /  止血敷料  /  肢体结合部位出血

Objective To evaluate the hemostatic efficacy and safety of a new type of pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device in emergency treatment of deep tissue massive hemorrhage. Methods The internal compressed cellulose hemostatic granules were placed in excess normal saline to test their saline absorption and volume expansion properties. Femoral artery blood was taken from 3 big-eared white rabbits for measuring the in vitro clotting time of the compressed cellulose hemostatic granules, and equal quality CELOX-A® hemostatic powder was set as the positive control group, and the blank plasma as negative control group. Ten rats were divided into the compressed cellulose hemostatic granule dressing group, CELOX-A® hemostatic powder group and negative control group, and plasma was taken to test the coagulation activity by using a thromboelastometer. The swine models of massive hemorrhage were established by complete transection of the femoral artery and vein, and divided into the model group of medical defatted gauze block, the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device group, and the positive control group of CELOX-A®. The three groups used parallel operation for hemostasis. The number of pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device used in the hemostasis process, the number of presses, the hemostasis time, the total blood loss during the hemostasis process were recorded, the routine blood tests before and after hemostasis, the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT) were measured and HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of the tissue vessels. After DMEM medium was used to extract the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device, and the extract was added to L929 cells with vigorous growth to test the cytotoxicity. At the same time, the complete DMEM medium with phenol was set as the positive control group and the complete DMEM medium as the negative control group. After pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device was extracted with normal saline, the normal saline extract was injected into the mice to test its acute toxicity, and equal volume of the normal saline into the mice in the same way as the negative control group. The normal saline was set as the negative control group and the deionized water was set as the positive control group, the hemolysis test was used to detect the hemolysis rate of pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device. Results The compressed cellulose hemostatic granules inside the device rapidly absorbed and expanded in normal saline buffer, the maximum absorption ratio was more than 7.3 times, and the swelling rate reached about (9.0±0.3) times after 3 s in normal saline buffer. The in vitro clotting time of the compressed cellulose hemostatic granules was (451.7±26.6) s, significantly shorter than that of the negative control group (703.7±32.1) s (P<0.01), and was also shorter than that of the CELOX-A® hemostatic powder about (521.7±18.1) s (P<0.05). The result of thromboelastography showed that compared with negative control group, both the compressed cellulose hemostatic granules and CELOX-A® hemostatic powder significantly shortened the clot formation time (P<0.01), and the compressed cellulose hemostatic granules had shorter coagulation time than CELOX-A® hemostatic powder (P<0.05). The evaluation results of hemostatic efficacy study on the model of massive groin hemorrhage by complete transaction of the femoral artery and vein in the swine showed the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device group used (1.2±0.4) devices to achieve hemostasis, while CELOX-A® group needed (2.2±0.4) devices (P<0.05), and the total hemostatic time needed for the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device and CELOX-A® was (185.5±2.4) s and (268.5±83.4) s, respectively, and the difference between them was statistically significant (P<0.05). The APTT, PT and pathological changes of tissue and blood vessels were not obvious after the experiment in the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device group. The results of in vitro cytotoxicity test, acute toxicity test and hemolysis test were all within the standard range. Conclusions Pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device has favourable hemostatic efficacy and biological safety. The compressed cellulose hemostatic granule can rapidly block the injured vessel and effectively fill the wound cavity based on its strong absorption and swelling property. To summarize, the pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device is a promising candidate to be used for controlling junctional hemorrhage and evacuation of the wounded, especially for the hemorrhage caused by gunshot or penetrating injuries in battlefield, thus saving valuable time for the further evacuation and treatment.

pushable hemostatic device  /  compressed cellulose hemostatic granule  /  hemostatic dressing  /  junctional site hemorrhage
杨磊, 赵丹阳, 杨志远, 叶彤, 董佳慧, 薛婷, 韩鹏, 吴卓娜, 孙文种, 甘慧, 窦桂芳, 顾若兰, 孟志云. 新型推注式压缩纤维素止血装置在小型猪深部组织大出血急救中的止血效果及安全性研究. 解放军医学杂志, 2023 , 48 (8) : 913 -920 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316
Lei Yang, Dan-Yang Zhao, Zhi-Yuan Yang, Tong Ye, Jia-Hui Dong, Ting Xue, Peng Han, Zhuo-Na Wu, Wen-Zhong Sun, Hui Gan, Gui-Fang Dou, Ruo-Lan Gu, Zhi-Yun Meng. Efficacy and safety evaluation of a new type of pushable compressed cellulose hemostatic device for controlling miniature swine lethal junctional hemorrhage[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2023 , 48 (8) : 913 -920 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316
不可控大出血是造成平战时各种创伤死亡的首要原因[1-3],战现场中超过50%的可避免性战伤死亡由其造成[4-6]。枪弹伤等造成的深部组织大出血是战时高发的出血伤情,尤其随着单兵个人防护装备的迅速发展,颈部、腋窝、腹股沟和会阴等无法有效防护的肢体结合部位出血发生率逐渐增高[7-9]。一方面,枪弹伤大出血体表创口通常较狭窄,止血敷料难以导入深部出血位点;另一方面,腹股沟、腋窝等肢体结合部位解剖结构特殊,无法通过常规按压或止血带止血,同时局部大血管丰富,一旦受伤通常出血量大且汹涌,对止血敷料的止血速度及止血牢固度要求较高。因此,肢体结合部位深部组织大出血已成为现阶段战伤大出血火线救治亟须关注的重点问题。目前外军研发的相关止血产品有X-statTM和CELOX-A®[10-12],均为具有深部导入功能的一体化止血装置,而我国目前尚无类似产品装备。
推注式压缩纤维素止血装置为本课题组自主研发,由外部导入部件和内部荷载的压缩纤维素止血颗粒组成,是一种针对枪弹伤、锐器伤等导致的腹股沟、腋窝等肢体结合部位深部大出血的战创伤急救止血产品。外部导入部件主要起存储(非使用状态)和定向导入(止血应用状态)作用;内部止血颗粒采用强效亲水性无纺布纤维素棉片压缩而成,具有强效吸液膨胀性能,可迅速吸收局部伤腔内血液从而使自身体积膨胀,有效填充伤腔并封堵局部出血血管,起到持续、稳定压迫止血的作用。本研究以外军同类产品CELOX-A®为对照,系统评估推注式压缩纤维素止血装置的体内外止血性能及安全性。
推注式压缩纤维素止血装置由本课题组自主研发(图1);CELOX-A®(批号:218912)购自英国Medtrade Products公司;医用脱脂纱布块(批号:21051504)购自河南省戈尔医疗器械有限公司。
雄性巴马小型猪18头,体重(36.4±1.1) kg,购自北京实创世纪小型猪养殖基地[许可证编号:SCXK(京)2018-0011];雄性昆明小鼠12只[体重(20±2) g]、雄性日本大耳白兔6只[体重(2.0~2.5) kg]、雄性SD大鼠10只[体重(180~220) g]购自北京科宇动物养殖中心[许可证编号:SCXK(京)2018-0011];L929细胞系由中国科学院细胞库提供。本研究通过军事医学研究院动物伦理委员会审批(IACUC-DWZX-2020-503)。
随机精密称取装置内三粒压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料,室温条件下置于过量生理盐水中,分别于3 s、30 s、1 min、2 min、3 min、5 min、10 min、20 min、40 min、60 min时间点取出,用50目筛网常压滤除多余未吸收水分后称重,计算各时间点吸水量并绘制时间与吸生理盐水倍率的关系图,以观察其完全浸泡到生理盐水中后吸生理盐水倍率的变化。同法在3 s时间点取样,用游标卡尺测量压缩纤维素止血颗粒吸液后的直径及厚度。平行操作并重复上述实验6次,结果取平均值。分别按以下公式计算压缩纤维素止血颗粒的吸水倍率(B)及体积膨胀倍率(C)。
B=m3-m2-m1m1;C=VtV0
其中,B为压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料在某时间点的吸水倍率,m1为压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料吸液前净重(g),m2为筛网净重量(g),m3为筛网及压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料吸液后整体重量(g);C为压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料在某时间点的体积膨胀倍率,Vt为压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料在某时间点吸水后的体积,V0为压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料吸液前的体积(止血颗粒体积按照圆柱体体积公式计算)。
用参考文献[13]的方法观察压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料的体外凝血活性。随机选取一粒压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料置于10 ml空白离心管中,同法称取等质量CELOX-A®止血粉作为阳性对照组,以空白离心管为阴性对照组,37 ℃水浴预热。
3只日本大耳白兔麻醉后,分别抽取股动脉血并按9∶1的比例加入3.8%枸橼酸钠溶液抗凝,将3只兔抗凝血混合均匀,以减少个体差异带来的实验误差。离心管中加入3 ml抗凝全血,37 ℃水浴孵育3 min;加入0.025 mol/L CaCl2溶液1 ml启动凝血反应。每隔15 s倾斜试管1次观察血液是否仍可流动,直至将离心管旋转180°,血液呈凝块不再流动时记为凝血所需时间。平行重复上述实验3次,结果取平均值。
使用血栓弹性分析仪(UD-T5000)测试推注式压缩纤维素止血装置内部敷料的凝血活性[14],R值代表血凝块开始形成的时间,α角与凝血速率有关,MA表示所形成血凝块的最大强度[2]。10只SD大鼠麻醉后,抽取腹主动脉血并按9∶1的比例加入3.8%枸橼酸钠溶液抗凝,随机选取一粒压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料置于5 ml 3.8%枸橼酸钠溶液抗凝的新鲜SD大鼠血浆中,轻轻上下颠倒3次使敷料与血液充分接触后室温放置3 min,取放置反应后的血浆上清为样品,根据血栓弹力图凝固法检测试剂盒使用说明书步骤操作,设置等质量CELOX-A®止血粉为阳性对照组,空白血浆为阴性对照组。每组按照上述步骤平行实验3次,结果取平均值。
将18头巴马小型猪随机分为模型组、推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组、CELOX-A®止血粉组,每组6头。
小型猪呼吸麻醉后颈动脉插管实时监测平均动脉压,沿股动脉走向纵行做约4 cm皮肤切口,定位股动脉后,将手术剪沿股动脉横向垂直插入并剪断股动静脉,切口宽度2~3 cm,深度6~8 cm,制造入口狭窄的深部血管大出血模型。造模后可见血液呈喷射状,自由喷血30 s并收集自由出血量。以动物体重、基础平均动脉压及30 s自由出血量为建模控制指标,对组间均一性进行评价。
自由出血30 s末,推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组立即应用推注式压缩纤维素止血装置插入小型猪创口内,将内部压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料全部推注至深部出血位点,观察局部伤腔填充程度以及活动性出血是否显著减轻或停止,如伤腔充盈度不佳或出血仍然汹涌,立即增加产品用量至出血程度明显减轻后可用空白医用脱脂纱布块覆盖创面并以一定压力按压3 min,观察有无活动性出血,如有则同法继续按压3 min,合计按压不应超过3次,否则视为止血失败;模型组将医用脱脂纱布块填塞入伤口止血,其余操作与上述方法一致;CELOX-A®止血粉组止血操作与推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组一致。
记录装置所用数量、按压次数、止血时间及止血过程总出血量。止血时间定义为从按压止血操作开始至停止按压、伤口无血液流出所需时间。止血过程总出血量定义为从止血操作开始至止血成功全过程的出血量。
止血成功后10 min,模拟止血后伤员后送转运过程,将伤侧后肢做牵拉、外展和内收动作各3次,松开观察是否诱发再次活动性出血,持续观察30 min,期间实时监测动物血压及心率等指标,以协助判断止血牢固度情况。所有受试组的止血操作均由同一实验人员完成,以最大程度避免不同操作人员手法差异等带来的实验误差。
止血前及止血后30 min采集动物静脉血样,用于检测血常规及活化部分凝血活酶时间(activated partial thromboplastin time,APTT)和凝血酶原时间(prothrombin time,PT)。采血完成后动物实施安乐死,分别取实验侧和对侧(非手术侧)腹股沟区局部组织血管进行苏木精-伊红(hematoxylin-eosin,HE)染色,观察血管的病理变化,评价应用推注式压缩纤维素止血装置是否会对动物的血液系统和凝血功能产生影响,以及是否存在局部和远端组织血管内微血栓形成的风险。
采用MTT比色法测试推注式压缩纤维素止血装置的体外细胞毒性[15],细胞活性值>75%可认定材料无明显细胞毒性[16-17]。将装置以质量体积比0.2 g/ml加入DMEM培养基37 °C浸提24 h,取上清,按照10%体积比加入胎牛血清配制为100%待测浸提液,依次用不同比例DMEM完全培养基稀释,制得75%、50%、25%待测浸提液。将1×105/ml生长旺盛的L929细胞以每孔100 μl加入96孔培养板中,于37 °C、5% CO2细胞培养箱中培养24 h;PBS洗涤,每孔加入100 μl上述4种不同浓度的待测浸提液,作为实验组。阴性对照组每孔加入100 μl完全DMEM培养基,阳性对照组每孔加入100 μl含0.2%苯酚的完全DMEM培养基继续培养24 h(n=6)。取出后PBS洗涤,每孔加入50 μl MTT溶液(1 mg/ml)继续培养2 h,每孔加入100 μl异丙醇溶液,震荡10 min充分溶解;采用酶标仪测定570 nm、650 nm(校准波长)处的吸光度(OD)值,计算细胞相对增殖度(relative growth rate,RGR)[15]。RGR(%)=实验组OD值/空白对照组OD值×100%。
采用推注式压缩纤维素止血装置生理盐水浸提液腹腔注射的方法,观察是否会引起小鼠的急性全身毒性反应[18-19]。将材料以0.2 g/ml的浸提比例用生理盐水37 ℃浸提24 h,取上清为待测浸提液,以空白生理盐水为阴性对照。昆明小鼠12只随机分成实验组(注射待测浸提液)与阴性对照组(注射生理盐水),分别以50 ml/kg剂量进行腹腔注射,注射速率不超过2 ml/min。注射后观察并记录小鼠即时反应、4 h及1周内每天的体重及一般情况。
采用溶血试验测试推注式压缩纤维素止血装置的血液相容性[20],伤口止血敷料的溶血率标准为<5%[21]。抽取3只新鲜健康日本大耳白兔股动脉血,加入抗凝剂后混合均匀,以减少个体差异带来的实验误差。取10 ml混合均匀的抗凝血与同体积生理盐水混匀制备兔稀释全血溶液备用。烧杯中加入一支推注式压缩纤维素止血装置(50 g)、500 ml生理盐水及20 ml兔稀释全血,混匀后于37 ℃孵育1 h;3000 r/min离心5 min,取上清;采用紫外可见分光光度计测定545 nm处的OD值,计算溶血率。以生理盐水为阴性对照组,去离子水为阳性对照组,实验方法同上。各组平行重复试验3次。溶血率(%)=(实验组OD值-阴性对照组OD值)/(阳性对照组OD值-阴性对照组OD值)×100%。
采用GraphPad Prism 8.0和Origin 9.1软件制图及进行统计分析。定量数据以$\bar{x}±s$表示,两组间比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t法。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
吸液性能测试结果如图2A所示,压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料吸生理盐水性能良好,3 s吸生理盐水倍率即达到(6.2±0.1)倍,吸生理盐水速率较快,5~10 min即基本达到溶胀平衡,最大吸生理盐水倍率为(7.3±0.2)倍。
体积膨胀性能测试结果如图2B所示,压缩纤维素止血颗粒在吸液的同时体积在短时间内迅速膨胀,吸液前后直径无明显变化[(10.1±0.1) mm vs. (10.2±0.1) mm],但在厚度方向迅速膨胀,吸液后约3 s即由(4.1±0.1) mm膨胀至(36.6±0.3) mm (P<0.001),体积膨胀倍率达到(9.0±0.3)倍。
与阴性对照组[(703.7±32.1) s]比较,压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料[(451.7±26.6) s]和CELOX-A®止血粉[(521.7±18.1) s]均能明显缩短凝血时间(P<0.01),且压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料凝血时间短于CELOX-A®止血粉(P<0.05,图3)。
与阴性对照组比较,压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料组与CELOX-A®止血粉组MA值和α角有所升高,但无统计学差异(P>0.05),而血凝块开始形成时间(R值)明显缩短(P<0.01),提示压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料及CELOX-A®止血粉发挥止血活性的主要途径为促进血凝块形成。与CELOX-A®止血粉组比较,压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料组血凝块开始形成时间进一步缩短[(1.4±0.2) min vs. (1.8±0) min,P<0.05,表1]。
采用标准化手术建模操作流程,以动物体重、基础平均动脉压及30 s自由出血量为质量控制指标,对小型猪腹股沟区股动静脉完全切断大出血模型的组间均一性进行控制,结果如表2所示,推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组、CELOX-A®止血粉组和模型组体重、基础平均动脉压、30 s自由出血量比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
止血效果评估结果如表3所示。模型组6只受试动物经3次按压均未成功止血,止血成功比例为0/6。推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组和CELOX-A®止血粉组均全部成功止血。其中,推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组和CELOX-A®止血粉组止血时间分别为(185.5±2.4) s和(268.5±83.4) s,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);二者止血所需按压次数分别为(1.0±0.0)次和(1.3±0.5)次,止血过程总出血量分别为(47.0±15.8) g和(54.6±23.4) g;在按压过程中,材料未能将伤口完全覆盖时增加了装置的用量,其中推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组6只动物仅需(1.2±0.4)支产品即达到成功止血,明显低于CELOX-A®所需用量[(2.2±0.4)支,P<0.01]。
止血安全性评估结果如表4图4所示。止血前,与模型组比较,CELOX-A®止血粉组APTT延长(P<0.05)。止血后,与模型组比较,CELOX-A®止血粉组APTT缩短(P<0.05);与CELOX-A®止血粉组比较,推注式压缩纤维素止血装置组APTT延长(P<0.05)。三组止血前后红细胞计数(red blood cell,RBC)、血小板计数(platelet,PLT)、PT、APTT均未发生明显变化(P>0.05),提示止血材料在动物体内持续作用1 h并无对动物机体产生高凝状态的倾向(表4)。
HE染色结果显示,应用推注式压缩纤维素止血装置后未见损伤局部血管或远端组织血管内明显微血栓形成,双侧血管组织结构清晰、形态完整,无明显炎症浸润和血栓(图4)。
体外细胞毒性试验结果如图5所示。25%、50%、75%和100%推注式压缩纤维素止血装置浸提液的RGR均>90%,提示推注式压缩纤维素止血装置无明显细胞毒性。
急性毒性试验结果如图6所示。与阴性对照组比较,实验组小鼠给予推注式压缩纤维素止血装置生理盐水浸提液腹腔注射后未见明显异常反应。两组小鼠均在注射4 h后出现一过性体重下降现象,随后逐渐恢复,体重增长趋势一致,均未出现精神萎靡、运动迟缓、进食减少等现象;所有小鼠未出现对声、光等刺激敏感现象;无流涕、眼分泌物增加、水肿等异常反应,一般情况良好。表明推注式压缩纤维素止血装置无明显急性毒性。
溶血试验结果如图7所示。推注式压缩纤维素止血装置的溶血率为1.5%,高于阴性对照组(生理盐水,0%),但明显低于阳性对照组(去离子水,100.0%)。伤口止血敷料标准规定溶血率<5%,因此推注式压缩纤维素止血装置具有良好的血液相容性。
近年来随着单兵个人防护装备的日益发展,腹股沟、腋窝等无法采取有效防护措施的肢体结合部位深部组织大出血已成为战现场大出血救治领域需要重点关注的伤情类型和研究难点[22-23]。由于局部解剖的特殊性,这些部位大动脉血管分布丰富,一旦出血通常程度严重,对止血敷料的止血速度和强度要求非常高;同时这些部位的深部出血无法通过直接按压或止血带达到止血目的,尤其是枪弹伤等导致的大出血通常体表创口狭小,现场救护人员无法将止血敷料有效导入深部出血位点,需要借助合适的外部导入装置实现战现场快速导入功能。目前美军和英军等对该类型止血装置的研发进展较快,已有X-statTM和CELOX-A®[10-12]两种产品上市并装备部队。
推注式压缩纤维素止血装置是本课题组针对上述腹股沟、腋窝等特殊部位枪弹伤、锐器伤大出血急救而自主研发的一种新型一体化止血装置,主要由外部导入部件和内部荷载的压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料组成,目前正在申报生产批文(ZL201920366505.8、ZL202211166248.6)。该装置外部导入部件主要起存储和定向导入作用,内部止血颗粒敷料采用强效亲水性无纺布纤维素棉片压缩而成,具有极强的快速吸液膨胀性能。从吸液性能、体外凝血时间及血栓弹力图分析结果可知,该装置主要的止血途径包括:(1)亲水性压缩纤维素止血颗粒敷料可迅速吸收血液中的水分并膨胀,依靠自身体积膨胀有效填充局部伤腔,对深部出血位点形成持续、有效的压迫和封堵,是其快速发挥止血作用的主要基础;(2)大量吸收血液中水分的同时使局部伤腔积血中的血细胞和凝血因子类成分快速浓缩和富集,促进局部凝血过程的快速启动及血凝块的快速形成,协同发挥局部强效止血作用。与外军同类产品CELOX-A®相比,推注式压缩纤维素止血装置止血速度较快,全部受试动物均一次按压成功止血,且该装置产品用量较少,仅使用1.2支即可成功止血。由此可见,推注式压缩纤维素止血装置在止血效果及勤务操作性能方面均具有显著优势。
止血产品的止血安全性非常重要。本研究分析推注式压缩纤维素止血装置的安全性时,除按照国家二类医疗器械要求考察了体外细胞毒性、急性毒性和溶血试验等生物安全性指标外,还对该装置应用过程中对机体血液循环系统及凝血功能的影响,以及对损伤局部组织血管和远端血管产生微血栓的风险进行了系统评估。结果显示,推注式压缩纤维素止血装置持续止血应用1 h,机体血液未见明显高凝倾向,损伤局部血管及远端血管组织内也未见明显微血栓形成现象。同时,为了进一步明确应用该装置止血后的长期安全性,本研究开展了小型猪止血后清创缝合长期(2周)观察实验,结果显示,止血清创处理2周后动物一般情况良好,血液和凝血指标及病理切片分析均未见异常(该部分数据未在文中列出),进一步佐证了推注式压缩纤维素止血装置用于止血的安全性。
综上所述,新型可推注式压缩纤维素止血装置具有快速、强效止血作用,操作简便,勤务适用性良好,易于战现场急救应用,可为我军有效应对枪弹伤、锐器伤等造成的肢体结合部位深部组织大出血救治提供品种支持。
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
Yang X, Chen M, Li P, et al. Fabricating poly(vinyl alcohol)/gelatin composite sponges with high absorbency and water-triggered expansion for noncompressible hemorrhage and wound healing[J]. J Mater Chem B, 2021, 9(6): 1568-1582.
[2]
Wei X, Ding S, Liu S, et al. Polysaccharides-modified chitosan as improved and rapid hemostasis foam sponges[J]. Carbohydr Polym, 2021, 264: 118028.
[3]
Yang X, Liu W, Li N, et al. Design and development of polysaccharide hemostatic materials and their hemostatic mechanism[J]. Biomater Sci, 2017, 5(12): 2357-2368.
[4]
Stuart SM, Zarow G, Walchak A, et al. Pilot study of a novel swine model for controlling junctional hemorrhage using the iTClamp in conjunction with hemostatic agents[J]. Mil Med, 2019, 184(Suppl 1): 367-373.
[5]
Radwan-Pragłowska J, Piątkowski M, Deineka V, et al. Chitosan-based bioactive hemostatic agents with antibacterial properties-synthesis and characterization[J]. Molecules, 2019, 24(14): 2629.
[6]
Khan MA, Mujahid M. A review on recent advances in chitosan based composite for hemostatic dressings[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2019, 124: 138-147.
[7]
Khoshmohabat H, Paydar S, Kazemi HM, et al. Overview of agents used for emergency hemostasis[J]. Trauma Mon, 2016, 21(1): e26023.
[8]
Hickman DA, Pawlowski CL, Sekhon UDS, et al. Biomaterials and advanced technologies for hemostatic management of bleeding[J]. Adv Mater, 2018, 30(4): 10.1002/adma.201700859.
[9]
Zhang ZY, Zhang HY, Talmy T, et al. Management of non-compressible torso hemorrhage: an update[J]. Chin J Traumatol, 2021, 24(3): 125-131.
[10]
Bonanno AM, Graham TL, Wilson LN, et al. Novel use of XSTAT 30 for mitigation of lethal non-compressible torso hemorrhage in swine[J]. PLoS One, 2020, 15(11): e0241906.
[11]
Littlejohn LF, Devlin JJ, Kircher SS, et al. Comparison of Celox-A, ChitoFlex, WoundStat, and combat gauze hemostatic agents versus standard gauze dressing in control of hemorrhage in a swine model of penetrating trauma[J]. Acad Emerg Med, 2011, 18(4): 340-350.
[12]
Kragh JF, Aden JK, Steinbaugh J, et al. Gauze vs XSTAT in wound packing for hemorrhage control[J]. Am J Emerg Med, 2015, 33(7): 974-976.
[13]
Zhang Y, Guan J, Wu J, et al. N-alkylated chitosan/graphene oxide porous sponge for rapid and effective hemostasis in emergency situations[J]. Carbohydr Polym, 2019, 219: 405-413.
[14]
Zhao X, Sun Y, Meng Z, et al. Preparation and characterization of tranexamic acid modified porous starch and its application as a hemostatic agent[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2022, 200: 273-284.
[15]
Yang Z, Ye T, Ma F, et al. Preparation of chitosan/clay composites for safe and effective hemorrhage control[J]. Molecules, 2022, 27(8): 2571.
[16]
Lan G, Lu B, Wang T, et al. Chitosan/gelatin composite sponge is an absorbable surgical hemostatic agent[J]. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces, 2015, 136: 1026-1034.
[17]
Wang X, Guan J, Zhuang X, et al. Exploration of blood coagulation of N-alkyl chitosan nanofiber membrane in vitro[J]. Biomacromolecules, 2018, 19(3): 731-739.
[18]
He Y, Wang J, Si Y, et al. A novel gene recombinant collagen hemostatic sponge with excellent biocompatibility and hemostatic effect[J]. Int J Biol Macromol, 2021, 178: 296-305.
[19]
Sun L, Li B, Song W, et al. Comprehensive assessment of Nile tilapia skin collagen sponges as hemostatic dressings[J]. Mater Sci Eng C Mater Biol Appl, 2020, 109: 110532.
[20]
Zhang K, Li J, Wang Y, et al. Hydroxybutyl chitosan/diatom-biosilica composite sponge for hemorrhage control[J]. Carbohydr Polym, 2020, 236: 116051.
[21]
Yang H, Ma Z, Guan X, et al. Facile fabrication of diatomite‐based sponge with high biocompatibility and rapid hemostasis[J]. J Appl Polym Sci, 2021, 138(46): 51360.
[22]
Kotwal RS, Butler FKJr. Junctional hemorrhage control for tactical combat casualty care[J]. Wilderness Environ Med, 2017, 28(2S): S33-S38.
[23]
Li KY, Wang J, Sun RJ, et al. Early changes of coagulation function in a swine traumatic model within 1 hour after traumatic hemorrhagic shock induced by Gunshot injury[J]. Med J Chin PLA, 2020, 45(10): 1040-1046.
李开源, 王静, 孙荣距, 等. 猪枪弹伤模型创伤失血休克后1 h内凝血功能变化分析[J]. 解放军医学杂志, 2020, 45(10): 1040-1046.
2023年第48卷第8期
PDF下载
200
95
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316
  • 接收时间:2022-09-23
  • 首发时间:2025-11-25
  • 出版时间:2023-08-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2022-09-23
  • 录用日期:2022-11-24
基金
作者信息
    军事科学院军事医学研究院辐射医学研究所,北京 100850

通讯作者:

孟志云,E-mail:
顾若兰,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.2000.2023.0316
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏