Article(id=1200026647815614889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200026645001241395, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1213.2023.0425, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1653840000000, receivedDateStr=2022-05-30, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1664467200000, acceptedDateStr=2022-09-30, onlineDate=1764038248256, onlineDateStr=2025-11-25, pubDate=1693152000000, pubDateStr=2023-08-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764038248256, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764038248256, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764038248256, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200026645001241395, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2023', volume='48', issue='8', pageStart='871', pageEnd='992', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1764038247584, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764038741950, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200028718564474883, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200026645001241395, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200028718564474884, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200026645001241395, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=887, endPage=892, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200026648100827578, articleId=1200026647815614889, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Effects of carbamazepine on Kv7.4 channel of VTA dopaminergic neurons in epileptic rats, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the effect of carbamazepine (CBZ) on Kv7.4 channels of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain of epileptic rats. Methods 50 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, epilepsy group, and low, medium, high concentration CBZ group, 10 in each group. Except control group, rats in other groups were induced epilepsy with lithium chloride and pilocarpine to establish epilepsy rat model. After the model was successfully constructed, the rats in low, medium, and high concentration CBZ groups were given CBZ (10, 30, and 50 mg/kg) by gavage respectively, while rats in control group and epilepsy group were given the same amount of normal saline by gavage once a day for 7 days. The behavior changes of rats were observed. The malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in VTA were determinate by spectrophotometric. The protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and kv7.4 in VTA were detected by immunofluorescence and laser confocal microscopy. Western blotting was used to detecte the TH and Kv7.4 expression. Results No abnormal behavior showed with rats in control group. After pilocarpine injection, rats in epilepsy group experienced symptoms such as convulsions, chewing, and salivation, and the symptoms in low, medium, and high concentration CBZ group were alleviated. Compared with rats in control group, the MDA content of the rats in epilepsy group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the GSH content, SOD activity, number of DA neurons in the VTA region, and the expression of TH and Kv7.4 protein were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with rats in epilepsy group, the seizure latency, GSH content, SOD activity, number of DA neurons in VTA area, and TH and Kv7.4 protein expression levels significantly increased in the low, medium and high concentration CBZ group (P<0.05); seizure rate and MDA content significantly decreased in the medium and high concentration CBZ group (P<0.05). Conclusions CBZ could alleviate oxidative stress response in brain of epileptic rats, promote DA neuron activity at VTA, activate Kv7.4 channels, and relieve epileptic seizures.

, correspAuthors=Xiang Xu, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 观察卡马西平(CBZ)对癫痫大鼠中脑腹侧被盖区(VTA)多巴胺(DA)能神经元Kv7.4通道的影响。方法 50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组:对照组、癫痫组和低、中、高浓度CBZ组,每组10只。对照组以外的4组大鼠均用氯化锂-匹罗卡品诱发癫痫构建癫痫大鼠模型;模型构建成功后,低、中、高浓度CBZ组分别通过灌胃给予10、30、50 mg/kg CBZ,对照组和癫痫组灌胃给予等量生理盐水,1次/d,连续7 d。观察各组大鼠行为学表现,通过分光光度法检测VTA丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性,免疫荧光及激光共聚焦观察各组大鼠VTA区酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)、Kv7.4蛋白的表达,Western blotting检测TH、Kv7.4的表达情况。结果 对照组大鼠行为无异常;匹罗卡品注射后癫痫组大鼠出现抽搐、咀嚼、流涎等症状,低、中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠上述症状均有所缓解。与对照组比较,癫痫组大鼠VTA区MDA含量明显升高(P<0.05),GSH含量、SOD活性、DA能神经元数及TH、Kv7.4蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05);与癫痫组大鼠比较,低、中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠癫痫发作潜伏期延长,VTA区GSH含量、SOD活性、DA能神经元数及TH、Kv7.4蛋白表达水平均明显升高(P<0.05),中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠癫痫发作率、VTA区MDA含量均明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 CBZ可能通过抑制癫痫大鼠脑内氧化应激反应,促进VTA区DA能神经元活动,激活Kv7.4通道,缓解癫痫发作。

, correspAuthors=徐翔, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
徐翔,E-mail:
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王大永,医学硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脑血管病血管内介入治疗方面的研究

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王大永,医学硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脑血管病血管内介入治疗方面的研究

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Br J Pharmacol, 2017, 174(23): 4277-4294., articleTitle=Selective targeting of M-type potassium Kv 7.4 channels demonstrates their key role in the regulation of dopaminergic neuronal excitability and depression-like behaviour, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1200026656468464376, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, awardId=20397747D, language=EN, fundingSource=International Cooperation Project of Hebei Provincial Department of Science and Technology(20397747D), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1200026656564933373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, awardId=20397747D, language=CN, fundingSource=河北省科技厅国际合作课题资助项目(20397747D), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200026650080539134, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200026650088927743, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, companyId=1200026650080539134, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Neurointerventional Therapy,Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200026650093122050, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, companyId=1200026650080539134, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1唐山市工人医院神经介入科,河北唐山 063000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200026650156036615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200026650164425223, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, companyId=1200026650156036615, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Workers' Hospital,Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200026650172813833, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, companyId=1200026650156036615, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2唐山市工人医院神经外科,河北唐山 063000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1200026655281476310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Comparison of the level of TH and Kv7.4 in VTA area of rats in each group (immunofluorescence and laser confocal), figureFileSmall=zNtEobXxjcdmbYYV48bhfA==, figureFileBig=XKHjcgDkxEcmbQsqtBS03g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200026655382139609, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, language=CN, label=图1, caption=各组大鼠VTA区TH、Kv7.4免疫荧光及激光共聚焦观察结果比较

CBZ. 卡马西平;VTA. 中脑腹侧被盖区;TH. 酪氨酸羟化酶;DA. 多巴胺;A. 免疫荧光观察(400×);B. DA能神经元计数;C. 激光共聚焦观察;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与癫痫组比较,(2)P<0.05;与低浓度CBZ组比较,(3)P<0.05;与中浓度CBZ组比较,(4)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=zNtEobXxjcdmbYYV48bhfA==, figureFileBig=XKHjcgDkxEcmbQsqtBS03g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200026655688323810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Comparison results of TH and Kv7.4 protein expression in VTA area of rats in each group, figureFileSmall=dJc3S2qxNLhbJ5smS5/PLA==, figureFileBig=lNde+NiBUZYeVmudfFRDkQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200026655818347237, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组大鼠VTA区TH、Kv7.4蛋白表达水平比较

CBZ. 卡马西平;VTA. 中脑腹侧被盖区;TH. 酪氨酸羟化酶;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与癫痫组比较,(2)P<0.05;与低浓度CBZ组比较,(3)P<0.05;与中浓度CBZ组比较,(4)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=dJc3S2qxNLhbJ5smS5/PLA==, figureFileBig=lNde+NiBUZYeVmudfFRDkQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200026655927399143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

General behavioral observation results of rats in each group (n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别癫痫发作潜伏期(min, $\bar{x}±s$)

癫痫发作
[例(%)]

对照组00
癫痫组13.31±2.57(1)10(100.00)(1)
低浓度CBZ组17.84±1.32(1)(2)8(80.00)(1)
中浓度CBZ组21.24±1.54(1)(2)(3)3(30.00)(1)(2)(3)
高浓度CBZ组26.47±1.26(1)(2)(3)1(10.00)(1)(2)(3)
), ArticleFig(id=1200026656032256746, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各组大鼠一般行为学观察结果(n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别癫痫发作潜伏期(min, $\bar{x}±s$)

癫痫发作
[例(%)]

对照组00
癫痫组13.31±2.57(1)10(100.00)(1)
低浓度CBZ组17.84±1.32(1)(2)8(80.00)(1)
中浓度CBZ组21.24±1.54(1)(2)(3)3(30.00)(1)(2)(3)
高浓度CBZ组26.47±1.26(1)(2)(3)1(10.00)(1)(2)(3)
), ArticleFig(id=1200026656145502959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of MDA, GSH content and SOD activity in VTA area of rats in each group ($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分组MDA (nmol/g∙prot)GSH (ug/g∙prot)SOD (U/mg∙prot)
对照组602.12±32.13122.04±8.25124.08±10.04
癫痫组854.16±34.21(1)75.59±9.13(1)76.76±8.12(1)
低浓度CBZ组804.67±36.31(1)(2)87.16±8.24(1)87.47±7.05(1)(2)
中浓度CBZ组756.24±35.16(1)(2)(3)97.64±8.06(1)(2)(3)98.52±7.13(1)(2)(3)
高浓度CBZ组667.35±34.32(1)(2)(3)(4)108.24±8.22(1)(2)(3)(4)109.13±7.24(1)(2)(3)(4)
), ArticleFig(id=1200026656330052339, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200026647815614889, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组大鼠VTA区MDA、GSH含量及SOD活性比较($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
分组MDA (nmol/g∙prot)GSH (ug/g∙prot)SOD (U/mg∙prot)
对照组602.12±32.13122.04±8.25124.08±10.04
癫痫组854.16±34.21(1)75.59±9.13(1)76.76±8.12(1)
低浓度CBZ组804.67±36.31(1)(2)87.16±8.24(1)87.47±7.05(1)(2)
中浓度CBZ组756.24±35.16(1)(2)(3)97.64±8.06(1)(2)(3)98.52±7.13(1)(2)(3)
高浓度CBZ组667.35±34.32(1)(2)(3)(4)108.24±8.22(1)(2)(3)(4)109.13±7.24(1)(2)(3)(4)
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卡马西平对癫痫大鼠中脑腹侧被盖区多巴胺能神经元Kv7.4通道的影响
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王大永 1 , 裴剑 1 , 洪铭岩 2 , 徐翔 1, * , 高云鹤 1 , 郑宇 1 , 王凯杰 2 , 崔建忠 2
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023,48(8): 887-892
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2023, 48(8): 887-892
卡马西平对癫痫大鼠中脑腹侧被盖区多巴胺能神经元Kv7.4通道的影响
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王大永1, 裴剑1, 洪铭岩2, 徐翔1, * , 高云鹤1, 郑宇1, 王凯杰2, 崔建忠2
作者信息
  • 1唐山市工人医院神经介入科,河北唐山 063000
  • 2唐山市工人医院神经外科,河北唐山 063000
  • 王大永,医学硕士,副主任医师,主要从事脑血管病血管内介入治疗方面的研究

通讯作者:

徐翔,E-mail:
Effects of carbamazepine on Kv7.4 channel of VTA dopaminergic neurons in epileptic rats
Da-Yong Wang1, Jian Pei1, Ming-Yan Hong2, Xiang Xu1, * , Yun-He Gao1, Yu Zheng1, Kai-Jie Wang2, Jian-Zhong Cui2
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Neurointerventional Therapy,Hebei 063000, China
  • 2Department of Neurosurgery, Tangshan Workers' Hospital,Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
出版时间: 2023-08-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1213.2023.0425
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目的 观察卡马西平(CBZ)对癫痫大鼠中脑腹侧被盖区(VTA)多巴胺(DA)能神经元Kv7.4通道的影响。方法 50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组:对照组、癫痫组和低、中、高浓度CBZ组,每组10只。对照组以外的4组大鼠均用氯化锂-匹罗卡品诱发癫痫构建癫痫大鼠模型;模型构建成功后,低、中、高浓度CBZ组分别通过灌胃给予10、30、50 mg/kg CBZ,对照组和癫痫组灌胃给予等量生理盐水,1次/d,连续7 d。观察各组大鼠行为学表现,通过分光光度法检测VTA丙二醛(MDA)、还原型谷胱甘肽(GSH)含量及超氧化物岐化酶(SOD)活性,免疫荧光及激光共聚焦观察各组大鼠VTA区酪氨酸羟化酶(TH)、Kv7.4蛋白的表达,Western blotting检测TH、Kv7.4的表达情况。结果 对照组大鼠行为无异常;匹罗卡品注射后癫痫组大鼠出现抽搐、咀嚼、流涎等症状,低、中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠上述症状均有所缓解。与对照组比较,癫痫组大鼠VTA区MDA含量明显升高(P<0.05),GSH含量、SOD活性、DA能神经元数及TH、Kv7.4蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05);与癫痫组大鼠比较,低、中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠癫痫发作潜伏期延长,VTA区GSH含量、SOD活性、DA能神经元数及TH、Kv7.4蛋白表达水平均明显升高(P<0.05),中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠癫痫发作率、VTA区MDA含量均明显降低(P<0.05)。结论 CBZ可能通过抑制癫痫大鼠脑内氧化应激反应,促进VTA区DA能神经元活动,激活Kv7.4通道,缓解癫痫发作。

卡马西平  /  癫痫  /  中脑腹侧被盖区  /  多巴胺能神经元  /  Kv7.4通道

Objective To investigate the effect of carbamazepine (CBZ) on Kv7.4 channels of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) of the midbrain of epileptic rats. Methods 50 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into 5 groups: control group, epilepsy group, and low, medium, high concentration CBZ group, 10 in each group. Except control group, rats in other groups were induced epilepsy with lithium chloride and pilocarpine to establish epilepsy rat model. After the model was successfully constructed, the rats in low, medium, and high concentration CBZ groups were given CBZ (10, 30, and 50 mg/kg) by gavage respectively, while rats in control group and epilepsy group were given the same amount of normal saline by gavage once a day for 7 days. The behavior changes of rats were observed. The malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) content and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity in VTA were determinate by spectrophotometric. The protein expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and kv7.4 in VTA were detected by immunofluorescence and laser confocal microscopy. Western blotting was used to detecte the TH and Kv7.4 expression. Results No abnormal behavior showed with rats in control group. After pilocarpine injection, rats in epilepsy group experienced symptoms such as convulsions, chewing, and salivation, and the symptoms in low, medium, and high concentration CBZ group were alleviated. Compared with rats in control group, the MDA content of the rats in epilepsy group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the GSH content, SOD activity, number of DA neurons in the VTA region, and the expression of TH and Kv7.4 protein were significantly reduced (P<0.05). Compared with rats in epilepsy group, the seizure latency, GSH content, SOD activity, number of DA neurons in VTA area, and TH and Kv7.4 protein expression levels significantly increased in the low, medium and high concentration CBZ group (P<0.05); seizure rate and MDA content significantly decreased in the medium and high concentration CBZ group (P<0.05). Conclusions CBZ could alleviate oxidative stress response in brain of epileptic rats, promote DA neuron activity at VTA, activate Kv7.4 channels, and relieve epileptic seizures.

carbamazepine  /  epilepsy  /  ventral tegmental area  /  dopaminergic neuron  /  Kv7.4 channel
王大永, 裴剑, 洪铭岩, 徐翔, 高云鹤, 郑宇, 王凯杰, 崔建忠. 卡马西平对癫痫大鼠中脑腹侧被盖区多巴胺能神经元Kv7.4通道的影响. 解放军医学杂志, 2023 , 48 (8) : 887 -892 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1213.2023.0425
Da-Yong Wang, Jian Pei, Ming-Yan Hong, Xiang Xu, Yun-He Gao, Yu Zheng, Kai-Jie Wang, Jian-Zhong Cui. Effects of carbamazepine on Kv7.4 channel of VTA dopaminergic neurons in epileptic rats[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2023 , 48 (8) : 887 -892 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1213.2023.0425
癫痫是一种中枢神经系统慢性疾病,可导致精神功能短暂失调,出现认知功能障碍、惊厥、痉挛等症状,对患者的生活质量和社会功能造成严重影响[1-3]。中脑腹侧被盖区(ventral tegmental area,VTA)聚集着大量多巴胺(dopamine,DA)能神经元,参与奖赏、厌恶、慢性疼痛等多种精神性疾病[4-5]。有研究显示,癫痫的发作与多巴胺系统密切相关[6-7];Kv7.4通道是一种钾离子通道,参与调节VTA区DA能神经元的兴奋性,且在癫痫的治疗中发挥重要作用[8]。卡马西平(carbamazepine,CBZ)是一种抗癫痫药物,研究显示其能降低氯化锂-匹罗卡品(lithium-pilocarpine,Li-Pc)诱发的癫痫发作频率,减轻癫痫发作强度[9]。目前,有关CBZ对癫痫DA能神经元影响的报道较少。本研究观察CBZ对癫痫大鼠VTA区DA能神经元Kv7.4通道的影响,旨在为癫痫发病机制和治疗的相关研究提供理论依据。
8周龄SPF级雄性Wistar 大鼠50只,体重250 g左右,购自湖北省实验动物研究中心[实验动物生产许可证号:SCXK(鄂)2015-0018]。大鼠饲养于唐山怡安生物工程有限公司实验动物研究中心[实验动物使用许可证号:SYXK(冀)2020-014]。饲养环境干净、安静,温度18~25 ℃,湿度50%~80%,自由进食水。大鼠适应性饲养1周后进行实验。本研究方案经唐山市工人医院医学伦理委员会批准(批准号:TSS58684),大鼠实验遵循3R原则。
盐酸氯化锂(批号:20200321)、盐酸匹罗卡品(批号:20200415)购自美国Sigma公司;卡马西平片(规格:100 mg/片;国药准字:H37020785;批号:20201124),丙二醛(malondialdehyde,MDA)含量检测试剂盒(批号:20200617)、还原型谷胱甘肽 (reduced glutathione,GSH)含量检测试剂盒(批号:20200129)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)活性检测试剂盒(批号:20200512)购自北京索莱宝科技有限公司;抗酪氨酸羟化酶(tyrosine hydroxylase,TH)抗体(批号:20201011)、抗GAPDH抗体(批号:20201101)、IgG(Alexa Fluor® 488)抗体(批号:20201007)、抗Kv7.4抗体(批号:20200314)购自英国Abcam公司;辣根过氧化物酶标记的二抗(批号:20201101)购自北京博尔西科技有限公司;BCA蛋白浓度检测试剂盒(批号:20201102)购自上海碧云天公司;蛋白电泳及电转移装置(型号:AU5800)购自北京市六一仪器厂;酶联免疫分析仪(型号:EVO75)购自澳大利亚Techan公司;超低温冰箱(型号:MDF-U32V)购自美国Thermo公司。
将50只雄性Wistar大鼠随机分为5组:对照组、癫痫组和低、中、高浓度CBZ组,每组10只。癫痫组和低、中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠先用氯化锂-匹罗卡品诱发癫痫构建癫痫大鼠模型:腹腔注射氯化锂(127 mg/kg),20 h后背部皮下注射匹罗卡品(20 mg/kg)。注射匹罗卡品后连续2 h观察各组大鼠癫痫发作情况,并记录癫痫发作等级、潜伏期、死亡等情况。按照Racine(1972年)评级标准对癫痫发作情况进行分级:0级,无发作;1级,口、鼻、面肌阵挛;2级,节律性点头或湿狗样抖动;3级,全身震颤、前肢局限性阵挛;4级,前肢阵孪伴竖立;5级,全身强直阵挛发作伴摔倒。3级及以上定为癫痫发作。癫痫持续状态后1 h,注射地西泮10 mg/kg终止癫痫持续状态。给药:低、中、高浓度CBZ组在给予氯化锂、匹罗卡品前30 min,分别通过灌胃给予10、30、50 mg/kg CBZ;对照组、癫痫组灌胃给予等量生理盐水;观察各组大鼠一般行为学。次日后在同一时间点,低、中、高浓度CBZ组通过灌胃分别给予10、30、50 mg/kg CBZ,对照组和癫痫组灌胃给予等量生理盐水,每天1次,连续7 d。
给药结束4 h后经静脉取血,离心后使用荧光偏振免疫分析法测定各组大鼠血液中CBZ的浓度,即峰浓度。
末次给药后,每组随机选取5只大鼠,麻醉后根据大鼠脑立体定位图取VTA区组织,取一部分组织进行研磨,加入生理盐水配制比例为10%的组织匀浆备用,另一部分组织提取组织蛋白备用。分别根据MDA、GSH、SOD检测试剂盒说明书进行操作,检测VTA区组织中MDA、GSH含量和SOD活性。
末次给药后,每组随机选取5只大鼠,麻醉后用4%多聚甲醛溶液灌注固定,取脑组织放入4%多聚甲醛溶液固定2 h,移入30%蔗糖溶液,组织块沉底后,行冠状位连续冰冻切片,厚40 μm。选取VTA区切片行免疫荧光检测,加TH抗体(1∶100)、Kv7.4抗体(1∶100),4 ℃孵育48 h,加荧光二抗(TH:1∶500,Alexa Fluor® 488标记;Kv7.4:1∶1000,FITC标记),室温孵育2 h,漂洗后用荧光封片剂封片,在荧光显微镜下观察。TH是一种表达于DA能神经元的DA合成限速酶,随着DA能神经元的丢失,TH含量会同时减少,因此,以TH含量作为反映DA能神经元数量的指标。
提取大鼠剩余部分VTA区组织总蛋白,用BCA法检测蛋白浓度后,进行十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,转膜,加一抗(抗TH、Kv7.4抗体,1∶1500)4 ℃孵育过夜;次日,洗膜加二抗(1∶5000)室温孵育2 h,TBST洗膜后,加ECL发光液,在凝胶成像系统中拍照,并进行灰度值分析,以GAPDH蛋白为内参。目的蛋白相对表达水平=目的蛋白灰度值/GAPDH蛋白灰度值。
采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料符合正态分布,以$\bar{x}±s$表示,两组间比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检验。计数资料以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
对照组和癫痫组由于未进行CBZ给药,故不进行血药浓度检测。低浓度CBZ组大鼠的血液CBZ浓度为(4.61±0.82) μg/ml,中浓度CBZ组大鼠的血液CBZ浓度为(8.75±1.46) μg/ml,高浓度CBZ组大鼠的血液CBZ浓度为(10.42±2.38) μg/ml。
各浓度CBZ组血液CBZ浓度差异明显(P<0.05)。
对照组大鼠行为学表现无异常;匹罗卡品注射后癫痫组大鼠出现抽搐、咀嚼、流涎等症状,低、中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠上述症状均有所缓解。与癫痫组大鼠比较,低、中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠癫痫发作潜伏期均明显延长(P<0.05),中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠癫痫发作率均明显降低(P<0.05,表1)。
与对照组比较,癫痫组大鼠VTA区MDA含量明显升高(P<0.05),GSH含量及SOD活性明显降低(P<0.05);与癫痫组大鼠比较,低、中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠MDA含量依次降低(P<0.05),GSH含量及SOD活性均明显升高(P<0.05,表2)。
与对照组比较,癫痫组大鼠VTA区DA能神经元数明显减少(P<0.05);与癫痫组比较,低、中、高浓度组大鼠VTA区DA能神经元数均明显增多(P<0.05,图1)。
与对照组比较,癫痫组大鼠VTA区TH、Kv7.4蛋白表达水平均明显降低(P<0.05);与癫痫组大鼠相比,低、中、高浓度组大鼠VTA区TH、Kv7.4蛋白表达水平依次增高(P<0.05,图2)。
癫痫是常见的神经系统疾病,发作时出现肌阵挛、失神、强直、全面强直-阵挛等症状[11]。本研究采用Li-Pc诱发大鼠癫痫模型,模型大鼠出现抽搐、咀嚼、流涎等症状,与人类癫痫发作有相似的临床病理特征,且与Huang等[12]的报道一致,提示癫痫大鼠模型构建成功。本研究结果显示,CBZ干预治疗后大鼠癫痫发作症状有所缓解,发作潜伏期依次延长,癫痫发作率、癫痫发作分级依次降低,提示CBZ可延长癫痫发作潜伏期,有效缓解癫痫发作症状,与CBZ在抗癫痫临床治疗中的作用一致[13-14],但其具体作用机制尚未完全明了。
癫痫发作使神经元异常放电,导致脑内氧化与抗氧化作用紊乱[15-16]。MDA是脂质过氧化反应的产物,可作为过氧化指标,而SOD、GSH可作为抗氧化指标。本研究结果显示,与对照组比较,癫痫组大鼠VTA区MDA含量显著升高,GSH含量及SOD活性显著降低,提示脑内氧化应激活性变化与癫痫发作密切相关。癫痫发作时,脑内过氧化反应增强,抗氧化能力减弱,导致MDA大量产生,对神经元结构和功能造成损伤[17-18]。本研究还显示,不同浓度CBZ干预组大鼠VTA区MDA含量依次降低,GSH含量及SOD活性依次升高,与王丽[19]的研究结果一致,提示CBZ可抑制癫痫大鼠脑内的氧化应激反应,但其对神经元的作用尚需进一步研究。
有研究显示,癫痫发作时脑部神经元兴奋性异常增强,可引发过度放电,导致中枢神经系统功能失常[20]。TH是DA能神经元的标记物,可反映DA能神经元的功能状态和活动能力。DA能神经元功能障碍与癫痫发作关系密切。因此,增强DA能神经元功能有助于缓解癫痫。本研究结果显示,癫痫组大鼠VTA区TH蛋白表达水平显著降低,DA能神经元数显著减少,与Tripathi和Bozzi[21]的报道一致,提示癫痫大鼠脑内DA能神经元功能活性降低。不同浓度CBZ干预组大鼠VTA区TH蛋白表达均显著升高、DA能神经元数依次增多,提示CBZ可调控癫痫大鼠脑内VTA区TH蛋白表达,增强DA能神经元活性。有研究显示,氧化应激与DA能神经元系统功能密切相关,癫痫发作时氧化应激增强,抗氧化能力减弱,导致DA能神经元功能下降[22];推测CBZ可能通过抑制癫痫大鼠脑内氧化应激反应而增强DA能神经元的功能活性。
离子通道在神经元调节中发挥重要作用。Kv7.4通路属于Kv7/KCNQ家族,是重要的K+通道,参与调节VTA区DA能神经元的兴奋性。Kv7.4通路开放时,神经元兴奋性被抑制。研究显示,Kv7.4与癫痫等神经系统疾病的发病密切相关[23]。Li等[24]报道,Kv7.4通道下调是VTA区DA能神经元兴奋性改变的原因。本研究结果显示,与对照组比较,癫痫组大鼠VTA区Kv7.4蛋白表达水平显著降低,提示癫痫发作引起VTA区DA能神经元功能活性降低(TH阳性神经元数减少)与Kv7.4蛋白表达水平改变有关。与癫痫组比较,低、中、高浓度CBZ组大鼠VTA区Kv7.4蛋白表达依次升高,提示CBZ可调节Kv7.4蛋白表达水平;推测CBZ可激活Kv7.4通路,促进TH蛋白表达,增强癫痫大鼠VTA区DA能神经元功能活性,对癫痫发作症状有缓解作用。
综上所述,CBZ可能通过激活癫痫大鼠Kv7.4通路,促进TH蛋白表达,增强癫痫大鼠VTA区DA能神经元活性,减轻癫痫大鼠脑内氧化应激反应,缓解癫痫发作症状。上述结果为临床癫痫治疗提供了一定参考。但本研究也存在一定的不足,如未对癫痫潜伏期与急性发作期大鼠机体氧化应激水平进行比较,且CBZ对Kv7.4通路的具体作用机制还有待后续使用通路激活剂或抑制剂处理来进一步研究。另外,本研究未进行肝功能及血常规检测,可能忽视了CBZ临床应用的安全性,需要进一步深入研究。
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2023年第48卷第8期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1213.2023.0425
  • 接收时间:2022-05-30
  • 首发时间:2025-11-25
  • 出版时间:2023-08-28
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  • 收稿日期:2022-05-30
  • 录用日期:2022-09-30
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International Cooperation Project of Hebei Provincial Department of Science and Technology(20397747D)
河北省科技厅国际合作课题资助项目(20397747D)
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    1唐山市工人医院神经介入科,河北唐山 063000
    2唐山市工人医院神经外科,河北唐山 063000

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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1213.2023.0425
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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