Article(id=1200023154816020759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200023152219746543, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1564.2023.0319, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1658246400000, receivedDateStr=2022-07-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1661616000000, acceptedDateStr=2022-08-28, onlineDate=1764037415460, onlineDateStr=2025-11-25, pubDate=1698422400000, pubDateStr=2023-10-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1764037415460, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-25, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1764037415460, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764037415460, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1200023152219746543, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2023', volume='48', issue='10', pageStart='1115', pageEnd='1236', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1764037414841, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1764038706792, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1200028571126301693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200023152219746543, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1200028571126301694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1200023152219746543, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1201, endPage=1207, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1200023158041440559, articleId=1200023154816020759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Clinical and imaging analysis of abdominal lymph node enlargement in patients with autoimmune liver disease, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To evaluate the clinical value to characterize abdominal lymphadenopathy in autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) patients using computed tomography (CT). Methods We recruited 136 AILD patients (set as AILD group) from January 2015 to December 2019 and 65 patients with other liver diseases (set as control group). We assessed the volume and number of the enlarged lymph nodes in different lymph centers using CT. To evaluate the diagnosis value of abdominal lymphadenopathy for AILD, we calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of abdominal lymphadenopathy. We further employed logistic regression to analyze the risk factors associated with perihepatic lymph node enlargement. Results The abdominal lymph nodes in AILD group had significantly increased average volume and number than those in control group [(0.47±0.61) cm3 vs. (0.25±0.20) cm3;8.10±4.97 vs. 4.26±3.25, P<0.001]. The combination of the number of hepatic lymph nodes and the volume of mesenteric lymph nodes showed well diagnostic value for AILD (AUROC=0.816, P<0.001). Within 77 AILD patients, who underwent liver biopsy, patients with positive hepatic lymphadenopathy showed a significantly higher proportion of interface hepatitis in liver tissues than patients with negative hepatic lymphadenopathy (52.31% vs. 16.67%, χ2=5.169, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the serum IgG level is a risk factor for perihepatic lymph node enlargement (OR=1.012, 95%CI 1.000-1.024, P<0.05). Conclusions The enlargement of hepatic and mesenteric lymph nodes is of value in the differential diagnosis of AILD. Enlargement of hepatic lymph nodes is correlated with the disease activity in AILD.

, correspAuthors=Ying Wang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 探讨CT评估自身免疫性肝病(AILD)患者腹部淋巴结肿大的临床价值。方法 选取2015年1月-2019年12月在天津医科大学总医院就诊的136例AILD患者(设为AILD组),并以65例其他慢性肝病患者作为对照组。回顾性分析两组患者的腹部CT资料,统计腹部不同区域淋巴结的体积及数目分布,应用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUROC)评估腹部淋巴结肿大对AILD的诊断价值,并采用logistic回归分析肝周淋巴结肿大的危险因素。结果 AILD组腹部淋巴结的平均体积[(0.47±0.61) cm3 vs. (0.25±0.20) cm3]及数目[(8.10±4.97)个 vs. (4.26±3.25)个]均较对照组增大或增加(P<0.001)。肝周淋巴结数目联合肠系膜淋巴结体积诊断AILD的AUROC为0.816(P<0.001)。77例行肝组织活检的AILD患者中,肝周淋巴结阳性组肝组织中界面性肝炎的发生率高于肝周淋巴结阴性组(52.31% vs. 16.67%,χ2=5.169,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,血清IgG抗体水平增高是肝周淋巴结肿大的独立危险因素(OR=1.012,95%CI 1.000~1.024,P<0.05)。结论 肝周及肠系膜淋巴结肿大有助于AILD的鉴别诊断,肝周淋巴结肿大与AILD肝炎性活跃度相关。

, correspAuthors=王颖, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
王颖,E-mail:
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尹全乐,副主任医师,主要从事胸腹部影像诊断方面的研究

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尹全乐,副主任医师,主要从事胸腹部影像诊断方面的研究

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尹全乐,副主任医师,主要从事胸腹部影像诊断方面的研究

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J Prac Hepatol, 2022, 25(1): 38-41., articleTitle=Diagnostic value of percutaneous liver biopsy for patients with liver injury of unknown origin, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1200023171832312535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, awardId=81860109, language=EN, fundingSource=General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81860109), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1200023172016861918, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, awardId=81860109, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(81860109), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1200023172113330914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, awardId=81470834, language=EN, fundingSource=General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81470834), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1200023172264325866, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, awardId=81470834, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金面上项目(81470834), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1200023163041051035, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200023163049439646, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, companyId=1200023163041051035, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Radiology, Tianjin Port Hospital, Tianjin 300456, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200023163057828254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, companyId=1200023163041051035, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1天津港口医院放射科,天津 300456)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200023163217211813, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200023163225600424, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, companyId=1200023163217211813, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200023163233989034, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, companyId=1200023163217211813, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2天津医科大学总医院消化科,天津 300052)]), AuthorCompany(id=1200023163389178288, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200023163397566897, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, companyId=1200023163389178288, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1200023163405955507, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, companyId=1200023163389178288, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3天津医科大学总医院放射科,天津 300052)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1200023168338457211, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=CT morphological features of lymph nodes in multiple abdominal lymphatic regions, figureFileSmall=iP/KUA/VAzjMtzTKc2FeXA==, figureFileBig=0GB8TP0ipqeT9Nl77UFfng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200023169475113600, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=CN, label=图1, caption=腹部多个淋巴区淋巴结的CT形态学特征

箭头所示为肿大淋巴结

, figureFileSmall=iP/KUA/VAzjMtzTKc2FeXA==, figureFileBig=0GB8TP0ipqeT9Nl77UFfng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200023169751937672, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Distribution of enlarged abdominal lymph nodes in each lymph center in AILD group and control group, figureFileSmall=EahL6jhOjXmfX4K0R/MNnQ==, figureFileBig=DH3QRkzZkxNk8WrNv+avog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200023169856795277, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=CN, label=图2, caption=AILD组与对照组腹腔肿大淋巴结在各淋巴区的分布

AILD. 自身免疫性肝病;AIH. 自身免疫性肝炎;PBC. 原发性胆汁性胆管炎;OS. 重叠综合征;DILD. 药物性肝病;NAFLD. 非酒精性脂肪肝;ALD. 酒精性肝病

, figureFileSmall=EahL6jhOjXmfX4K0R/MNnQ==, figureFileBig=DH3QRkzZkxNk8WrNv+avog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200023169978430098, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=ROC curve for diagnosis of AILD in perihepatic and mesenteric lymph nodes, figureFileSmall=TIQ1DawNNY/wgf/artLe1g==, figureFileBig=Us77BWIOz1DjtAWJ5OMVng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200023170083287704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=CN, label=图3, caption=肝周及肠系膜淋巴结诊断AILD的ROC曲线

AILD. 自身免疫性肝病

, figureFileSmall=TIQ1DawNNY/wgf/artLe1g==, figureFileBig=Us77BWIOz1DjtAWJ5OMVng==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1200023170179756700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of the characteristics of abdominal lymph nodes between AILD group and control group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别女/男(例)年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)淋巴结肿大[例(%)]淋巴结体积(cm3, $\bar{x}±s$)淋巴结数目(个, $\bar{x}±s$)
P*0.0550.0580.6590.005<0.001
对照组
NAFLD(n=26)24/264.6±7.126(100.0)0.21±0.162.85±1.97
DILD(n=29)26/359.9±10.628(96.6)0.26±0.20(2)5.00±3.39(2)
ALD(n=10)0/1063.7±11.79(90.0)0.27±0.23(2)5.80±4.30(2)
合计(n=65)50/1562.4±9.763(96.9)0.25±0.204.26±3.25
AILD组
AIH(n=56)47/965.4±12.754(96.4)0.40±0.455.95±4.42
PBC(n=70)64/666.8±11.168(96.9)0.45±0.40(1)9.94±5.80(1)
OS(n=10)8/264.8±10.210(100.0)0.53±0.81(1)9.38±4.03(1)
合计(n=136)119/1765.5±11.4133(97.8)0.47±0.618.10±4.97
), ArticleFig(id=1200023170330751649, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

AILD组与对照组腹部淋巴结特征比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别女/男(例)年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)淋巴结肿大[例(%)]淋巴结体积(cm3, $\bar{x}±s$)淋巴结数目(个, $\bar{x}±s$)
P*0.0550.0580.6590.005<0.001
对照组
NAFLD(n=26)24/264.6±7.126(100.0)0.21±0.162.85±1.97
DILD(n=29)26/359.9±10.628(96.6)0.26±0.20(2)5.00±3.39(2)
ALD(n=10)0/1063.7±11.79(90.0)0.27±0.23(2)5.80±4.30(2)
合计(n=65)50/1562.4±9.763(96.9)0.25±0.204.26±3.25
AILD组
AIH(n=56)47/965.4±12.754(96.4)0.40±0.455.95±4.42
PBC(n=70)64/666.8±11.168(96.9)0.45±0.40(1)9.94±5.80(1)
OS(n=10)8/264.8±10.210(100.0)0.53±0.81(1)9.38±4.03(1)
合计(n=136)119/1765.5±11.4133(97.8)0.47±0.618.10±4.97
), ArticleFig(id=1200023170490135208, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of the characteristics of abdominal lymph nodes in different lymph centers between AILD group and control group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
部位淋巴结肿大[例(%)]P体积(cm3, $\bar{x}±s$)P淋巴结数目[个, M(Q1, Q3)]P

AILD组
(n=136)

对照组
(n=65)

AILD组
(n=136)

对照组
(n=65)

AILD组
(n=136)

对照组
(n=65)

膈周79(58.1)10(15.4)<0.0010.32±0.250.15±0.090.0121(0, 1)0(0, 0)<0.001
肝周113(83.1)37(56.9)<0.0010.43±0.350.31±0.220.0052(1, 4)1(0, 1)<0.001
胰周87(64.0)25(38.5)<0.0010.74±0.700.38±0.23<0.0011(0, 1)0(0, 1)<0.001
脾周15(11.0)1(1.5)0.0200.33±0.300.60±0.610.4330(0, 0)0(0, 0)0.059
门腔静脉间119(87.5)43(66.2)<0.0010.59±0.580.31±0.21<0.0011(1, 1)1(0, 1)0.002
主动脉旁88(64.7)29(44.6)0.0070.50±1.130.20±0.10<0.0011(0, 2)0(0, 1.5)0.009
肠系膜63(46.3)32(49.2)0.7730.31±0.290.15±0.10<0.0010(0, 2)0(0, 2)0.781
腹股沟24(17.6)14(21.5)0.5100.46±0.460.17±0.08<0.0010(0, 0)0(0, 0)0.480
), ArticleFig(id=1200023170620158638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

AILD组与对照组腹部淋巴结在不同淋巴区的特征比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
部位淋巴结肿大[例(%)]P体积(cm3, $\bar{x}±s$)P淋巴结数目[个, M(Q1, Q3)]P

AILD组
(n=136)

对照组
(n=65)

AILD组
(n=136)

对照组
(n=65)

AILD组
(n=136)

对照组
(n=65)

膈周79(58.1)10(15.4)<0.0010.32±0.250.15±0.090.0121(0, 1)0(0, 0)<0.001
肝周113(83.1)37(56.9)<0.0010.43±0.350.31±0.220.0052(1, 4)1(0, 1)<0.001
胰周87(64.0)25(38.5)<0.0010.74±0.700.38±0.23<0.0011(0, 1)0(0, 1)<0.001
脾周15(11.0)1(1.5)0.0200.33±0.300.60±0.610.4330(0, 0)0(0, 0)0.059
门腔静脉间119(87.5)43(66.2)<0.0010.59±0.580.31±0.21<0.0011(1, 1)1(0, 1)0.002
主动脉旁88(64.7)29(44.6)0.0070.50±1.130.20±0.10<0.0011(0, 2)0(0, 1.5)0.009
肠系膜63(46.3)32(49.2)0.7730.31±0.290.15±0.10<0.0010(0, 2)0(0, 2)0.781
腹股沟24(17.6)14(21.5)0.5100.46±0.460.17±0.08<0.0010(0, 0)0(0, 0)0.480
), ArticleFig(id=1200023170754376370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Diagnostic value of perihepatic and mesenteric lymph nodes for AILD

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量AUROC (95%CI)临界值敏感度(%)特异度(%)P
肝周淋巴结体积0.582(0.482~0.682)≥0.33 cm348.721.60.135
肝周淋巴结数目0.787(0.704~0.869)≥1.5个79.629.7<0.001
肠系膜淋巴结体积0.678(0.570~0.786)≥0.17 cm355.615.60.005
肠周淋巴结数目0.502(0.380~0.624)≥3.5个25.418.80.975
肝周淋巴结数目联合肠系膜淋巴结体积0.816(0.714~0.918)-80.412.5<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1200023170930537140, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

肝周、肠系膜淋巴结对AILD的诊断价值

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量AUROC (95%CI)临界值敏感度(%)特异度(%)P
肝周淋巴结体积0.582(0.482~0.682)≥0.33 cm348.721.60.135
肝周淋巴结数目0.787(0.704~0.869)≥1.5个79.629.7<0.001
肠系膜淋巴结体积0.678(0.570~0.786)≥0.17 cm355.615.60.005
肠周淋巴结数目0.502(0.380~0.624)≥3.5个25.418.80.975
肝周淋巴结数目联合肠系膜淋巴结体积0.816(0.714~0.918)-80.412.5<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1200023171039589049, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Comparison of clinical features between positive and negative perihepatic lymph nodes in 136 AILD patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量肝周淋巴结阳性组 (n=114)肝周淋巴结阴性组 (n=22)t/χ2/ZP
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)65.6±11.565.2±11.10.1490.882
性别(女/男, 例)99/1520/20.2791.000
TP(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$)68.80±10.0565.73±7.091.7330.085
ALB(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$)34.57±6.4936.23±6.920.7440.458
GLO(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$)36.04±8.5131.77±5.812.2490.026
ALT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]51.0(6.0, 830.0)38.5(6.0, 166.0)1.1640.244
AST[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]63.5(11.0, 113.8)48.0(11.0, 74.3)2.0210.043
ALP[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]154.5(58.0, 841.0)109.5(36.0, 585.0)3.0850.002
GGT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]121.0(14.0, 1399.0)105.50(6.0, 1142.0)1.4120.158
TBIL[mg/L, M(Q1, Q3)]216.50(27.0, 2748.0)202.50(61.0, 1364.0)0.6530.514
IgG(mg/L, $\bar{x}±s$)19 600.0±7465.015 680.0±4690.02.3740.019
IgM(mg/L, $\bar{x}±s$)2756.0±2186.01681.0±769.52.2730.025
IgA(mg/L, $\bar{x}±s$)3938.3±2082.03346.0±1191.01.2910.199
), ArticleFig(id=1200023171194778305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

136例AILD患者中肝周淋巴结阳性组与阴性组的临床特征比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量肝周淋巴结阳性组 (n=114)肝周淋巴结阴性组 (n=22)t/χ2/ZP
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)65.6±11.565.2±11.10.1490.882
性别(女/男, 例)99/1520/20.2791.000
TP(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$)68.80±10.0565.73±7.091.7330.085
ALB(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$)34.57±6.4936.23±6.920.7440.458
GLO(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$)36.04±8.5131.77±5.812.2490.026
ALT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]51.0(6.0, 830.0)38.5(6.0, 166.0)1.1640.244
AST[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]63.5(11.0, 113.8)48.0(11.0, 74.3)2.0210.043
ALP[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]154.5(58.0, 841.0)109.5(36.0, 585.0)3.0850.002
GGT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)]121.0(14.0, 1399.0)105.50(6.0, 1142.0)1.4120.158
TBIL[mg/L, M(Q1, Q3)]216.50(27.0, 2748.0)202.50(61.0, 1364.0)0.6530.514
IgG(mg/L, $\bar{x}±s$)19 600.0±7465.015 680.0±4690.02.3740.019
IgM(mg/L, $\bar{x}±s$)2756.0±2186.01681.0±769.52.2730.025
IgA(mg/L, $\bar{x}±s$)3938.3±2082.03346.0±1191.01.2910.199
), ArticleFig(id=1200023171291247300, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Comparison of pathological features between positive and negative perihepatic lymph nodes in 77 patients with AILD who underwent liver biopsy [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病理学表现

肝周淋巴结
阳性组(n=65)

肝周淋巴结
阴性组(n=12)

χ2P
汇管区炎63(96.9)11(91.7)0.7470.403
界面性肝炎34(52.3)2(16.7)5.1690.023
局灶性坏死20(30.8)2(16.7)3.0840.103
胆汁淤积13(20.0)2(16.7)0.0721.000
), ArticleFig(id=1200023171417076423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

77例行肝组织活检的AILD患者中肝周淋巴结阳性组与阴性组的病理学表现比较[例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
病理学表现

肝周淋巴结
阳性组(n=65)

肝周淋巴结
阴性组(n=12)

χ2P
汇管区炎63(96.9)11(91.7)0.7470.403
界面性肝炎34(52.3)2(16.7)5.1690.023
局灶性坏死20(30.8)2(16.7)3.0840.103
胆汁淤积13(20.0)2(16.7)0.0721.000
), ArticleFig(id=1200023171555488462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=EN, label=Tab. 6, caption=

Risk factors for enlarged perihepatic lymph nodes by logistic regression analysis

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量单因素分析多因素分析
OR(95%CI)POR(95%CI)P
GLO1.075(1.007~1.148)0.0290.617(0.307~1.243)0.177
AST1.009(0.999~1.020)0.0870.999(0.983~1.015)0.877
ALP1.006(1.000~1.012)0.0631.007(0.993~1.022)0.314
IgG1.002(1.001~1.003)0.0031.012(1.000~1.024)0.047
IgM1.006(1.001~1.011)0.0130.991(0.962~1.020)0.534
界面性肝炎5.484(1.114~27.007)0.0362.460(0.359~16.836)0.359
), ArticleFig(id=1200023171677123281, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1200023154816020759, language=CN, label=表6, caption=

Logistic回归分析肝周淋巴结肿大的危险因素

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量单因素分析多因素分析
OR(95%CI)POR(95%CI)P
GLO1.075(1.007~1.148)0.0290.617(0.307~1.243)0.177
AST1.009(0.999~1.020)0.0870.999(0.983~1.015)0.877
ALP1.006(1.000~1.012)0.0631.007(0.993~1.022)0.314
IgG1.002(1.001~1.003)0.0031.012(1.000~1.024)0.047
IgM1.006(1.001~1.011)0.0130.991(0.962~1.020)0.534
界面性肝炎5.484(1.114~27.007)0.0362.460(0.359~16.836)0.359
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自身免疫性肝病患者腹部淋巴结肿大的临床及影像学特征分析
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尹全乐 1 , 张红霞 2 , 陈旭 2 , 周璐 2 , 王颖 3, *
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2023,48(10): 1201-1207
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解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2023, 48(10): 1201-1207
自身免疫性肝病患者腹部淋巴结肿大的临床及影像学特征分析
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尹全乐1, 张红霞2, 陈旭2, 周璐2, 王颖3, *
作者信息
  • 1天津港口医院放射科,天津 300456
  • 2天津医科大学总医院消化科,天津 300052
  • 3天津医科大学总医院放射科,天津 300052
  • 尹全乐,副主任医师,主要从事胸腹部影像诊断方面的研究

通讯作者:

王颖,E-mail:
Clinical and imaging analysis of abdominal lymph node enlargement in patients with autoimmune liver disease
Quan-Le Yin1, Hong-Xia Zhang2, Xu Chen2, Lu Zhou2, Ying Wang3, *
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Radiology, Tianjin Port Hospital, Tianjin 300456, China
  • 2Department of Gastroenterology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
  • 3Department of Radiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin 300052, China
出版时间: 2023-10-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1564.2023.0319
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目的 探讨CT评估自身免疫性肝病(AILD)患者腹部淋巴结肿大的临床价值。方法 选取2015年1月-2019年12月在天津医科大学总医院就诊的136例AILD患者(设为AILD组),并以65例其他慢性肝病患者作为对照组。回顾性分析两组患者的腹部CT资料,统计腹部不同区域淋巴结的体积及数目分布,应用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUROC)评估腹部淋巴结肿大对AILD的诊断价值,并采用logistic回归分析肝周淋巴结肿大的危险因素。结果 AILD组腹部淋巴结的平均体积[(0.47±0.61) cm3 vs. (0.25±0.20) cm3]及数目[(8.10±4.97)个 vs. (4.26±3.25)个]均较对照组增大或增加(P<0.001)。肝周淋巴结数目联合肠系膜淋巴结体积诊断AILD的AUROC为0.816(P<0.001)。77例行肝组织活检的AILD患者中,肝周淋巴结阳性组肝组织中界面性肝炎的发生率高于肝周淋巴结阴性组(52.31% vs. 16.67%,χ2=5.169,P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,血清IgG抗体水平增高是肝周淋巴结肿大的独立危险因素(OR=1.012,95%CI 1.000~1.024,P<0.05)。结论 肝周及肠系膜淋巴结肿大有助于AILD的鉴别诊断,肝周淋巴结肿大与AILD肝炎性活跃度相关。

自身免疫性肝病  /  腹部淋巴结  /  疾病活动性  /  计算机断层扫描

Objective To evaluate the clinical value to characterize abdominal lymphadenopathy in autoimmune liver diseases (AILD) patients using computed tomography (CT). Methods We recruited 136 AILD patients (set as AILD group) from January 2015 to December 2019 and 65 patients with other liver diseases (set as control group). We assessed the volume and number of the enlarged lymph nodes in different lymph centers using CT. To evaluate the diagnosis value of abdominal lymphadenopathy for AILD, we calculated the area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROC) of abdominal lymphadenopathy. We further employed logistic regression to analyze the risk factors associated with perihepatic lymph node enlargement. Results The abdominal lymph nodes in AILD group had significantly increased average volume and number than those in control group [(0.47±0.61) cm3 vs. (0.25±0.20) cm3;8.10±4.97 vs. 4.26±3.25, P<0.001]. The combination of the number of hepatic lymph nodes and the volume of mesenteric lymph nodes showed well diagnostic value for AILD (AUROC=0.816, P<0.001). Within 77 AILD patients, who underwent liver biopsy, patients with positive hepatic lymphadenopathy showed a significantly higher proportion of interface hepatitis in liver tissues than patients with negative hepatic lymphadenopathy (52.31% vs. 16.67%, χ2=5.169, P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that the serum IgG level is a risk factor for perihepatic lymph node enlargement (OR=1.012, 95%CI 1.000-1.024, P<0.05). Conclusions The enlargement of hepatic and mesenteric lymph nodes is of value in the differential diagnosis of AILD. Enlargement of hepatic lymph nodes is correlated with the disease activity in AILD.

autoimmune liver diseases  /  abdominal lymph node  /  disease activity  /  computed tomography
尹全乐, 张红霞, 陈旭, 周璐, 王颖. 自身免疫性肝病患者腹部淋巴结肿大的临床及影像学特征分析. 解放军医学杂志, 2023 , 48 (10) : 1201 -1207 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1564.2023.0319
Quan-Le Yin, Hong-Xia Zhang, Xu Chen, Lu Zhou, Ying Wang. Clinical and imaging analysis of abdominal lymph node enlargement in patients with autoimmune liver disease[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2023 , 48 (10) : 1201 -1207 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1564.2023.0319
自身免疫性肝病(autoimmune liver diseases,AILD)是一种自身免疫介导的炎症性肝病,包括自身免疫性肝炎(autoimmune hepatitis,AIH)、原发性胆汁性胆管炎(primary biliary cholangitis,PBC)、原发性硬化性胆管炎(primary sclerosing cholangitis,PSC)、重叠综合征(overlap syndrome,OS)及IgG4硬化性胆管炎(IgG4-sclerosing cholangitis,IgG4-SC)等[1],其中以AIH、PBC及OS常见。腹部器官的区域引流淋巴结对清除侵袭性病原体、防止病原体系统性传播及维持免疫稳态具有重要意义,肝脏作为机体重要的免疫代谢器官,通过门静脉接收肠道菌群来源的营养物质及内毒素,肠道内稳态破坏会导致免疫状态改变及各种肝脏疾病[2-3]
慢性肝病腹部淋巴结肿大的发生率为40%~100%,但大多数研究仅限于采用超声检查肝周淋巴结,易受气体干扰,且存在扫描盲区,从而可能会导致结果的不同[4]。计算机断层扫描(computed tomography,CT)具有较高的特异度、敏感度及分辨率,弥补了超声检查的多种局限,包括操作者之间的差异及结构的重叠[5]。本研究采用CT评价AILD患者腹部淋巴结的特点,评估腹部淋巴结对AILD及其他慢性肝病的鉴别诊断价值,并在AILD患者中探讨了其与肝炎活跃度的相关性。
选取2015年1月-2019年12月在天津医科大学总医院就诊的471例AILD患者,进行质量控制后,排除335例(肿瘤病史19例,合并病毒性肝炎19例,合并脂肪肝45例,合并药物性肝病37例,无腹部CT检查215例),最终纳入确诊且具有完整腹部CT资料的AILD患者136例(包括56例AIH,70例PBC,10例OS),采用欧洲肝脏研究协会(EASL)指南、美国肝病研究学会(AASLD)指南及巴黎标准分别诊断AIH、PBC及OS[6-8]。另选取65例其他慢性肝病患者作为对照组,包括29例药物性肝病(drug induced liver disease,DILD)、26例非酒精性脂肪肝(nonalcoholic fatty liver,NAFLD)及10例酒精性肝病(alcoholic liver disease,ALD)。选择此三种肝病的原因在于其临床表现及血清学检测结果与AILD具有较高的重叠性,鉴别诊断有一定的困难。AILD组与对照组的性别构成及年龄比较差异均无统计学意义(表1)。
所有患者均在首诊时、治疗开始前行CT检查。使用64排或16排螺旋CT(美国GE公司)进行扫描。患者检查前禁食4 h以上,在检查台上取仰卧位,屏气进行扫描,扫描范围自横膈至耻骨联合水平。扫描参数:管电压为120 kV,电流为240 mA,螺距默认值1.375︰1,显示野(field of view,FOV)360 mm,图像矩阵512×512。采用标准算法重建,获得1.25 mm层厚连续轴位无重叠图像。增强扫描应用高压注射器在肘静脉快速注射非离子型碘对比剂(碘帕醇,碘含量370 mg/ml),按患者体重计算剂量,注射速率为3.0 ml/s,于注入对比剂后30、60、180 s进行扫描。将采集的图像传至工作站进行分析。
在Dr.Wise Multimodal Research Platform v1.6.2科研平台上进行图像分析,由两位观察者独立对1.25 mm层厚软组织窗(窗宽400 HU,窗位40 HU)图像进行分析,记录腹部肿大淋巴结的位置,包括膈周、肝周、门腔静脉间隙、胰周、脾周、肠系膜区、腹主动脉旁及腹股沟区(图1),测量最大层面的长径(a)及相应的垂直径(b),由两位有十年以上工作经验的影像医师测量的平均值作为终值。两位观察者意见不一致时,由第三位高年资影像学专家决策。对长径大于1 cm的淋巴结进行计数并计算淋巴结体积[4]。淋巴结体积=a/2×(b/2)2×4/3π(假设淋巴结为椭球体)[9]
对136例AILD患者行血清学指标检查,包括总蛋白(total protein,TP)、白蛋白(albumin,ALB)、球蛋白(globulin,GLO)、谷丙转氨酶(alanine aminotransferase,ALT)、谷草转氨酶(aspartate aminotransferase,AST)、碱性磷酸酶(alkaline phosphatase,ALP)、谷氨酸转肽酶(glutamate transpeptidase,GGT)、总胆红素(total bilirubin,TBIL),以及血清免疫球蛋白IgG、IgM、IgA。此外,对77例AILD患者进行肝组织活检,并评估汇管区炎症、界板性炎、局灶性坏死及胆汁淤积的形态学变化。
采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析,符合正态分布的连续变量以$\bar{x}±s$表示,组间比较采用单因素方差分析或t检验;非正态分布的数据以M(Q1Q3)表示,组间比较采用秩和检验;分类变量以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。采用logistic回归分析肝周淋巴结肿大的危险因素。应用受试者工作特征曲线下面积(AUROC)评估腹部淋巴结肿大对AILD的诊断价值。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
AILD患者的肿大淋巴结常为雪茄状或卵圆形,边缘光滑,无融合现象(图1)。
136例AILD患者共有1151个淋巴结肿大,65例对照组患者共有300个淋巴结肿大。AILD组腹部淋巴结平均体积及数量均高于对照组(P<0.001)。AIH亚组腹部淋巴结体积及数量与PBC及OS亚组比较均减少(P<0.05),NAFLD亚组腹部淋巴结体积及数量与DILD及ALD亚组比较亦减少(P<0.05,表1)。AILD组膈周、肝周、胰周、脾周、门腔静脉间及主动脉旁淋巴结肿大发生率高于对照组(P<0.05)。AILD组膈周、肝周、胰周、门腔静脉间、主动脉旁淋巴结肿大的平均体积及数目均大于或多于对照组(P<0.01)。AILD组肠系膜及腹股沟淋巴区淋巴结平均体积大于对照组(P<0.001,表2)。AILD患者的腹腔肿大淋巴结主要分布于肝周及肠系膜(图2)。
鉴于肝周及肠系膜区淋巴结肿大在两组患者中占比均较高,本研究将其肿大淋巴结的数目及体积纳入AILD的诊断分析,结果显示,肝周淋巴结数目及肠系膜淋巴结体积对AILD均具有诊断价值(P<0.001),以肝周淋巴结数目≥1.5个作为临界值,AUROC为0.787;以肠系膜淋巴结体积≥0.17 cm3作为临界值,AUROC为0.678。联合此两项指标,AUROC为0.816,敏感度高达80.4%(图3表3)。
鉴于AILD患者肝周淋巴结肿大发生率高、体积大、数目多,依此将AILD患者分为两个亚组,即肝周淋巴结阳性组(114例)与肝周淋巴结阴性组(22例)。分析两组的血清学指标,结果显示,肝周淋巴结阳性组血清GLO、AST、ALP、IgG、IgM水平较肝周淋巴结阴性组增高(P<0.05,表4)。
根据肝周淋巴结阳性情况将77例行肝组织活检的AILD患者分为肝周淋巴结阳性组(65例)与肝周淋巴结阴性组(12例),肝周淋巴结阳性组界面性肝炎的发生率高于肝周淋巴结阴性组(P<0.05,表5)。
以肝周淋巴结肿大为因变量(有=1,无=0),以界面性肝炎(有=1,无=0)及GLO、AST、ALP、IgG、IgM水平为自变量进行多因素logistic回归分析,结果显示,IgG水平增高是肝周淋巴结肿大的独立危险因素(P<0.05,表6)。
近年来,AILD的发病率显著增高,已成为慢性肝病甚至肝硬化的主要病因之一[10-11]。AILD亚型各具特点,涉及多种致病机制,在诊断及治疗上仍具有很大挑战[12]
淋巴结是病原体的主要聚集部位,是防止或限制病原体全身分布的必要过滤器[13-14]。腹部淋巴结肿大对疾病的诊断具有重要的辅助价值,其涉及的疾病主要有良性反应性淋巴结、神经鞘瘤、腹膜后纤维化、结节病、原发性或转移性癌、白血病及腹膜恶性肿瘤等[15]。近年来研究发现,在自身免疫性疾病特别是自身免疫性肝病中,腹部淋巴结肿大对疾病的诊断及病因推测具有重要价值。Dietrich等[16]研究发现,自身免疫性疾病(原发性胆汁性肝硬化、自身免疫性肝炎及肝肾微粒体抗体阳性慢性肝炎,分别占33%、25%及22%)比非自身免疫性疾病(隐匿性、酒精性及乙肝病毒相关慢性肝炎,分别占16%、12%及10%)更易发生淋巴结肿大。本研究结果显示,腹部淋巴结肿大是AILD患者的常见表现,其发生率高达97%,AILD组与对照组的性别及年龄差异均无统计学意义。此外,AILD组肿大淋巴结的平均体积及数量均大于或多于对照组,亚型/亚组分析发现PBC及OS患者更易发生腹部淋巴结肿大,提示腹部淋巴结肿大是AILD的重要风险因素。
Dietrich等[16]采用实时超声检测227例慢性肝病患者,共检测到42例(占18.5%)腹部淋巴结肿大,主要是门静脉周围淋巴结肿大。有研究表明,肝病患者淋巴结肿大特别是肝十二指肠韧带淋巴结肿大的发生率较高,其诊断慢性病毒性肝炎的敏感度为70%,特异度为89%[17]。本研究发现,肿大的淋巴结分布在腹部不同的部位,AILD组膈周、肝周、胰周、脾周、门腔静脉间及主动脉旁淋巴结肿大发生率明显高于对照组,提示AILD患者的免疫应答并不局限于肝脏,可能是一种多器官参与的全身性自身免疫性疾病。Braden等[9]研究了263例慢性肝病患者,发现86%伴有病毒性肝炎、90%伴有自身免疫性肝炎、100%伴有原发性硬化性胆管炎、97%伴有原发性胆汁性肝硬化且存在肝周淋巴结肿大。肝周淋巴结肿大也是慢性丙型肝炎、急性肝炎暴发期患者的常见表现[18-19]。肝周淋巴结肿大是自身免疫性肝炎的典型超声征象[20]。本研究通过CT扫描发现,AILD患者的腹部淋巴结肿大主要分布在肝周及肠系膜区域,肝周是AILD淋巴结肿大的热点区域,肠系膜是NAFLD及ALD较常见的分布区域。本研究发现,肝周淋巴结的数目及肠系膜淋巴结体积对AILD具有一定的诊断价值,腹部淋巴结肿大尤其是肝周及肠系膜区域淋巴结肿大在AILD中的占比较高,而腹腔淋巴结肿大作为单一指标在AILD诊断中的价值较低。腹腔淋巴结肿大与其他参数联合应用可能具有潜在的鉴别诊断价值。
淋巴结在结构及功能上主要具有两个关键功能:病原体防御及适应性免疫的协调[2]。Muller等[21]报道肝脏淋巴结肿大与宿主的免疫细胞反应有关,淋巴结总体积与肝脏坏死炎性标志物及纤维化程度有关。IgG升高是AIH特征性的血清免疫学改变之一,可反映肝内炎性反应的程度[22]。王炜等[23]研究174例AILD患者发现,反映肝细胞损伤的酶学指标ALT、AST在AIH组升高最明显,而反映胆管损伤的指标ALP、GGT在PBC组升高明显,且AIH组IgG水平高于PBC组及OS组。本研究发现,自身免疫性肝病患者的血清学指标均有增高,其中肝周淋巴结肿大的AILD患者ALP、AST及GLO水平显著高于肝周淋巴结阴性组,IgM及IgG水平亦明显高于肝周淋巴结阴性组,且IgG水平增高是AILD患者肝周淋巴结肿大的独立危险因素。由于AILD患者肝功能可能正常,且其血清学检测结果可能不典型(如免疫球蛋白水平不高或抗核抗体阴性等),临床上易被忽视,导致其诊断较为困难,因此肝脏病理学检查如界面性肝炎、淋巴-浆细胞浸润、局灶性肝坏死及胆汁淤积等对于AILD的诊断有重要指导价值[24]。本研究77例行肝组织活检的AILD患者中,肝周淋巴结阳性组界面性肝炎的发生率高于肝周淋巴结阴性组,表明AILD患者肝周淋巴结肿大与疾病活动性有关,IgG与肝周淋巴结肿大的关系最为密切。
本研究的局限性在于病例数量有限,且为单中心回顾性研究,PSC样本量很少,结论偏倚会比较大,而IgG4-SC易引起多脏器受累,其淋巴结肿大的影响因素较多,故未纳入分析。本研究选择NAFLD、ALD及DILD患者作为对照组,有些DILD患者可能并发AILD,这也可能会影响结果的准确性。此外,淋巴结肿大在AILD发病机制中的作用有待进一步开展前瞻性多中心研究,以评估其在AILD诊断及随访中的价值。
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(81860109)
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(81470834)
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2023年第48卷第10期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1564.2023.0319
  • 接收时间:2022-07-20
  • 首发时间:2025-11-25
  • 出版时间:2023-10-28
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  • 收稿日期:2022-07-20
  • 录用日期:2022-08-28
基金
General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81860109)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81860109)
General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81470834)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81470834)
作者信息
    1天津港口医院放射科,天津 300456
    2天津医科大学总医院消化科,天津 300052
    3天津医科大学总医院放射科,天津 300052

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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