Article(id=1199335055014330522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1199335049175859209, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1682524800000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-27, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1688400000000, acceptedDateStr=2023-07-04, onlineDate=1763873359683, onlineDateStr=2025-11-23, pubDate=1711555200000, pubDateStr=2024-03-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763873359683, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763873359683, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763873359683, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199335049175859209, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2024', volume='49', issue='3', pageStart='245', pageEnd='366', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1763873358291, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763874044185, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1199337926086721596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1199335049175859209, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1199337926086721597, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1199335049175859209, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=316, endPage=322, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199335056062906539, articleId=1199335055014330522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Effects of total saponins of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim on cognitive function and neurovascular unit in 2-VO model rats, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To observe the effects of total saponins of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim (TST) on vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), neurovascular units (NVUs), and neural circuit integrity in rats. Methods Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, model group, TST group (intragastric administration, 100 mg/kg), and donepezil group (intragastric administration, 0.45 mg/kg), and then subjected to ischemic stroke by 2-VO method (bilateral common carotid artery ligation) or sham surgery. After 28 days of intragastric administration, Mirros water maze test was performed to evaluate the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats in each group. HE and Nissl staining were used to observe the pathological changes of brain tissue in rats. The expression of synuclein (SYN) in rat hippocampus was observed by immunohistochemical staining. Changes in dendritic spines in rat's hippocampal neurons were observed by Golgi staining. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) in rat's hippocampus in each group. Results In Mirros water maze test, rats in model group showed significant prolonged escape latency (P<0.05), and a significant reduction in the number of crossing platforms and the percentage of activity time in the target quadrant (P<0.05) than those in sham-operated group; while rats in TST group and donepezil group showed significant shortened escape latency (P<0.01), and significant increase of the number of times of crossing platforms and the percentage of activity time in the target quadrant (P<0.05) than those in model group. Compared of sham-operated group, model group showed a decrease in the expression of SYN and the number of neurons, Nissl bodies, and dendritic spines in the CA1 region of the hippocampus (P<0.05). Compared with model group, TST group and donepezil group showed an increase in the expression of SYN and the number of neurons, Nissl bodies, and dendritic spines in the CA1 region of the hippocampus (P<0.05). Western blotting showed a significant increase in the expression of IL-1β and VEGF (P<0.05), and a decrease in the expression of IL-10, PSD95, and GAP43 (P<0.01) in rat's hippocampus of model group than those in sham-operated group. Compared with model group, TST group and donepezil group showed a significant decrease in the expression of IL-1β (P<0.05), and an increase in the expression of VEGFA, IL-10, and GAP43 (P<0.05). Conclusions TST could alleviate cognitive impairment through promoting synaptic plasticity and neurovascular unit remodeling in 2-VO model rats, suggesting its significance as a potential drug for apoplexy.

, correspAuthors=Xian-Bing Chen, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Dan Yang, Li-Jun Yang, Xian-E Tang, Gang Wang, Ren-Ze Duan, Xian-Bing Chen), CN=ArticleExt(id=1199335058042618143, articleId=1199335055014330522, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=CN, title=延龄草总皂苷对2-VO模型大鼠认知功能及神经血管单元的作用, columnId=1190310110472798614, journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, columnName=基础研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 观察延龄草总皂苷(TST)对大鼠的血管性认知障碍及其神经血管单元(NVU)和神经环路完整性的作用。方法 将48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、TST组及多奈哌齐组,每组12只。除假手术组外,其他3组大鼠均采用双侧颈总动脉结扎(2-VO)法建立脑缺血后认知障碍模型。造模后,TST组给予TST 100 mg/kg灌胃,多奈哌齐组给予盐酸多奈哌齐0.45 mg/kg灌胃,对照组及模型组给予同体积的生理盐水,1次/d,连续28 d。采用水迷宫实验检测各组大鼠的认知功能;HE、尼氏染色观察大鼠脑组织病理改变;免疫组织化学染色观察大鼠海马突触核蛋白 (SYN)的表达情况;高尔基染色观察海马神经元树突棘的变化;Western blotting检测各组大鼠海马组织白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-10、血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)、突触后致密蛋白95(PSD95)和生长关联蛋白43(GAP43)表达水平。结果 水迷宫实验结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠的逃避潜伏期延长(P<0.05),穿越平台次数和在目标象限的停留时间比均减少(P<0.05);与模型组比较,TST组和多奈哌齐组逃避潜伏期缩短(P<0.01),穿越平台次数和在目标象限的停留时间比增多(P<0.05)。与假手术组比较,模型组海马CA1区神经元、尼氏小体、树突棘数量和SYN表达量减少(P<0.05);与模型组比较,TST组和多奈哌齐组神经元、尼氏小体、树突棘数量和SYN表达量增多(P<0.05)。Western blotting结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠海马组织IL-1β、VEGFA表达水平升高(P<0.05),PSD95、GAP43表达水平降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,TST组和多奈哌齐组IL-1β表达水平均降低(P<0.05),VEGFA、IL-10、GAP43表达水平均升高(P<0.05)。结论 TST可能通过促进突触可塑性和NVU重塑减轻2-VO模型大鼠的认知障碍,有望用于卒中的治疗。

, correspAuthors=陈显兵, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
陈显兵,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=VFeTQ9ejDNts7p63vDbBTA==, magXml=tGa5AkQBzvlk711wCxo9hA==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=S1LnP8D85V7feJ4ID88XLg==, pdfFileSize=3420097, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=RFbljh3QPLun5oLrw7kcqA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=FjIbx12ZrKQZxUns4ccKUA==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

杨丹,硕士研究生,主要从事心脑疾病中医药防治方面的研究

, authorsList=杨丹, 杨丽君, 唐鲜娥, 王刚, 段壬泽, 陈显兵)}, authors=[Author(id=1199335058868896075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1199335059007308117, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335058868896075, language=EN, stringName=Dan Yang, firstName=Dan, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1199335059175080282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335058868896075, language=CN, stringName=杨丹, firstName=丹, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000
2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000
3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000
4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000, bio={"content":"

杨丹,硕士研究生,主要从事心脑疾病中医药防治方面的研究

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

杨丹,硕士研究生,主要从事心脑疾病中医药防治方面的研究

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1199335058281693487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058290082097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058294276401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058441077045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058445271350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058453659959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058558517565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058566906173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058571100479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058692735301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058701123909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058705318215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000)])]), Author(id=1199335060328513886, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1199335060450148712, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335060328513886, language=EN, stringName=Li-Jun Yang, firstName=Li-Jun, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1199335060559200623, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335060328513886, language=CN, stringName=杨丽君, firstName=丽君, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000
2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000
3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000
4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1199335058281693487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058290082097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058294276401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058441077045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058445271350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058453659959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058558517565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058566906173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058571100479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058692735301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058701123909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058705318215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000)])]), Author(id=1199335060685029748, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1199335060827636097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335060685029748, language=EN, stringName=Xian-E Tang, firstName=Xian-E, middleName=null, lastName=Tang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1199335060911522181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335060685029748, language=CN, stringName=唐鲜娥, firstName=鲜娥, middleName=null, lastName=唐, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000
2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000
3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000
4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1199335058281693487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058290082097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058294276401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058441077045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058445271350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058453659959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058558517565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058566906173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058571100479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058692735301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058701123909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058705318215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000)])]), Author(id=1199335060982825356, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1199335061104460181, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335060982825356, language=EN, stringName=Gang Wang, firstName=Gang, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1199335061184151959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335060982825356, language=CN, stringName=王刚, firstName=刚, middleName=null, lastName=王, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000
2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000
3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000
4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1199335058281693487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058290082097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058294276401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058441077045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058445271350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058453659959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058558517565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058566906173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058571100479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058692735301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058701123909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058705318215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000)])]), Author(id=1199335061280620957, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1199335061452587429, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335061280620957, language=EN, stringName=Ren-Ze Duan, firstName=Ren-Ze, middleName=null, lastName=Duan, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1199335061544862123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335061280620957, language=CN, stringName=段壬泽, firstName=壬泽, middleName=null, lastName=段, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, address=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000
2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000
3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000
4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1199335058281693487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058290082097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058294276401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058441077045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058445271350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058453659959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058558517565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058566906173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058571100479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058692735301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058701123909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058705318215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000)])]), Author(id=1199335061687468465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=chenxianbing7612@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1199335061968486841, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335061687468465, language=EN, stringName=Xian-Bing Chen, firstName=Xian-Bing, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, *, address=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1199335062085927359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, authorId=1199335061687468465, language=CN, stringName=陈显兵, firstName=显兵, middleName=null, lastName=陈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, 2, 3, 4, *, address=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000
2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000
3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000
4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1199335058281693487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058290082097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058294276401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058441077045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058445271350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058453659959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058558517565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058566906173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058571100479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058692735301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058701123909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058705318215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1199335062224339398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=total saponins of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim), Keyword(id=1199335062337585613, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=2-VO), Keyword(id=1199335062463414737, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=cognitive function), Keyword(id=1199335062580855254, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=neurovascular unit), Keyword(id=1199335062677324250, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=apoplexy), Keyword(id=1199335062790570462, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=延龄草总皂苷), Keyword(id=1199335062945759714, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=2-VO), Keyword(id=1199335063079977446, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=认知功能), Keyword(id=1199335063298081257, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=神经血管单元), Keyword(id=1199335063398744555, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=卒中)], refs=[Reference(id=1199335066393477669, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=49, issue=4, pageStart=1083, pageEnd=1091, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=马志楠, 张雪竹, journalName=吉林大学学报(医学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=马志楠, 张雪竹. 血管性轻度认知障碍的潜在生物标志物研究进展[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2023, 49(4): 1083-1091., articleTitle=血管性轻度认知障碍的潜在生物标志物研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335066468975143, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=69, issue=5, pageStart=567, pageEnd=571, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Wolf PA, journalName=Arch Neurol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wolf PA. Contributions of the Framingham Heart Study to stroke and dementia epidemiologic research at 60 years[J]. Arch Neurol, 2012, 69(5): 567-571., articleTitle=Contributions of the Framingham Heart Study to stroke and dementia epidemiologic research at 60 years, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335066561249834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=7, issue=2, pageStart=e105, pageEnd=e125, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=Nichols E, Steinmetz JD, Vollset SE, journalName=Lancet Public Health, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nichols E, Steinmetz JD, Vollset SE, et al. Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019[J]. Lancet Public Health, 2022, 7(2): e105-e125., articleTitle=Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335066636747309, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=7, issue=9, pageStart=812, pageEnd=826, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Kalaria RN, Maestre GE, Arizaga R, journalName=Lancet Neurol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kalaria RN, Maestre GE, Arizaga R, et al. Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in developing countries: prevalence, management, and risk factors[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2008, 7(9): 812-826., articleTitle=Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in developing countries: prevalence, management, and risk factors, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335066724827694, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2008, volume=14, issue=5, pageStart=497, pageEnd=500, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=Lo EH, journalName=Nat Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lo EH. A new penumbra: transitioning from injury into repair after stroke[J]. Nat Med, 2008, 14(5): 497-500., articleTitle=A new penumbra: transitioning from injury into repair after stroke, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335066817102383, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=4, issue=null, pageStart=18003, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=van der Flier WM, Skoog I, Schneider JA, journalName=Nat Rev Dis Primers, refType=null, unstructuredReference=van der Flier WM, Skoog I, Schneider JA, et al. Vascular cognitive impairment[J]. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2018, 4: 18003., articleTitle=Vascular cognitive impairment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335066913571379, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=131, issue=19, pageStart=2451, pageEnd=2468, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Duncombe J, Kitamura A, Hase Y, journalName=Clin Sci (Lond), refType=null, unstructuredReference=Duncombe J, Kitamura A, Hase Y, et al. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion: a key mechanism leading to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. Closing the translational gap between rodent models and human vascular cognitive impairment and dementia[J]. Clin Sci (Lond), 2017, 131(19): 2451-2468., articleTitle=Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion: a key mechanism leading to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. Closing the translational gap between rodent models and human vascular cognitive impairment and dementia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067005846068, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=9, issue=1, pageStart=14102, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=Park JH, Hong JH, Lee SW, journalName=Sci Rep, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Park JH, Hong JH, Lee SW, et al. The effect of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on the pathology of Alzheimer's disease: a positron emission tomography study in rats[J]. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 14102., articleTitle=The effect of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on the pathology of Alzheimer's disease: a positron emission tomography study in rats, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067085537847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=12, issue=19, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Liu Z, Tang Y, Zhang Z, journalName=Adv Healthc Mater, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Liu Z, Tang Y, Zhang Z, et al. Engineering neurovascular unit and blood-brain barrier for ischemic stroke modeling[J]. Adv Healthc Mater, 2023, 12(19): e2202638., articleTitle=Engineering neurovascular unit and blood-brain barrier for ischemic stroke modeling, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067173618232, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1992, volume=42, issue=5, pageStart=976, pageEnd=982, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=Mori E, Yoneda Y, Tabuchi M, journalName=Neurology, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mori E, Yoneda Y, Tabuchi M, et al. Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute carotid artery territory stroke[J]. Neurology, 1992, 42(5): 976-982., articleTitle=Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute carotid artery territory stroke, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067253310011, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=12, issue=null, pageStart=689625, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=Bai X, Zhang M, journalName=Front Pharmacol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Bai X, Zhang M. Traditional Chinese medicine intervenes in vascular dementia: traditional medicine brings new expectations[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12: 689625., articleTitle=Traditional Chinese medicine intervenes in vascular dementia: traditional medicine brings new expectations, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067324613182, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=38, issue=3, pageStart=88, pageEnd=90, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=郭芬, 沈倩, 刘欣欣, journalName=湖北民族大学学报(医学版), refType=null, unstructuredReference=郭芬, 沈倩, 刘欣欣. 多奈哌齐治疗脑卒中后认知障碍[J]. 湖北民族大学学报(医学版), 2021, 38(3): 88-90., articleTitle=多奈哌齐治疗脑卒中后认知障碍, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067416887873, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=170, issue=null, pageStart=105750, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Yang Q, Wei X, Deng B, journalName=Neurobiol Dis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang Q, Wei X, Deng B, et al. Cerebral small vessel disease alters neurovascular unit regulation of microcirculation integrity involved in vascular cognitive impairment[J]. Neurobiol Dis, 2022, 170: 105750., articleTitle=Cerebral small vessel disease alters neurovascular unit regulation of microcirculation integrity involved in vascular cognitive impairment, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067483996740, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=14, issue=null, pageStart=858429, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Nelson AR, journalName=Front Aging Neurosci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Nelson AR. Peripheral pathways to neurovascular unit dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease[J]. Front Aging Neurosci, 2022, 14: 858429., articleTitle=Peripheral pathways to neurovascular unit dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067567882823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=34, issue=null, pageStart=77, pageEnd=87, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Cai W, Zhang K, Li P, journalName=Ageing Res Rev, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Cai W, Zhang K, Li P, et al. Dysfunction of the neurovascular unit in ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative diseases: an aging effect[J]. Ageing Res Rev, 2017, 34: 77-87., articleTitle=Dysfunction of the neurovascular unit in ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative diseases: an aging effect, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067668546121, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=98, issue=null, pageStart=516, pageEnd=522, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Wang L, Du J, Zhao F, journalName=Biomed Pharmacother, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang L, Du J, Zhao F, et al. Trillium tschonoskii maxim saponin mitigates D-galactose-induced brain aging of rats through rescuing dysfunctional autophagy mediated by Rheb-mTOR signal pathway[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2018, 98: 516-522., articleTitle=Trillium tschonoskii maxim saponin mitigates D-galactose-induced brain aging of rats through rescuing dysfunctional autophagy mediated by Rheb-mTOR signal pathway, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067731460683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=315, issue=5, pageStart=H1402, pageEnd=H1413, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=Ward R, Valenzuela JP, Li W, journalName=Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ward R, Valenzuela JP, Li W, et al. Poststroke cognitive impairment and hippocampal neurovascular remodeling: the impact of diabetes and sex[J]. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2018, 315(5): H1402-H1413., articleTitle=Poststroke cognitive impairment and hippocampal neurovascular remodeling: the impact of diabetes and sex, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067811152461, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=142, issue=null, pageStart=237, pageEnd=250, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Ward R, Li W, Abdul Y, journalName=Pharmacol Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ward R, Li W, Abdul Y, et al. NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition with MCC950 improves diabetes-mediated cognitive impairment and vasoneuronal remodeling after ischemia[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2019, 142: 237-250., articleTitle=NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition with MCC950 improves diabetes-mediated cognitive impairment and vasoneuronal remodeling after ischemia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067886649935, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=2016, issue=null, pageStart=9238290, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Zhou K, Shi L, Wang Y, journalName=J Immunol Res, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Zhou K, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Recent advances of the NLRP3 inflammasome in central nervous system disorders[J]. J Immunol Res, 2016, 2016: 9238290., articleTitle=Recent advances of the NLRP3 inflammasome in central nervous system disorders, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335067945370193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=32, issue=7, pageStart=1207, pageEnd=1221, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Stanimirovic DB, Friedman A, journalName=Cereb Blood Flow Metab, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Stanimirovic DB, Friedman A. Pathophysiology of the neurovascular unit: disease cause or consequence?[J]. Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2012, 32(7): 1207-1221., articleTitle=Pathophysiology of the neurovascular unit: disease cause or consequence?, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335068025061971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=144, issue=null, pageStart=173, pageEnd=187, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Filous AR, Silver J, journalName=Prog Neurobiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Filous AR, Silver J. Targeting astrocytes in CNS injury and disease: a translational research approach[J]. Prog Neurobiol, 2016, 144: 173-187., articleTitle=Targeting astrocytes in CNS injury and disease: a translational research approach, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335068104753749, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=21, issue=4, pageStart=1539, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=De Luca C, Colangelo AM, Virtuoso A, journalName=Int J Mol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=De Luca C, Colangelo AM, Virtuoso A, et al. Neurons, glia, extracellular matrix and neurovascular unit: a systems biology approach to the complexity of synaptic plasticity in health and disease[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 21(4): 1539., articleTitle=Neurons, glia, extracellular matrix and neurovascular unit: a systems biology approach to the complexity of synaptic plasticity in health and disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335068188639829, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2019, volume=7, issue=null, pageStart=24, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Rodriguez-Iglesias N, Sierra A, Valero J, journalName=Front Cell Dev Biol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Rodriguez-Iglesias N, Sierra A, Valero J. Rewiring of memory circuits: connecting adult newborn neurons with the help of microglia[J]. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2019, 7: 24., articleTitle=Rewiring of memory circuits: connecting adult newborn neurons with the help of microglia, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335069295936087, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=48, issue=12, pageStart=1395, pageEnd=1402, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=李明星, 应苗法, 顾胜龙, journalName=解放军医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=李明星, 应苗法, 顾胜龙, 等. CysLT_2受体拮抗剂HAMI3379对大鼠脑缺血损伤的保护作用及其机制[J]. 解放军医学杂志, 2023, 48(12): 1395-1402., articleTitle=CysLT_2受体拮抗剂HAMI3379对大鼠脑缺血损伤的保护作用及其机制, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335069371433560, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=163-164, issue=null, pageStart=144, pageEnd=171, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[25], rfOrder=24, authorNames=Jiang X, Andjelkovic AV, Zhu L, journalName=Prog Neurobiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Jiang X, Andjelkovic AV, Zhu L, et al. Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and recovery after ischemic stroke[J]. Prog Neurobiol, 2018, 163-164: 144-171., articleTitle=Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and recovery after ischemic stroke, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335069455319641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2017, volume=157, issue=null, pageStart=247, pageEnd=272, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Ma Y, Wang J, Wang Y, journalName=Prog Neurobiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Ma Y, Wang J, Wang Y, et al. The biphasic function of microglia in ischemic stroke[J]. Prog Neurobiol, 2017, 157: 247-272., articleTitle=The biphasic function of microglia in ischemic stroke, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335069530817113, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2014, volume=56, issue=6, pageStart=786, pageEnd=795, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[27], rfOrder=26, authorNames=Mir S, Sen T, Sen N, journalName=Mol Cell, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Mir S, Sen T, Sen N. Cytokine-induced GAPDH sulfhydration affects PSD95 degradation and memory[J]. Mol Cell, 2014, 56(6): 786-795., articleTitle=Cytokine-induced GAPDH sulfhydration affects PSD95 degradation and memory, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335069606314587, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=59, issue=2, pageStart=455, pageEnd=467, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[28], rfOrder=27, authorNames=Melincovici CS, Bosca AB, Susman S, journalName=Rom J Morphol Embryol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Melincovici CS, Bosca AB, Susman S, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - key factor in normal and pathological angiogenesis[J]. Rom J Morphol Embryol, 2018, 59(2): 455-467., articleTitle=Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - key factor in normal and pathological angiogenesis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1199335069694394973, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=19, issue=1, pageStart=275, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[29], rfOrder=28, authorNames=Shim JW, Madsen JR, journalName=Int J Mol Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Shim JW, Madsen JR. VEGF signaling in neurological disorders[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2018, 19(1):275., articleTitle=VEGF signaling in neurological disorders, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1199335065739166230, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, awardId=82260821, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260821), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1199335065852412441, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, awardId=82260821, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(82260821), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1199335065953075741, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, awardId=OIR202301Q, language=EN, fundingSource=Open Projects of Minda Hospital(OIR202301Q), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1199335066053739038, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, awardId=OIR202301Q, language=CN, fundingSource=民大医院开放课题青年项目(OIR202301Q), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1199335066171179553, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, awardId=MYK2023072, language=EN, fundingSource=Graduate Innovation Projects of Hubei Minzu University(MYK2023072), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1199335066280231460, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, awardId=MYK2023072, language=CN, fundingSource=湖北民族大学研究生创新项目(MYK2023072), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1199335058281693487, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058290082097, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058294276401, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058281693487, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058441077045, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058445271350, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058453659959, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058441077045, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058558517565, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058566906173, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058571100479, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058558517565, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1199335058692735301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058701123909, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1199335058705318215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, companyId=1199335058692735301, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1199335063528767984, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Pathological changes of rat's brain tissue in each group (n=3), figureFileSmall=ImGwXvxnfpfJtM3lM7xSlQ==, figureFileBig=RFbljh3QPLun5oLrw7kcqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335063616848371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, label=图1, caption=各组大鼠脑组织病理学改变(n=3), figureFileSmall=ImGwXvxnfpfJtM3lM7xSlQ==, figureFileBig=RFbljh3QPLun5oLrw7kcqA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335064849973754, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Synaptic changes of hippocampal neurons in each group of rats (Golgi staining, ×1000, n=3), figureFileSmall=FcFFb0Q5+eq6j28E5ZVZpQ==, figureFileBig=XBkbYmAVBQHfXg+m3zH30w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335064933859836, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组大鼠海马组织神经元突触的改变(高尔基染色,×1000,n=3)

与假手术组比较,(1)P<0.01;与模型组比较,(2)P<0.05,(3)P<0.01

, figureFileSmall=FcFFb0Q5+eq6j28E5ZVZpQ==, figureFileBig=XBkbYmAVBQHfXg+m3zH30w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335065009357311, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=SYN expression in hippocampal tissue of rats in each group (Immunohistochemical staining, n=3), figureFileSmall=B7JG6+54m9A8ev3foVvbvw==, figureFileBig=yyPH6sYqZVU3Cg02H+1laA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335065063883266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, label=图3, caption=各组大鼠海马组织中SYN 的表达(免疫组织化学染色,n=3), figureFileSmall=B7JG6+54m9A8ev3foVvbvw==, figureFileBig=yyPH6sYqZVU3Cg02H+1laA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335065206489605, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Comparison of expression level of VEGFA, IL-1β and IL-10 in rat's hippocampus of each group (Western blotting, n=6), figureFileSmall=LzuH59FVVQvhhS/ILzYk9g==, figureFileBig=+sM8rymSxd5s9Zv2OTR5KA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335065302958602, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, label=图4, caption=各组大鼠海马组织中VEGFA、IL-1β、IL-10蛋白表达水平比较(Western blotting,n=6)

与假手术组比较,(1)P<0.01;与模型组比较,(2)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=LzuH59FVVQvhhS/ILzYk9g==, figureFileBig=+sM8rymSxd5s9Zv2OTR5KA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335065378456075, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Comparison of expression level of PSD95 and GAP43 protein in rat's hippocampus of each group (Western blotting, n=6), figureFileSmall=snvJE/GmE3U37rwdkVRdCw==, figureFileBig=PxrXQIvtfFMb4gWXQLFT2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335065504285198, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, label=图5, caption=各组大鼠海马组织中PSD95、GAP43蛋白表达水平比较(Western blotting,n=6)

与假手术组比较,(1)P<0.01;与模型组比较,(2)P<0.05,(3)P<0.01

, figureFileSmall=snvJE/GmE3U37rwdkVRdCw==, figureFileBig=PxrXQIvtfFMb4gWXQLFT2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199335065571394065, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of the results of Morris water maze test in each group of rats ($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别

逃避
潜伏期(s)

穿越平台
次数(次)

目标象限
停留时间比(%)

假手术组12.64±5.366.30±1.3435.45±13.60
模型组32.04±5.34(1)1.10±0.99(1)17.97±7.67(1)
TST组14.23±6.04(3)4.30±0.95(3)26.08±7.97(2)
多奈哌齐组22.75±7.07(3)3.10±0.74(3)25.67±4.02(2)
), ArticleFig(id=1199335065642697236, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199335055014330522, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

各组大鼠水迷宫实验结果比较($\bar{x}±s$, n=10)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别

逃避
潜伏期(s)

穿越平台
次数(次)

目标象限
停留时间比(%)

假手术组12.64±5.366.30±1.3435.45±13.60
模型组32.04±5.34(1)1.10±0.99(1)17.97±7.67(1)
TST组14.23±6.04(3)4.30±0.95(3)26.08±7.97(2)
多奈哌齐组22.75±7.07(3)3.10±0.74(3)25.67±4.02(2)
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441329971666965, delFlag=0, nameCn=解放军医学杂志, nameEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0577-7402, eissn=null, cn=11-1056/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=CC BY-NC-ND, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262512917, updatedTime=1761735725513, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, picEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369167564968109, language=CN, name=解放军医学杂志, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725537, updatedTime=1761735725537, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369167615299758, language=EN, name=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725549, updatedTime=1761735725549, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189873630562394117, websiteList=[Website(id=1189873845923287108, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761617631655, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622010471, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=解放军医学杂志, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924939378520839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629813284, updateTime=1761629813284, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939353355012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629813278, updateTime=1761629813278, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939399492362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813289, updateTime=1761629813289, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939344966403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629813276, updateTime=1761629813276, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939412075276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813292, updateTime=1761629813292, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939374326534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761629813283, updateTime=1761629813283, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939407880971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813291, updateTime=1761629813291, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939361743621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761629813280, updateTime=1761629813280, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939386909448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629813286, updateTime=1761629813286, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939395298057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629813288, updateTime=1761629813288, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189873846057504839, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761617631687, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622030030, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924968168223505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629820148, updateTime=1761629820148, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968147251982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629820143, updateTime=1761629820143, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968185000724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820152, updateTime=1761629820152, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968138863373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629820141, updateTime=1761629820141, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968197583638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820155, updateTime=1761629820155, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968159834896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761629820146, updateTime=1761629820146, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968193389333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820154, updateTime=1761629820154, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968155640591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761629820145, updateTime=1761629820145, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968172417810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629820149, updateTime=1761629820149, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968180806419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629820151, updateTime=1761629820151, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://zh.jfjyxzz.org.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, journalPhotoCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPhotoEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
延龄草总皂苷对2-VO模型大鼠认知功能及神经血管单元的作用
收藏切换
PDF下载
杨丹 1, 2, 3, 4 , 杨丽君 1, 2, 3, 4 , 唐鲜娥 1, 2, 3, 4 , 王刚 1, 2, 3, 4 , 段壬泽 1, 2, 3, 4 , 陈显兵 1, 2, 3, 4, *
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2024,49(3): 316-322
收起
收藏切换
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2024, 49(3): 316-322
延龄草总皂苷对2-VO模型大鼠认知功能及神经血管单元的作用
全屏
杨丹1, 2, 3, 4, 杨丽君1, 2, 3, 4, 唐鲜娥1, 2, 3, 4, 王刚1, 2, 3, 4, 段壬泽1, 2, 3, 4, 陈显兵1, 2, 3, 4, *
作者信息
  • 1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000
  • 2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000
  • 3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000
  • 4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000
  • 杨丹,硕士研究生,主要从事心脑疾病中医药防治方面的研究

通讯作者:

陈显兵,E-mail:
Effects of total saponins of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim on cognitive function and neurovascular unit in 2-VO model rats
Dan Yang1, 2, 3, 4, Li-Jun Yang1, 2, 3, 4, Xian-E Tang1, 2, 3, 4, Gang Wang1, 2, 3, 4, Ren-Ze Duan1, 2, 3, 4, Xian-Bing Chen1, 2, 3, 4, *
Affiliations
  • 1Hubei Provincial Key Laboratory of Occurrence and Intervention of Rheumatic Diseases, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
  • 2Department of Pathology, Minda Hospital Affiliated to Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
  • 3Medical school, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
  • 4Hubei Provincial Clinical Medical Research Center for Nephropathy, Hubei Minzu University, Enshi, Hubei 445000, China
出版时间: 2024-03-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912
文章导航
收藏切换

目的 观察延龄草总皂苷(TST)对大鼠的血管性认知障碍及其神经血管单元(NVU)和神经环路完整性的作用。方法 将48只雄性SD大鼠随机分为假手术组、模型组、TST组及多奈哌齐组,每组12只。除假手术组外,其他3组大鼠均采用双侧颈总动脉结扎(2-VO)法建立脑缺血后认知障碍模型。造模后,TST组给予TST 100 mg/kg灌胃,多奈哌齐组给予盐酸多奈哌齐0.45 mg/kg灌胃,对照组及模型组给予同体积的生理盐水,1次/d,连续28 d。采用水迷宫实验检测各组大鼠的认知功能;HE、尼氏染色观察大鼠脑组织病理改变;免疫组织化学染色观察大鼠海马突触核蛋白 (SYN)的表达情况;高尔基染色观察海马神经元树突棘的变化;Western blotting检测各组大鼠海马组织白细胞介素(IL)-1β、IL-10、血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA)、突触后致密蛋白95(PSD95)和生长关联蛋白43(GAP43)表达水平。结果 水迷宫实验结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠的逃避潜伏期延长(P<0.05),穿越平台次数和在目标象限的停留时间比均减少(P<0.05);与模型组比较,TST组和多奈哌齐组逃避潜伏期缩短(P<0.01),穿越平台次数和在目标象限的停留时间比增多(P<0.05)。与假手术组比较,模型组海马CA1区神经元、尼氏小体、树突棘数量和SYN表达量减少(P<0.05);与模型组比较,TST组和多奈哌齐组神经元、尼氏小体、树突棘数量和SYN表达量增多(P<0.05)。Western blotting结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠海马组织IL-1β、VEGFA表达水平升高(P<0.05),PSD95、GAP43表达水平降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,TST组和多奈哌齐组IL-1β表达水平均降低(P<0.05),VEGFA、IL-10、GAP43表达水平均升高(P<0.05)。结论 TST可能通过促进突触可塑性和NVU重塑减轻2-VO模型大鼠的认知障碍,有望用于卒中的治疗。

延龄草总皂苷  /  2-VO  /  认知功能  /  神经血管单元  /  卒中

Objective To observe the effects of total saponins of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim (TST) on vascular cognitive impairment (VCI), neurovascular units (NVUs), and neural circuit integrity in rats. Methods Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into sham-operated group, model group, TST group (intragastric administration, 100 mg/kg), and donepezil group (intragastric administration, 0.45 mg/kg), and then subjected to ischemic stroke by 2-VO method (bilateral common carotid artery ligation) or sham surgery. After 28 days of intragastric administration, Mirros water maze test was performed to evaluate the spatial learning and memory abilities of rats in each group. HE and Nissl staining were used to observe the pathological changes of brain tissue in rats. The expression of synuclein (SYN) in rat hippocampus was observed by immunohistochemical staining. Changes in dendritic spines in rat's hippocampal neurons were observed by Golgi staining. Western blotting was used to detect the expression levels of IL-1β, IL-10, vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD95), and growth associated protein 43 (GAP43) in rat's hippocampus in each group. Results In Mirros water maze test, rats in model group showed significant prolonged escape latency (P<0.05), and a significant reduction in the number of crossing platforms and the percentage of activity time in the target quadrant (P<0.05) than those in sham-operated group; while rats in TST group and donepezil group showed significant shortened escape latency (P<0.01), and significant increase of the number of times of crossing platforms and the percentage of activity time in the target quadrant (P<0.05) than those in model group. Compared of sham-operated group, model group showed a decrease in the expression of SYN and the number of neurons, Nissl bodies, and dendritic spines in the CA1 region of the hippocampus (P<0.05). Compared with model group, TST group and donepezil group showed an increase in the expression of SYN and the number of neurons, Nissl bodies, and dendritic spines in the CA1 region of the hippocampus (P<0.05). Western blotting showed a significant increase in the expression of IL-1β and VEGF (P<0.05), and a decrease in the expression of IL-10, PSD95, and GAP43 (P<0.01) in rat's hippocampus of model group than those in sham-operated group. Compared with model group, TST group and donepezil group showed a significant decrease in the expression of IL-1β (P<0.05), and an increase in the expression of VEGFA, IL-10, and GAP43 (P<0.05). Conclusions TST could alleviate cognitive impairment through promoting synaptic plasticity and neurovascular unit remodeling in 2-VO model rats, suggesting its significance as a potential drug for apoplexy.

total saponins of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim  /  2-VO  /  cognitive function  /  neurovascular unit  /  apoplexy
杨丹, 杨丽君, 唐鲜娥, 王刚, 段壬泽, 陈显兵. 延龄草总皂苷对2-VO模型大鼠认知功能及神经血管单元的作用. 解放军医学杂志, 2024 , 49 (3) : 316 -322 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912
Dan Yang, Li-Jun Yang, Xian-E Tang, Gang Wang, Ren-Ze Duan, Xian-Bing Chen. Effects of total saponins of Trillium tschonoskii Maxim on cognitive function and neurovascular unit in 2-VO model rats[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2024 , 49 (3) : 316 -322 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912
血管性认知障碍(vascular cognitive impairment,VCI)是脑血管病变及其危险因素导致的临床卒中或亚临床血管性脑损伤[1],涉及至少一个认知域受损的临床综合征,涵盖了从轻度认知障碍到痴呆,包括合并阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer's disease,AD)等所致的不同程度认知障碍。血管危险因素是VCI的重要发病诱因,其在不断增多的老年人口中普遍存在。据统计,约1/3的65岁以上人群经历过卒中、痴呆或两者共病[2]。有研究显示,2019年全球痴呆患者达57.4万例,2050年预计增加到152.8万例,需要的医疗费用近4万亿美元[3]。在亚洲与发展中国家,VCI在所有痴呆类型中占比高达30%[4]。以上数据提示,与年龄相关的认知障碍已成为全球公共卫生的主要挑战之一。VCI的常见原因是缺血性组织损伤。缺血性卒中可引起神经血管单元(neurovascular unit,NVU)的结构和功能受损,进而加速VCI的进展。目前VCI的防治方案主要是对血管疾病的干预及其危险因素的预防[1],单纯神经保护治疗的疗效并不显著[5]。本课题组前期研究显示,延龄草总皂苷(total saponins from Trillium tschonoskii Maxim,TST)可促进缺血性卒中后的认知功能恢复和神经元轴突再生,但其在NVU中的作用尚不清楚。本研究通过2-VO法建立大鼠脑组织缺血性损伤模型,观察TST对VCI大鼠认知功能和NVU的影响。
SPF级雄性SD大鼠48只,体重240~280 g,由三峡大学实验室动物中心提供[生产许可证号:SCXK(鄂)2022-0012],饲养环境温度24~26 ℃,相对湿度50%~60%,12 h/12 h明暗自然交替。本研究动物实验方案获湖北民族大学医学伦理学委员会批准(2023040),实验过程符合国家和单位有关实验动物的管理和使用规定。
TST由湖北民族大学中药实验室提取;盐酸多奈哌齐片(批号:0000001782,浙江华海药业);高尔基染色液(GMS80020.3,美国GENMED);BCA蛋白浓度测定试剂盒(P0010)、尼氏Nissl染色液(C0117)、免疫组化试剂盒(1902199710)(福州迈新生物技术开发有限公司);白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-10鼠单克隆抗体(60269-1-lg,武汉三鹰生物技术有限公司);IL-1β兔单克隆抗体(ab9722)、突触后致密蛋白95(postsynaptic density protein 95,PSD95)兔多克隆抗体(ab18258)、突触核蛋白 (synuclein,SYN)兔单克隆抗体(ab52636)、生长关联蛋白43(growth associated protein 43,GAP43)兔单克隆抗体(ab75810)、山羊抗兔IgG(ab6721)、山羊抗小鼠IgG(ab6789)(英国Abcam公司);血管内皮生长因子A(vascular endothelial growth factor A,VEGFA)兔多克隆抗体(WL00009b,沈阳万类生物科技有限公司);ECL发光显色试剂盒(RG235693,美国赛默飞世尔科技有限公司);SDS-PAGE快速配制试剂盒(P0012AC,上海碧云天生物技术股份有限公司);Morris水迷宫系统(中国医学科学院药物研究所);全自动曝光成像系统(上海天能科技有限公司);Western blotting全套设备(美国Bio-Rad公司)。
将SD大鼠按随机数字表法随机分为假手术组、模型组、TST组、多奈哌齐组,每组12只。除假手术组外,其他3组大鼠均按照文献[6]的双侧颈总动脉结扎法制备2-VO模型。大鼠麻醉后剃除颈部鼠毛,仰卧固定于加热垫上,碘伏消毒颈部皮肤,从颈正中行纵向切口,逐层分离颈部皮下组织,分离出左侧颈总动脉,使用4号缝线对其双重结扎,然后使用同样方法结扎右侧颈总动脉,完成后清洗、消毒切口,逐层缝合皮肤。假手术组大鼠只分离出双侧颈总动脉,不结扎血管。造模24 h后,TST组灌胃TST 100 mg/kg,多奈哌齐组灌胃盐酸多奈哌齐0.45 mg/kg,1次/d,均连续给药28 d;对照组与模型组灌胃同体积的生理盐水,1次/d,连续28 d。
大鼠灌胃第28天后,进行水迷宫实验,实验共5 d。水迷宫分为4个象限,将大鼠面对池壁,从随机象限放入水中,记录大鼠寻找平台时间及逃避潜伏期;若大鼠在60 s内无法找到平台,则引导大鼠寻找平台并在平台上停留20 s。第5天撤掉平台,将大鼠从第3象限放入水中,记录大鼠在60 s内穿越平台次数及在目标象限停留时间。
水迷宫实验结束后,每组随机选取3只大鼠,麻醉后经心脏灌注固定后断头取脑,将脑组织放入4%多聚甲醛液中固定24 h,制备大鼠海马区组织石蜡切片,切片厚度4 μm,经HE、尼氏染液上色后,中性树胶封片,扫描并观察病理变化。
水迷宫实验结束后,每组随机选取3只大鼠,麻醉、取样后进行高尔基染色。取大鼠新鲜脑组织后进行媒染,14 d后将脑组织行40 μm切片,按照高尔基染色试剂盒说明书进行染色,染色后封片,在显微镜下观察病理变化。
方法同上,行4 μm切片,二甲苯脱蜡,无水乙醇水化后使用柠檬酸抗原修复液修复,自然冷却至室温,按照试剂盒说明书滴加A液,孵育10 min,PBS清洗5 min×3次,滴加B液,孵育10 min,擦去B液后滴加SYN抗体(1∶250),孵育2 h,PBS清洗5 min×3次,滴加C液孵育10 min,PBS清洗5 min×3次,滴加D液孵育10 min,PBS清洗5 min×3次,滴加DAB显色液,反应时间由上色情况而定,上色后用流水清洗,苏木精复染1 min,清洗残留苏木精染液,分化15 s,流水清洗后返蓝30 s,流水清洗置于无水乙醇2 min,置于二甲苯2 min,中性树胶封片,扫描观察变化。
将各组剩余6只大鼠麻醉,在冰上迅速取出脑组织,分离出海马,按1 mg组织加入9 μl细胞裂解液、0.09 μl蛋白酶抑制剂提取海马组织总蛋白,使用BCA试剂盒测定蛋白浓度。按每孔4 μl进行凝胶电泳、转膜、封闭、TBST洗膜,将膜置于一抗[VEGFA(1∶1000)、IL-1β(1∶1000)、IL-10(1∶4000)、PSD95(1∶500)、GAP-43(1∶1000)]中,4 °孵育过夜;次日TBST洗膜10 min×3次,置于二抗山羊抗兔IgG(1∶10 000)、山羊抗小鼠IgG(1∶5000)中孵育1 h,TBST洗膜10 min×3次,滴加ECL发光显色液,以β-actin为内参照,采用GIS 1D图像分析软件计算蛋白灰度值。
采用SPSS 20.0软件进行统计分析,GraphPad Prism 7.0软件绘制数据结果图。所有数据均为计量资料,以$\bar{x}±s$表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用Bonferroni检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
第5天时,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠逃避潜伏期延长(P<0.05),穿越平台次数减少(P<0.05),在目标象限停留时间比减少(P<0.05);与模型组比较,TST组和多奈哌齐组大鼠逃避潜伏期均缩短(P<0.01),穿越平台次数均增加(P<0.01),在目标象限停留时间比均增高(P<0.05,表1)。
大鼠脑组织HE、尼氏染色结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠海马CA1区神经元排列松散、稀疏,形态不规则,细胞间隙增大,核固缩;尼氏小体数量减少,着色浅,形态结构受损,呈现出空洞的圆形。与模型组比较,TST组与多奈哌齐组也有类似改变,但神经元数量增加且排列整齐、致密,尼氏小体数量增多、形态结构改善(图1)。
高尔基染色结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠海马组织中树突棘数量减少(P<0.05);与模型组比较,TST组和多奈哌齐组海马组织中树突棘数量均增多(P<0.05或P<0.01);TST组与多奈哌齐组树突棘数量比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,图2)。
免疫组织化学染色(棕色为阳性表达)结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠脑组织中SYN表达量减少;与模型组比较,TST组与多奈哌齐组脑组织中SYN表达量增加(图3)。
Western blotting检测结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组IL-1β、VEGFA蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),IL-10差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与模型组比较,TST组和多奈哌齐组IL-1β表达水平均降低(P<0.05),VEGFA、IL-10表达水平均升高(P<0.05,图4)。
Western Blotting检测结果显示,与假手术组比较,模型组大鼠海马组织中PSD95、GAP43蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.01);与模型组比较,TST组大鼠海马组织中PSD95、GAP43蛋白表达水平均升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),而多奈哌齐组GAP43蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05),PSD95蛋白表达水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,图5)。
大脑消耗人体约20%的氧和25%的葡萄糖,且只有微量的能量储备,高度依赖脑血流输送能量。因此,大脑缺血时易导致脑萎缩、脑梗死、记忆障碍,甚至痴呆[7-8]。神经元损伤一般被认为是脑损伤或脑疾病后功能缺损的主要原因,相关的治疗策略通常以拯救神经元和修复神经元损伤为目标。近期研究显示,大脑的正常功能不仅依赖于神经元间的连接,而且依赖于NVU中不同成分间的相互作用。NVU由神经元、胶质细胞(包括小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞)、血管成分(内皮细胞、血管平滑肌细胞、周细胞)及细胞外基质组成,血管内皮细胞、周细胞和星形胶质细胞构成脑实质和循环血液之间的血脑屏障[9]。有研究显示,通过保留神经血管单元微血管组件的流量可以保护神经元功能[10]。Bai等[11]发现,中医药具有多靶点、多途径改善血管-神经损害因素的特点,可在治疗VCI方面取得显著疗效。TST是土家药头顶一颗珠的主要活性成分,在民间主要用于治疗脑损伤和头痛。头顶一颗珠提取物能增强细胞抗氧化作用,促进海马组织内脑源性神经营养因子(brain-derived neurotrophic factor,BDNF)和酪氨酸激酶受体B(tyrosine kinase receptor B,TrkB)的表达,进而缓解大鼠的认知障碍。
VCI的脑血管病理表现主要为由缺血引起的脑梗死和脑白质高信号,继而可导致不同程度的认知障碍,占痴呆患者病因的50%~70%[6]。多奈哌齐是VCI的常用临床治疗药物[12],在改善认知功能和日常生活能力方面是ⅠA级证据,故本研究将其作为治疗大鼠VCI后认知障碍的阳性对照。NVU中多种细胞成分间的互作关系在脑损伤、脑血管疾病、VCI及神经退行性疾病的发病及进展中发挥着重要作用[6,13-14]。越来越多的证据显示,NVU功能改变与VCI的病理生理学之间紧密联系,NVU易损性增加提高了缺血性卒中的发病风险和严重程度[15]。NVU受损可改变血脑屏障完整性和功能、脑血流动力学等,影响脑循环进而导致认知障碍,但其潜在机制仍不清楚[13-14]。本课题组前期研究显示,TST可显著提升D-半乳糖诱导的脑衰老大鼠的学习认知功能[16]。本研究通过构建2-VO大鼠模型,探究TST是否影响NVU完整性及调控各组分间的互作关系,发挥认知功能保护作用;结果显示,TST可缓解大鼠脑缺血后的认知功能障碍,促进突触相关蛋白和VEGF的表达,抑制炎性因子的表达和释放;提示TST可能靶向作用于神经元变性或坏死、神经胶质细胞反应、炎性细胞浸润,以及血脑屏障的损伤及演化等由NVU中细胞成分介导的病理过程,通过重塑NVU的完整性,有效缓解2-VO模型大鼠的认知功能障碍。
海马NVU是大脑中参与信号传输、组织和存储记忆的关键部分。Ward等[17-18]发现,NVU重塑和海马慢性炎症是卒中后认知功能障碍的关键因素;糖尿病不利于卒中后海马NVU的重构进而促进认知障碍的进展,而抑制NOD样受体蛋白3(NOD-like receptor protein 3,NLRP3)可促进内皮细胞与海马神经元之间的血管营养耦合,改善卒中后的NVU重构和认知障碍。以上研究提示,预防或延迟认知障碍不仅需要神经保护治疗,还应促进NVU的重构。本研究结果显示,TST可减少大鼠NVU中神经元的缺失,可能通过促进突触重塑、NVU重塑及神经网络的重构,提高认知障碍大鼠的学习记忆能力。免疫系统的激活和炎症是卒中后认知障碍的重要因素[19]。炎症诱导的细胞因子及其下游效应因子可引发内皮细胞损伤、星形胶质细胞功能改变、NVU和血脑屏障完整性的破坏[20]。因此,TST可能通过炎症通路调控NVU或突触重塑,其潜在的调控机制尚待进一步探究。
NVU中星形胶质细胞、少突胶质细胞和小胶质细胞在神经系统发育和成人大脑中均为突触形成与重塑的关键因素。星形胶质细胞是介导神经元-神经胶质细胞对话的桥梁,通过感知并响应神经元的代谢和离子稳态变化,可参与调节突触谷氨酸平衡、调控谷氨酸诱导的兴奋性信号等过程[21];同时,星形胶质细胞也是NVU中神经胶质细胞与血管之间相互作用的纽带,在突触可塑性中有突出作用。一方面,星形胶质细胞紧密包裹神经元细胞和突触,参与细胞外基质的产生和维持,并通过足突与NVU的内皮细胞和周细胞相关联;另一方面,其可通过存储突触信息,反向调节相同突触通路或相关神经元回路的迟发性突触可塑性,加强神经元-星形胶质细胞过程的相互依赖性[22]。少突胶质细胞可产生富含脂质的髓鞘包裹轴突并加速脉冲传导,具有信号转导器和细胞外环境构建者的潜在作用,也有助于突触的可塑性[21]。因此,缺血性卒中后神经胶质细胞丢失将导致神经网络和NVU结构完整性的破坏,抑制突触重塑,促进认知障碍的发生及进展。笔者认为,缺血性卒中后,TST可能通过减少由NVU中神经胶质细胞的损伤及丢失,提高包围在神经元周围的神经胶质细胞的丰度,阻止神经元与血管的直接接触并缓冲血流对神经元造成的机械冲击力,从而保护神经元。此外,神经胶质细胞还可通过促进突触重塑,增加神经元突触连接密度而重塑神经网络,改善认知障碍。小胶质细胞不仅在中枢神经系统中具有病原体识别和吞噬功能,还可与神经元相互作用,指导脑回路的整合和突触重塑[23-24]。缺血性卒中发病后,脑血管破裂、基底膜降解、神经元迅速死亡,红细胞和免疫细胞从血管浸润脑实质,随后浸润性免疫细胞释放各种炎症介质,导致小胶质细胞和星形胶质细胞的活化[25]。该过程在各种中枢神经系统疾病诱导的神经炎症的病理生理学中起至关重要的作用。研究显示,星形胶质细胞可抑制小胶质细胞的活化,脑组织损伤后通过多种潜在机制活化小胶质细胞,诱导小胶质细胞-神经元交互作用,通过调节神经炎症反应改变神经网络的兴奋性。M1型小胶质细胞可释放更高水平的活性氧(ROS)、促炎细胞因子IL-1β、肿瘤坏死因子(tumor necrosis factor,TNF)-α、IL-6和趋化因子,而TNF-α与血管内皮细胞的相互作用可增加血脑屏障的细胞旁通透性,加剧神经元损伤。M2型小胶质细胞可产生抗炎介质(IL-10等),减轻神经元损伤并促进组织修复[26]。本研究结果显示,TST可抑制IL-1β的表达,促进IL-10的产生,减轻神经元损伤,保护大鼠认知功能,与前述研究结果一致。Mir等[27]发现,IL-1β可通过刺激胱硫醚β-合酶的转录,生成H2S对GAPDH进行硫化,增强其与E3连接酶SIAH的结合,促进PSD95降解。笔者推测,TST可能通过抑制小胶质细胞活化后诱导的炎症对NVU的进一步损伤,促进NVU重构及突触重塑,阻止缺血性卒中向VCI进展,保护VCI大鼠的学习认知功能。
血管内皮细胞作为NVU防御的第一道防线,对缺氧和血管释放的有害物质有应答作用。VEGFs是一种高度特异的促血管内皮细胞生长因子,在血管发生、维持及生成中发挥重要生理功能,具有诱导内皮细胞存活、增殖、迁移,促进血管增生和增加血管通透性等重要作用[28],在大脑中介导血管生成、神经和突触的发生及突触可塑性[29]。本研究结果显示,TST可促进VEGFA的表达,与大鼠突触重塑相关蛋白的表达及认知障碍的缓解程度呈正相关。既往研究显示,血管内皮细胞不仅可诱导星形胶质细胞的分化,还能够促进周细胞和平滑肌细胞的增殖和迁移[28]。星形胶质细胞分泌、释放的多种离子及血管活性物质可调节周细胞和血管平滑肌细胞的收缩舒张状态,通过控制脑血流和毛细血管通透性影响神经元的能量、营养供给及活性,还可诱导血管内皮细胞紧密连接蛋白的表达,其与内皮细胞、周细胞相互作用形成的内皮间紧密连接是血脑屏障的基础[15]。笔者认为,TST上调VEGAF的表达水平,一方面可促进NVU和血脑屏障结构与功能的恢复,另一方面通过诱导星形胶质细胞的分化,可促进突触重塑和神经网络的重构。
综上所述,TST可能通过减少NVU中神经元、神经胶质细胞、血管细胞成分的丢失及炎性细胞浸润,促进神经元突触重塑、神经胶质细胞反应,重构神经网络、NVU及血脑屏障,保护2-VO模型大鼠的认知功能,提示TST可能通过同时靶向受损神经元及NVU各组分以修复神经认知功能,有望成为治疗VCI的双向靶点药物。
  • 国家自然科学基金(82260821)
  • 民大医院开放课题青年项目(OIR202301Q)
  • 湖北民族大学研究生创新项目(MYK2023072)
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
马志楠, 张雪竹. 血管性轻度认知障碍的潜在生物标志物研究进展[J]. 吉林大学学报(医学版), 2023, 49(4): 1083-1091.
[2]
Wolf PA. Contributions of the Framingham Heart Study to stroke and dementia epidemiologic research at 60 years[J]. Arch Neurol, 2012, 69(5): 567-571.
[3]
Nichols E, Steinmetz JD, Vollset SE, et al. Estimation of the global prevalence of dementia in 2019 and forecasted prevalence in 2050: an analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2019[J]. Lancet Public Health, 2022, 7(2): e105-e125.
[4]
Kalaria RN, Maestre GE, Arizaga R, et al. Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia in developing countries: prevalence, management, and risk factors[J]. Lancet Neurol, 2008, 7(9): 812-826.
[5]
Lo EH. A new penumbra: transitioning from injury into repair after stroke[J]. Nat Med, 2008, 14(5): 497-500.
[6]
van der Flier WM, Skoog I, Schneider JA, et al. Vascular cognitive impairment[J]. Nat Rev Dis Primers, 2018, 4: 18003.
[7]
Duncombe J, Kitamura A, Hase Y, et al. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion: a key mechanism leading to vascular cognitive impairment and dementia. Closing the translational gap between rodent models and human vascular cognitive impairment and dementia[J]. Clin Sci (Lond), 2017, 131(19): 2451-2468.
[8]
Park JH, Hong JH, Lee SW, et al. The effect of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion on the pathology of Alzheimer's disease: a positron emission tomography study in rats[J]. Sci Rep, 2019, 9(1): 14102.
[9]
Liu Z, Tang Y, Zhang Z, et al. Engineering neurovascular unit and blood-brain barrier for ischemic stroke modeling[J]. Adv Healthc Mater, 2023, 12(19): e2202638.
[10]
Mori E, Yoneda Y, Tabuchi M, et al. Intravenous recombinant tissue plasminogen activator in acute carotid artery territory stroke[J]. Neurology, 1992, 42(5): 976-982.
[11]
Bai X, Zhang M. Traditional Chinese medicine intervenes in vascular dementia: traditional medicine brings new expectations[J]. Front Pharmacol, 2021, 12: 689625.
[12]
郭芬, 沈倩, 刘欣欣. 多奈哌齐治疗脑卒中后认知障碍[J]. 湖北民族大学学报(医学版), 2021, 38(3): 88-90.
[13]
Yang Q, Wei X, Deng B, et al. Cerebral small vessel disease alters neurovascular unit regulation of microcirculation integrity involved in vascular cognitive impairment[J]. Neurobiol Dis, 2022, 170: 105750.
[14]
Nelson AR. Peripheral pathways to neurovascular unit dysfunction, cognitive impairment, and Alzheimer's disease[J]. Front Aging Neurosci, 2022, 14: 858429.
[15]
Cai W, Zhang K, Li P, et al. Dysfunction of the neurovascular unit in ischemic stroke and neurodegenerative diseases: an aging effect[J]. Ageing Res Rev, 2017, 34: 77-87.
[16]
Wang L, Du J, Zhao F, et al. Trillium tschonoskii maxim saponin mitigates D-galactose-induced brain aging of rats through rescuing dysfunctional autophagy mediated by Rheb-mTOR signal pathway[J]. Biomed Pharmacother, 2018, 98: 516-522.
[17]
Ward R, Valenzuela JP, Li W, et al. Poststroke cognitive impairment and hippocampal neurovascular remodeling: the impact of diabetes and sex[J]. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol, 2018, 315(5): H1402-H1413.
[18]
Ward R, Li W, Abdul Y, et al. NLRP3 inflammasome inhibition with MCC950 improves diabetes-mediated cognitive impairment and vasoneuronal remodeling after ischemia[J]. Pharmacol Res, 2019, 142: 237-250.
[19]
Zhou K, Shi L, Wang Y, et al. Recent advances of the NLRP3 inflammasome in central nervous system disorders[J]. J Immunol Res, 2016, 2016: 9238290.
[20]
Stanimirovic DB, Friedman A. Pathophysiology of the neurovascular unit: disease cause or consequence?[J]. Cereb Blood Flow Metab, 2012, 32(7): 1207-1221.
[21]
Filous AR, Silver J. Targeting astrocytes in CNS injury and disease: a translational research approach[J]. Prog Neurobiol, 2016, 144: 173-187.
[22]
De Luca C, Colangelo AM, Virtuoso A, et al. Neurons, glia, extracellular matrix and neurovascular unit: a systems biology approach to the complexity of synaptic plasticity in health and disease[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2020, 21(4): 1539.
[23]
Rodriguez-Iglesias N, Sierra A, Valero J. Rewiring of memory circuits: connecting adult newborn neurons with the help of microglia[J]. Front Cell Dev Biol, 2019, 7: 24.
[24]
李明星, 应苗法, 顾胜龙, 等. CysLT_2受体拮抗剂HAMI3379对大鼠脑缺血损伤的保护作用及其机制[J]. 解放军医学杂志, 2023, 48(12): 1395-1402.
[25]
Jiang X, Andjelkovic AV, Zhu L, et al. Blood-brain barrier dysfunction and recovery after ischemic stroke[J]. Prog Neurobiol, 2018, 163-164: 144-171.
[26]
Ma Y, Wang J, Wang Y, et al. The biphasic function of microglia in ischemic stroke[J]. Prog Neurobiol, 2017, 157: 247-272.
[27]
Mir S, Sen T, Sen N. Cytokine-induced GAPDH sulfhydration affects PSD95 degradation and memory[J]. Mol Cell, 2014, 56(6): 786-795.
[28]
Melincovici CS, Bosca AB, Susman S, et al. Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) - key factor in normal and pathological angiogenesis[J]. Rom J Morphol Embryol, 2018, 59(2): 455-467.
[29]
Shim JW, Madsen JR. VEGF signaling in neurological disorders[J]. Int J Mol Sci, 2018, 19(1):275.
2024年第49卷第3期
PDF下载
123
43
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912
  • 接收时间:2023-04-27
  • 首发时间:2025-11-23
  • 出版时间:2024-03-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-04-27
  • 录用日期:2023-07-04
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82260821)
国家自然科学基金(82260821)
Open Projects of Minda Hospital(OIR202301Q)
民大医院开放课题青年项目(OIR202301Q)
Graduate Innovation Projects of Hubei Minzu University(MYK2023072)
湖北民族大学研究生创新项目(MYK2023072)
作者信息
    1湖北民族大学风湿性疾病发生与干预湖北省重点实验室,湖北恩施 445000
    2湖北民族大学附属民大医院病理科,湖北恩施 445000
    3湖北民族大学医学部 湖北恩施 445000
    4湖北民族大学湖北省肾脏病临床医学研究中心,湖北恩施 445000

通讯作者:

陈显兵,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0632.2023.0912
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏