Article(id=1199334723714646540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1199334721185477563, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0597.2023.1017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1682092800000, receivedDateStr=2023-04-22, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1685635200000, acceptedDateStr=2023-06-02, onlineDate=1763873280695, onlineDateStr=2025-11-23, pubDate=1714233600000, pubDateStr=2024-04-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763873280695, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-23, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763873280695, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763873280695, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1199334721185477563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2024', volume='49', issue='4', pageStart='367', pageEnd='488', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1763873280092, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763874025072, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1199337845925183534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1199334721185477563, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1199337845925183535, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1199334721185477563, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=439, endPage=448, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1199334724004053519, articleId=1199334723714646540, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Protective effect of placental mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of pancreatic trauma in rats, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the protective effect of placental mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs) on pancreatic trauma (PT) in rats. Methods Sixty healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, pancreatic trauma group (inject 1 ml of PBS solution locally in the pancreatic injury area and around the trauma area), and P-MSCs group [inject 1 ml of P-MSCs (1×106/ml) locally in the pancreatic injury area and around the trauma area], with 20 rats in each group. The pancreatic trauma rat model was established using a traumatic pressure of 400 kPa. Five rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, and 7 d after modeling in each group, and serum and pancreatic tissue were collected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and pathological scores were performed. The ELISA method was used to measure the concentrations of serum amylase (AMS), lipase (LPS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), as well as the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in pancreatic tissue. The TUNEL method was used to observe the level of apoptosis in pancreatic tissue was observed by the TUNEL method. Results Compared with control group, pancreatic trauma group and P-MSCs group showed significant differences after pancreatic trauma, including the generation of peritoneal fluid increased (P<0.05), the ratio of pancreas to body weight and the total score of pancreatic tissue pathological damage increased (P<0.05), and serum levels of AMS, LPS, TNF-α, IL-6, and MPO activity increased early and showed a decreasing trend over time (P<0.05), while anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and SOD activity showed an increasing trend over time (P<0.01), level of TGF-β1 in the early decline showed an upward trend over time (P<0.01), and the apoptosis index (AI) significantly increased (P<0.001). Compared with pancreatic trauma group, P-MSCs group showed an improvement in the overall morphology of pancreatic tissue, the generation of peritoneal fluid decreased (P<0.001), the pancreas to body weight ratio and the total score of pancreatic tissue pathological damage decreased (P<0.05), and serum levels of AMS, LPS, IL-6, TNF-α and MPO activity returned to normal levels faster (P<0.05); and the rate of anti-inflammatory factors IL-10, TGF-β1 and SOD activity elevation increased (P<0.05), the AI increased (P<0.001). Conclusion P-MSCs can achieve therapeutic effects on pancreatic trauma in rats by promoting pancreatic tissue repair, reducing local and systemic inflammation, improving tissue oxidative stress, and enhancing pancreatic acinar cell apoptosis.

, correspAuthors=Hong-Yu Sun, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 探讨胎盘间充质干细胞(P-MSCs)对胰腺创伤(PT)大鼠的保护作用。方法 健康成年雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为对照组、胰腺创伤组(胰腺损伤区域及创伤周围局部注射1 ml PBS溶液)与P-MSCs组[胰腺损伤区域及创伤周围局部注射1 ml P-MSCs(1×106个/ml)],每组20只。采用400 kPa的致伤压强建立胰腺创伤大鼠模型。于术后1、3、5、7 d每组处死5只大鼠,收集血清及胰腺组织。HE染色观察胰腺组织病理学变化并进行病理损伤评分,ELISA法测定血清中淀粉酶(AMS)、脂肪酶(LPS)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-10、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)浓度,以及胰腺组织中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,TUNEL法观察胰腺组织细胞凋亡情况。结果 与对照组比较,胰腺创伤组与P-MSCs组在胰腺创伤发生后腹腔积液量增加(P<0.05),胰腺/体重比、胰腺组织病理损伤总评分均升高(P<0.05),血清AMS、LPS、TNF-α、IL-6浓度及MPO活性早期升高,随时间延长呈下降趋势(P<0.05),而抗炎因子IL-10浓度及SOD活性随时间延长呈上升趋势(P<0.01),TGF-β1浓度早期下降,随时间延长呈上升趋势(P<0.01),凋亡指数(AI)明显升高(P<0.001)。与胰腺创伤组比较,P-MSCs组大鼠胰腺组织大体形态得以改善,腹腔积液量减少(P<0.001),胰腺/体重比、胰腺组织病理损伤总评分降低(P<0.05),血清AMS、LPS、IL-6、TNF-α浓度及MPO活性更快恢复至正常水平(P<0.05),而抗炎因子IL-10、TGF-β1浓度及SOD活性升高速度增加(P<0.05),AI升高(P<0.001)。结论 P-MSCs可促进PT大鼠组织修复,减轻其局部及全身炎症,改善组织氧化应激反应,促进胰腺腺泡细胞凋亡,对PT大鼠具有保护作用。

, correspAuthors=孙红玉, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
孙红玉,E-mail:
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董鸿斐,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事干细胞及干细胞外泌体联合组织工程支架在创面修复中的治疗应用与机制研究

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董鸿斐,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事干细胞及干细胞外泌体联合组织工程支架在创面修复中的治疗应用与机制研究

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董鸿斐,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事干细胞及干细胞外泌体联合组织工程支架在创面修复中的治疗应用与机制研究

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P-MSCs. 胎盘间充质干细胞;黄圈内为透明的纤维粘连区域;红圈内为原始创伤区域

, figureFileSmall=T1VCiOO6/d2G/sebQtevFw==, figureFileBig=ctRWA9Co6pX7LIKh2VtHKg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346360358105437, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Comparison of intraperitoneal fluid accumulation and pancreatic/body mass ratio in each group of rats, figureFileSmall=tWQAlZfzuR9h6vR/ksEUzg==, figureFileBig=WVimQJ4uVMIt7yMNVQD0tg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346360437797215, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组大鼠腹腔积液量及胰腺/体重比比较

P-MSCs. 胎盘间充质干细胞;A. 腹腔积液量;B. 胰腺/体重比;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01,(3)P<0.001;与胰腺创伤组比较,(4)P<0.001(P<0.05或P<0.001);而P-MSCs组术后1、3 d的胰腺/体重比均升高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,P<0.01),术后3 d后差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,图2B)。与胰腺创伤组比较,P-MSCs组胰腺/体重比在术后3、5 d明显降低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,图2B)。

, figureFileSmall=tWQAlZfzuR9h6vR/ksEUzg==, figureFileBig=WVimQJ4uVMIt7yMNVQD0tg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346360504906082, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Pathological changes in pancreatic tissue of rats in each group (HE staining, ×100), figureFileSmall=Em87TPhon4Zq1WQwuv8t4Q==, figureFileBig=YgstQygsOMfPM85ZFgqGtQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346360580403556, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=CN, label=图3, caption=各组大鼠胰腺组织病理变化(HE染色,×100)

P-MSCs. 胎盘间充质干细胞;红圈示类似胰腺小叶样结构

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P-MSCs. 胎盘间充质干细胞;A. 胰腺病理损伤总评分;B. 胰腺间质水肿评分;C. 胰腺实质坏死评分;D. 胰腺实质出血评分;E. 胰腺炎性浸润评分;F. 胰腺空泡形成评分;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01,(3)P<0.001;与胰腺创伤组比较,(4)P<0.05,(5)P<0.01,(6)P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=qTsFWiczmRi4324+lvd4/Q==, figureFileBig=MxxB1pFxflQ202h2KE0+Bg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346360823673193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Comparison of serum amylase (AMS), lipase (LPS) and inflammatory factor concentrations of rats in each group, figureFileSmall=wOyqx5KvPiqAZquPvOQy5A==, figureFileBig=14c7uqHV6SSCXZFk5yB2Mg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346360886587755, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=CN, label=图5, caption=各组大鼠血清AMS、LPS及炎性因子浓度比较

P-MSCs. 胎盘间充质干细胞;AMS. 淀粉酶;LPS. 脂肪酶;TNF-α. 肿瘤坏死因子-α;IL-6. 白细胞介素-6;IL-10. 白细胞介素-10;TGF-β1. 转化生长因子-β1;A. 血清AMS浓度;B. 血清LPS浓度;C. 血清TNF-α浓度;D. 血清IL-6浓度;E. 血清IL-10浓度;F. 血清TGF-β1浓度;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01,(3)P<0.001;与胰腺创伤组比较,(4)P<0.05,(5)P<0.001图5A、B);术后1、3 d,P-MSCs组血清AMS、LPS浓度均低于胰腺创伤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,图5A、B)。

, figureFileSmall=wOyqx5KvPiqAZquPvOQy5A==, figureFileBig=14c7uqHV6SSCXZFk5yB2Mg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346360949502318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Comparison of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities in pancreatic tissue of rats in each group, figureFileSmall=/WKH1FZya1NTbtNJpIyaCg==, figureFileBig=3TnOwVVyHuqIQ0x3734s6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346361024999792, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=CN, label=图6, caption=各组大鼠胰腺组织MPO、SOD活性比较

P-MSCs. 胎盘间充质干细胞;MPO. 髓过氧化物酶;SOD. 超氧化物歧化酶;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01;与胰腺创伤组比较,(3)P<0.01,(4)P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=/WKH1FZya1NTbtNJpIyaCg==, figureFileBig=3TnOwVVyHuqIQ0x3734s6Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346361092108659, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=Apoptosis of pancreatic cells at 1 d after surgery in each group of rats, figureFileSmall=V9/v/qgdPMhPsX7BPF486A==, figureFileBig=EwgH/denRvpjGYhrwZj4mw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1199346361188577654, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1199334723714646540, language=CN, label=图7, caption=各组大鼠术后1 d胰腺细胞凋亡情况

P-MSCs. 胎盘间充质干细胞;A. TUNEL法检测;B. 凋亡指数比较;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.001;与胰腺创伤组比较,(2)P<0.001

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胎盘间充质干细胞对胰腺创伤大鼠的保护作用
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董鸿斐 1, 2 , 黄茜 1, 3 , 王张鹏 2, 3 , 景光旭 2, 3 , 史明 2 , 李先慧 1 , 孙红玉 2, 3, *
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2024,49(4): 439-448
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2024, 49(4): 439-448
胎盘间充质干细胞对胰腺创伤大鼠的保护作用
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董鸿斐1, 2, 黄茜1, 3, 王张鹏2, 3, 景光旭2, 3, 史明2, 李先慧1, 孙红玉2, 3, *
作者信息
  • 1西部战区总医院烧伤整形外科,四川成都 610083
  • 2西部战区总医院胰腺损伤与修复四川省重点实验室,四川成都 610083
  • 3西部战区总医院基础实验室,四川成都 610083
  • 董鸿斐,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事干细胞及干细胞外泌体联合组织工程支架在创面修复中的治疗应用与机制研究

通讯作者:

孙红玉,E-mail:
Protective effect of placental mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of pancreatic trauma in rats
Hong-Fei Dong1, 2, Xi Huang1, 3, Zhang-Peng Wang2, 3, Guang-Xu Jing2, 3, Ming Shi2, Xian-Hui Li1, Hong-Yu Sun2, 3, *
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Burns and Plastic Surgery, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, China
  • 2Sichuan Provincial Key Laboratory of Pancreatic Injury and Repair, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, China
  • 3Department of Basic Center Laboratory, General Hospital of Western Theater Command, Chengdu, Sichuan 610083, China
出版时间: 2024-04-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0597.2023.1017
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目的 探讨胎盘间充质干细胞(P-MSCs)对胰腺创伤(PT)大鼠的保护作用。方法 健康成年雄性SD大鼠60只,随机分为对照组、胰腺创伤组(胰腺损伤区域及创伤周围局部注射1 ml PBS溶液)与P-MSCs组[胰腺损伤区域及创伤周围局部注射1 ml P-MSCs(1×106个/ml)],每组20只。采用400 kPa的致伤压强建立胰腺创伤大鼠模型。于术后1、3、5、7 d每组处死5只大鼠,收集血清及胰腺组织。HE染色观察胰腺组织病理学变化并进行病理损伤评分,ELISA法测定血清中淀粉酶(AMS)、脂肪酶(LPS)、肿瘤坏死因子-α(TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(IL-6)、IL-10、转化生长因子-β1(TGF-β1)浓度,以及胰腺组织中髓过氧化物酶(MPO)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性,TUNEL法观察胰腺组织细胞凋亡情况。结果 与对照组比较,胰腺创伤组与P-MSCs组在胰腺创伤发生后腹腔积液量增加(P<0.05),胰腺/体重比、胰腺组织病理损伤总评分均升高(P<0.05),血清AMS、LPS、TNF-α、IL-6浓度及MPO活性早期升高,随时间延长呈下降趋势(P<0.05),而抗炎因子IL-10浓度及SOD活性随时间延长呈上升趋势(P<0.01),TGF-β1浓度早期下降,随时间延长呈上升趋势(P<0.01),凋亡指数(AI)明显升高(P<0.001)。与胰腺创伤组比较,P-MSCs组大鼠胰腺组织大体形态得以改善,腹腔积液量减少(P<0.001),胰腺/体重比、胰腺组织病理损伤总评分降低(P<0.05),血清AMS、LPS、IL-6、TNF-α浓度及MPO活性更快恢复至正常水平(P<0.05),而抗炎因子IL-10、TGF-β1浓度及SOD活性升高速度增加(P<0.05),AI升高(P<0.001)。结论 P-MSCs可促进PT大鼠组织修复,减轻其局部及全身炎症,改善组织氧化应激反应,促进胰腺腺泡细胞凋亡,对PT大鼠具有保护作用。

间充质干细胞  /  胰腺创伤  /  氧化应激  /  凋亡

Objective To investigate the protective effect of placental mesenchymal stem cells (P-MSCs) on pancreatic trauma (PT) in rats. Methods Sixty healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into control group, pancreatic trauma group (inject 1 ml of PBS solution locally in the pancreatic injury area and around the trauma area), and P-MSCs group [inject 1 ml of P-MSCs (1×106/ml) locally in the pancreatic injury area and around the trauma area], with 20 rats in each group. The pancreatic trauma rat model was established using a traumatic pressure of 400 kPa. Five rats were sacrificed at 1, 3, 5, and 7 d after modeling in each group, and serum and pancreatic tissue were collected. HE staining was used to observe the pathological changes of pancreatic tissue and pathological scores were performed. The ELISA method was used to measure the concentrations of serum amylase (AMS), lipase (LPS), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-6 (IL-6), IL-10, and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1), as well as the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) in pancreatic tissue. The TUNEL method was used to observe the level of apoptosis in pancreatic tissue was observed by the TUNEL method. Results Compared with control group, pancreatic trauma group and P-MSCs group showed significant differences after pancreatic trauma, including the generation of peritoneal fluid increased (P<0.05), the ratio of pancreas to body weight and the total score of pancreatic tissue pathological damage increased (P<0.05), and serum levels of AMS, LPS, TNF-α, IL-6, and MPO activity increased early and showed a decreasing trend over time (P<0.05), while anti-inflammatory factors IL-10 and SOD activity showed an increasing trend over time (P<0.01), level of TGF-β1 in the early decline showed an upward trend over time (P<0.01), and the apoptosis index (AI) significantly increased (P<0.001). Compared with pancreatic trauma group, P-MSCs group showed an improvement in the overall morphology of pancreatic tissue, the generation of peritoneal fluid decreased (P<0.001), the pancreas to body weight ratio and the total score of pancreatic tissue pathological damage decreased (P<0.05), and serum levels of AMS, LPS, IL-6, TNF-α and MPO activity returned to normal levels faster (P<0.05); and the rate of anti-inflammatory factors IL-10, TGF-β1 and SOD activity elevation increased (P<0.05), the AI increased (P<0.001). Conclusion P-MSCs can achieve therapeutic effects on pancreatic trauma in rats by promoting pancreatic tissue repair, reducing local and systemic inflammation, improving tissue oxidative stress, and enhancing pancreatic acinar cell apoptosis.

mesenchymal stem cell  /  pancreatic trauma  /  oxidative stress  /  apoptosis
董鸿斐, 黄茜, 王张鹏, 景光旭, 史明, 李先慧, 孙红玉. 胎盘间充质干细胞对胰腺创伤大鼠的保护作用. 解放军医学杂志, 2024 , 49 (4) : 439 -448 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0597.2023.1017
Hong-Fei Dong, Xi Huang, Zhang-Peng Wang, Guang-Xu Jing, Ming Shi, Xian-Hui Li, Hong-Yu Sun. Protective effect of placental mesenchymal stem cells in the treatment of pancreatic trauma in rats[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2024 , 49 (4) : 439 -448 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0597.2023.1017
胰腺创伤是一种严重的腹部急性创伤,在腹部创伤中发病率并不高[1-2],但由于胰腺创伤的伤情复杂严重,且常合并多脏器损伤,导致其并发症发生率高达20%~35%[3-4]。近年来随着小型机动车的普及,以及自然灾害频发等情况,使得腹部创伤事故的发生率明显增高,也间接造成胰腺创伤发病率显著增高[5-6]。因此,针对胰腺创伤的治疗已成为研究热点与难点。目前临床上对胰腺创伤的处置多采取非手术治疗,必要时进行止血、引流等操作[7-8],治疗手段有限,仍需探索新的治疗方法。
近年来,随着组织工程技术的发展,间充质干细胞(mesenchymal stem cells,MSCs)作为一种存在于成体多种器官中的多能干细胞,已被广泛应用于肌腱、软骨、神经和心肌等多种器官组织的损伤修复中[9-11],并已取得较好的治疗效果[12-15]。如Yu等[16]发现,孕早期胎盘绒毛膜MSCs具有良好的促血管生成作用,可改善梗死心肌供血;Wen等[17]将脐带间充质干细胞(umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells,UC-MSCs)联合富血小板血浆用于大鼠颅骨缺损的重建和再生,发现UC-MSCs联合富血小板血浆可增强大鼠体内骨再生。然而,关于MSCs在胰腺创伤组织修复中的应用研究报道鲜少。为此,本研究将胎盘间充质干细胞(placenta-derived MSCs,P-MSCs)应用于大鼠胰腺创伤的治疗中,观察P-MSCs对大鼠胰腺损伤组织的修复作用,并初步探讨其作用机制,以期为P-MSCs治疗胰腺创伤的临床应用提供依据。
健康成年雄性SPF级SD大鼠60只,体重180~200 g,购自成都达硕实验动物有限公司[实验动物生产许可证号:SCXK(川)2022-0030]。大鼠饲养于温度(22±2) ℃、湿度40%~60%,12 h光/暗循环,并可自由获得食物和饮水的环境中。实验过程符合国家和单位有关实验动物的管理和使用规定。
动物用异氟烷(深圳瑞沃德生命科技有限公司);MSCs无血清培养基(北京友康恒业生物科技有限公司);HE染色试剂盒(成都里莱生物有限公司);淀粉酶(amylase,AMS)、脂肪酶(lipase,LPS)、肿瘤坏死因子‑α(tumor necrosisfactor-α,TNF-α)、白细胞介素-6(interleukin-6,IL-6)、IL-10、转化生长因子-β1(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)、超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase,MPO)试剂盒(武汉赛维尔生物科技有限公司)。多功能动物撞击仪(由西部战区总医院基础实验室提供,已获得使用授权);小动物麻醉机(深圳瑞沃德生命科技有限公司);手术剪、眼科镊、弯镊(上海医疗器械股份有限公司);病理切片机[赛默飞世尔科技(中国)有限公司]。
P-MSCs由西部战区总医院胰腺损伤与修复四川省重点实验室提供,细胞培养采用无血清体系,具体培养方法参见Huang等[18]的研究。P-MSCs培养于含0.032%肝素的MSCs无血清培养基中,按1:3比例进行传代,选取第4或5代细胞用于细胞移植实验。
依据本课题组前期研究,在400 kPa致伤压强下建立稳定的胰腺创伤模型[19]。本研究中大鼠胰腺创伤模型接受创伤面积1.5 cm2/6 kg的挤压参数(即400 kPa压强),作用时间为1 s,受压次数为1次。60只SD大鼠术前禁食水8 h,采用随机数字表法分为对照组、胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组,每组20只。对照组大鼠经异氟烷麻醉后,上腹部正中线开腹后暴露十二指肠及肠管弯侧胰腺组织,仅用棉签轻轻按压翻动胰腺数次,然后关闭腹腔。胰腺创伤组大鼠麻醉后开腹,在不激惹胰腺的情况下充分暴露十二指肠及肠管弯侧胰腺组织,将弯侧胰腺引出腹腔后,仔细辨认胰胆管走行,将胰腺置于垫板与撞击头之间,调整预设定的挤压应力参数值,用已消毒的撞击头(面积1.5 cm2)垂直挤压胰腺,挤压时间均为1 s,随后在胰腺损伤区域及创伤周围局部注射1 ml PBS溶液然后关闭腹腔。P-MSCs组大鼠麻醉后开腹,按胰腺创伤组同样的方式造成胰腺损伤后,在胰腺损伤区域及创伤周围胰腺腺体内注射1 ml P-MSCs(1×106个/ml),然后关闭腹腔。为了避免开腹后腹腔胰腺暴露时间引起的组间差异,所有大鼠开腹暴露胰腺时间均控制在5 min左右。建模后所有大鼠均皮下注射生理盐水补液4 ml,12 h后恢复进食、饮水。
观察时间终点设置为术后7 d。模型建立后连续动态观察并记录各组大鼠的活动、饮食等一般情况。
各组于术后1、3、5、7 d时间点分别处死5只大鼠,记录每组大鼠体重,观察大鼠胰腺创伤区域情况及其与周围组织的关系,并拍照记录创伤区域胰腺组织出血、水肿及粘连情况;收集并计量各时间点大鼠腹腔积液量,完整切除大鼠胰腺并称重计量,计算大鼠胰腺/体重比;同时收集血清及胰腺创伤区域胰腺组织,用于后续检测。
将胰腺创伤区域胰腺组织用4%多聚甲醛溶液固定,常规乙醇脱水,石蜡包埋并切片(厚度6 μm),切片行苏木精-伊红(HE)染色,中性树胶封片,置于光学显微镜下观察1、3、5、7 d胰腺创伤区域胰腺组织病理学变化。
采用改良Grewal法[20]对胰腺组织病理损伤进行定量评估。由不知实验分组情况的同一病理医师,光镜下专人盲法观察切片病理改变。每张切片取10个高倍视野,最终评分取平均值。
采用ELISA法测定血清中AMS、LPS、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10、TGF-β1浓度,操作按试剂盒说明书步骤进行。
取-80 ℃冻存胰腺组织,超声波匀浆后离心收集上清液,按试剂盒说明书步骤操作,测定各组胰腺组织中MPO、SOD活性。
采用TUNEL法检测术后1 d胰腺创伤区域胰腺组织细胞凋亡情况。将大鼠胰腺组织石蜡切片后充分脱蜡水化,以TUNEL染色试剂盒进行凋亡细胞的标记反应,用DAPI进行细胞核染色,通过激光扫描共聚焦成像,观察损伤区域胰腺组织细胞凋亡情况。分别计数10个高倍视野的凋亡细胞数和总细胞数,计算凋亡指数(apoptosis index,AI)。AI(%)=凋亡细胞数/细胞总数×100%。
采用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料以$\bar{x}±s$表示,组间比较采用方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
三组大鼠均全部存活,对照组大鼠术后活动正常,对外界刺激(声音、光线、触摸、食物等)反应性良好,清醒后即开始饮水、进食,并排少量便。胰腺创伤组及P-MSCs组大鼠术后1 d内均精神萎靡,行动缓慢,对外界刺激(声音、光线、触摸、食物等)反应性下降,仅少量饮水,几乎无进食;P-MSCs组术后3 d活动量、反应性、对外界刺激恢复正常,并开始饮水、进食,少量排便;胰腺创伤组术后5 d恢复正常。
对照组术后1~7 d胰腺形态正常,无出血及渗出物。胰腺创伤组及P-MSCs组术后1 d胰腺创伤区均水肿明显,胰腺表面可见出血、坏死,胰腺与周围组织粘连紧密,表面可见皂化斑形成;随时间推移病情缓解,胰腺创伤组于术后5 d胰腺组织水肿开始消退,术后7 d胰腺创伤水肿完全缓解,在胰腺创伤区域形成略透明的纤维粘连区域(黄圈内示透明的纤维粘连区域);而P-MSCs组于术后3 d胰腺创伤区水肿消退,术后5 d胰腺创伤水肿完全缓解,创伤区胰腺组织形态饱满,与周围无粘连(图1红圈内示原始创伤区域)。
与对照组比较,胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组胰腺创伤发生后1 d腹腔积液量达到高峰,随后呈下降趋势,3 d后腹腔积液基本吸收(P<0.05,图2A)。术后1、3 d,P-MSCs组腹腔积液量明显少于胰腺创伤组(P<0.001,图2A)。与对照组比较,胰腺创伤组在各时间点的胰腺/体重比均升高,差异有统计学意义
HE染色结果显示,对照组在各时间点均未观察到胰腺发生坏死、水肿、出血等病理改变。胰腺创伤组早期胰腺实质可观察到广泛性间质水肿、腺泡细胞坏死、胰腺小叶结构紊乱并部分消失、大量炎性细胞浸润、红细胞渗出增加;随着时间推移,各种病理改变不断加重,于术后3 d达到高峰,5 d后胰腺出血、炎性细胞浸润及坏死程度较术后3 d逐渐减轻,胰腺创伤区域可见大量成纤维细胞填充,创伤区域未观察到正常胰腺腺泡结构。P-MSCs组在胰腺创伤发生1 d胰腺组织水肿程度、腺泡细胞坏死范围、炎性细胞浸润数量及红细胞渗出数量均较胰腺创伤组减轻;术后3 d胰腺创伤区域可见大量成纤维细胞填充,术后5、7 d可观察到类似胰腺小叶样结构形成,周围可见大量成纤维细胞聚集(图3)。
胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组胰腺病理损伤总评分随时间延长呈逐渐下降趋势,但在各时间点均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001);P-MSCs组与胰腺创伤组术后1 d胰腺病理损伤总评分差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);其余时间点(术后3、5、7 d)P-MSCs组胰腺病理损伤总评分均低于胰腺创伤组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,图4A)。与对照组比较,胰腺创伤组胰腺创伤发生后,胰腺间质水肿、实质坏死、炎性浸润、空泡形成各项病理评分随着时间推移不断升高,于术后3 d达到高峰,其后各项病理评分逐渐呈下降趋势(P<0.05)。与胰腺创伤组比较,P-MSCs组术后1~7 d胰腺间质水肿、空泡形成评分(P<0.05),术后3~7 d实质坏死评分(P<0.001),术后3 d实质出血评分(P<0.05)、术后3~5 d炎性浸润评分(P<0.001)均明显降低(图4B-F)。
ELISA法检测结果显示,与对照组比较,术后1 d胰腺创伤组与P-MSCs组血清AMS、LPS浓度明显升高(P<0.001);术后3 d,胰腺创伤组血清AMS、LPS浓度较术后1 d呈下降趋势,且较对照组明显降低(P<0.001,图5A、B),P-MSCs组血清AMS、LPS浓度较术后1 d呈下降趋势,且AMS浓度较对照组明显降低(P<0.01,图5A),但LPS浓度与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,图5B);术后5、7 d,胰腺创伤组与P-MSCs组血清AMS、LPS浓度均恢复正常水平,与对照组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,术后1~7 d,对照组血清TNF-α、IL-6浓度持续处于较低水平;术后1 d,胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组血清TNF-α、IL-6浓度明显升高(P<0.001),但随时间延长呈下降趋势;与胰腺创伤组比较,P-MSCs组大鼠血清TNF-α、IL-6浓度更快恢复至正常水平(P<0.05,图5C、D)。术后1 d,P-MSCs组大鼠血清IL-10浓度较对照组升高(P<0.001),随时间延长呈持续上升趋势;术后5 d,胰腺创伤组大鼠血清IL-10浓度较对照组升高(P<0.001),随时间延长呈持续上升趋势;P-MSCs组IL-10浓度升高较胰腺创伤组明显,差异有统计学意义(P<0.001,图5E)。与对照组比较,胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组大鼠血清TGF-β1浓度呈下降趋势(P<0.05),且随着时间推移逐渐恢复至正常水平,但P-MSCs组恢复速度明显优于胰腺创伤组(P<0.001,图5F)。
ELISA法检测结果显示,与对照组比较,术后1、3 d,胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组大鼠胰腺组织MPO活性均明显升高(P<0.001);术后5、7 d,胰腺创伤组大鼠胰腺组织MPO活性明显高于对照组(P<0.001),而P-MSCs组与对照组差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与胰腺创伤组比较,术后各时间点P-MSCs组大鼠胰腺组织MPO活性均降低(P<0.001) (图6A)。
与对照组比较,胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组大鼠胰腺组织SOD活性在损伤早期(术后1~5 d)均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.001),且随时间推移呈上升趋势,术后7 d P-MSCs组SOD活性恢复至正常水平,而胰腺创伤组SOD活性仍未恢复;相较胰腺创伤组,P-MSCs组SOD活性恢复速度优于胰腺创伤组(P<0.01,图6B)。
TUNEL法检测结果显示,术后1 d,对照组大鼠胰腺组织内可见很少量的凋亡细胞,而胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组可见较多的凋亡细胞,且P-MSCs组凋亡细胞数量多于胰腺创伤组(图7A)。如图7B所示,对照组AI(0.294±0.107)处于低水平,而胰腺创伤组(19.468±2.707)及P-MSCs组(40.35±5.238)AI明显升高(P<0.001),且P-MSCs组AI明显高于胰腺创伤组(P<0.001)。
MSCs具有高度的自我增殖能力,且具有来源广泛、多向分化潜能、低免疫原性等优势,成为再生医学中组织器官修复重建的理想种子细胞。此外,MSCs还具有易于从组织中分离、纯化及体外扩增的特点[21],这使其具有较高的临床应用价值,因此越来越受到人们的重视。近年来,大量研究显示,MSCs可通过减轻局部炎症促进细胞再生、加速组织修复,从而发挥治疗作用[22-24]。目前已有应用MSCs治疗胰腺创伤的少量研究报道,但主要集中在骨髓源性MSCs(bone marrow-derived MSCs,BM-MSCs)及脐带源性MSCs(umbilical cord-derived MSCs,UC-MSCs)[25-26],而关于P-MSCs对胰腺创伤治疗的研究鲜有报道。P-MSCs来源于胎盘组织,胎盘组织在胎儿娩出后常被当作医疗垃圾所抛弃。近年来随着细胞移植技术的发展,P-MSCs逐渐引起社会及广大研究者的关注。一方面从胎盘中分离MSCs不会给捐赠者带来不适;另一方面,与BM-MSCs相比,P-MSCs具有更强的增殖能力与免疫调节特性[18,27]。因此,本研究探讨P-MSCs能否有效减轻胰腺创伤导致的炎症反应,并促进胰腺组织修复。
研究发现,胰腺创伤发生后,大量胰腺腺泡细胞被破坏,腺泡细胞坏死分解并释放消化酶原,进一步被激活后引起创伤性胰腺炎[28]。人类和动物模型都通过胰腺腺泡细胞的再生来恢复胰腺形态功能。这种再生过程包括炎症、化生和再分化3个阶段,由腺泡细胞、以巨噬细胞为主的炎性细胞和胰腺成纤维细胞之间的细胞间相互作用驱动完成[29]。Bonner-Weir等[30]通过手术方法将大鼠大部分胰腺组织切除后,观察发现残存的胰腺组织可表现出明显的组织再生,病理学检查提示再生区域形成新的胰岛和胰腺腺泡结构,提示胰腺中存在成体干细胞或胰腺前体细胞,这些细胞具有在特定环境下向胰岛细胞、胰腺腺泡细胞分化的能力。陈强等[31]将骨髓间充质干细胞局部注入损伤胰腺组织内,结果提示骨髓间充质干细胞注入可明显增高胰腺损伤模型动物的存活率,有利于损伤的胰腺修复。本研究观察到胰腺创伤组早期大量胰腺腺泡细胞坏死,术后1~5 d表现为以白细胞为主的炎性细胞浸润,术后3~7 d可见大量胰腺成纤维细胞生成并填充坏死区域。这三个过程序贯重叠发生并相互作用,共同推进胰腺创伤后病情演变。而与胰腺创伤组相比,P-MSCs组胰腺间质水肿、实质出血、腺泡细胞坏死、炎性细胞浸润程度在各个时间点均明显减轻,表现为胰腺创伤早期P-MSCs可减轻胰腺组织坏死、炎性细胞浸润水平,而中后期P-MSCs可促进胰腺成纤维细胞的生成,促进胰腺组织结构的重塑。此外,术后7 d,HE染色观察到P-MSCs组可见类似胰腺小叶样结构形成,而胰腺创伤组未观察到相同结构。
胰腺创伤发生后,由于损伤区域胰腺腺泡细胞坏死破裂,细胞内的胰淀粉酶原、脂肪酶原、蛋白酶原等被释放入胰腺组织间隙,进而通过血液循环被运送至全身,引起全身炎症反应综合征(systemic inflammatory response syndrome,SIRS),通过观察血清AMS、LPS的变化,可以间接了解胰腺损伤程度[32]。研究表明MSCs具有减轻炎症的作用,Zhang等[33]使用UC-MSCs外泌体治疗慢性输卵管炎,发现UC-MSCs外泌体可改善输卵管局部炎症微环境,抑制输卵管炎症;Han等[34]使用UC-MSCs治疗创伤性胰腺炎,发现UC-MSCs可抑制损伤胰腺细胞释放胰淀粉酶原、脂肪酶原,从而缓解胰腺炎症。本研究发现,与对照组比较,术后1 d,胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组血清AMS、LPS浓度均明显升高,但相较胰腺创伤组,P-MSCs组大鼠血清AMS、LPS浓度有所降低,表明P-MSCs可有效减轻胰腺损伤。
胰腺创伤易引发SIRS,多表现为早期即出现严重的感染及全身症状,其感染坏死的发生率高,尤其是胰腺导管损伤合并胰液漏出时,常引起多器官功能障碍,从而导致胰腺创伤患者死亡,而病程中后期感染控制困难,这也间接导致胰腺创伤的死亡率居高不下[35]。因此,要评估P-MSCs对胰腺创伤的治疗效果,尚需评估其对胰腺创伤引起的全身炎症反应的干预效果[36]。目前评估全身炎症反应程度可通过测定血清中炎性因子(如肿瘤坏死因子、白细胞介素、转化生长因子等)的浓度来间接反映。本研究发现,相比胰腺创伤组,P-MSCs组大鼠血清中促炎相关因子IL-6与TNF-α浓度明显降低,而抗炎相关因子IL-10与TGF-β1浓度明显升高,表明P-MSCs可有效减轻胰腺创伤大鼠全身炎症反应。
胰腺组织受损后,可释放大量氧自由基,加重胰腺细胞氧化应激,从而对胰腺及胰周脏器产生巨大的破坏作用。研究表明,当胰腺相关损伤发生时,机体内产生大量氧自由基,导致机体内大量的抗氧化酶被消耗,进而导致抗氧化防御系统对自由基的清除能力下降,引起组织损伤的发生[37]。MPO是由成熟中性粒细胞特别生成的,其他组织并不生成和释放MPO,因此损伤组织中MPO活性可反映组织中中性粒细胞浸润情况。本研究结果显示,相比对照组,胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组大鼠胰腺组织中MPO活性明显升高,且胰腺创伤组MPO活性升高程度高于P-MSCs组。SOD作为一种酶类抗氧化剂,在清除体内过多生成的氧自由基过程中起着重要作用[38]。本研究结果显示,与对照组比较,胰腺创伤组、P-MSCs组在胰腺创伤发生后,胰腺组织中SOD活性均明显下降,考虑早期损伤发生后机体抗氧化应激系统启动后消耗性降低,但P-MSCs组SOD活性下降程度低于胰腺创伤组,且更早表现出恢复趋势。通过观察胰腺组织内MPO、SOD活性的变化,间接表明P-MSCs可减轻创伤胰腺组织中中性粒细胞浸润,降低胰腺创伤组织内氧化应激水平,并在促进损伤胰腺组织修复中起着重要作用。
胰腺创伤可导致胰腺腺泡细胞死亡,并释放大量胰酶,引起严重的创伤性胰腺炎。胰腺腺泡细胞死亡主要表现为两种模式:细胞坏死和细胞凋亡。在胰腺损伤中,胰腺腺泡细胞凋亡过程不会造成胞内有害物质大量释放而加重胰腺组织损伤。已有研究显示,细胞凋亡是炎性疾病的一种保护性反应[39-41]。罗晨等[39]发现,腹腔穿刺引流可通过增强细胞凋亡减轻大鼠急性重症胰腺炎严重程度;Hajnády等[42]研究表明,通过干预胰腺腺泡细胞坏死,将细胞坏死转变为凋亡可有效减轻胰腺炎症。本研究TUNEL细胞凋亡染色发现,使用P-MSCs治疗胰腺创伤组织后,胰腺组织内细胞凋亡水平明显增高,表明P-MSCs可增高损伤胰腺组织内细胞凋亡水平,从而减少胰腺腺泡细胞内有毒物质的释放,继而减轻胰腺组织损伤。
综上所述,本研究结果初步表明,P-MSCs对大鼠胰腺创伤的治疗是有效的,可减轻胰腺病理损伤和胰腺创伤炎症反应,分析原因可能与其减轻胰腺组织炎症、改善组织氧化应激反应,以及促进胰腺腺泡细胞凋亡有关,但具体机制尚需进一步探讨。
  • 国家自然科学基金面上项目(81772001)
  • 西部战区总医院军事医学联合攻关项目(2019LH04)
  • 西部战区总医院院管课题孵化项目(2021-XZYG-C36)
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2024年第49卷第4期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0597.2023.1017
  • 接收时间:2023-04-22
  • 首发时间:2025-11-23
  • 出版时间:2024-04-28
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  • 收稿日期:2023-04-22
  • 录用日期:2023-06-02
基金
General Program of National Natural Science Foundation of China(81772001)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(81772001)
Joint Military/Medicine Research Program of General Hospital of Western Theater Comm(2019LH04)
西部战区总医院军事医学联合攻关项目(2019LH04)
Incubation Project of Hospital Management Project of General Hospital of Western Theater Comm(2021-XZYG-C36)
西部战区总医院院管课题孵化项目(2021-XZYG-C36)
作者信息
    1西部战区总医院烧伤整形外科,四川成都 610083
    2西部战区总医院胰腺损伤与修复四川省重点实验室,四川成都 610083
    3西部战区总医院基础实验室,四川成都 610083

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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