Article(id=1198602004529512869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198601997155922872, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1686067200000, receivedDateStr=2023-06-07, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1697126400000, acceptedDateStr=2023-10-13, onlineDate=1763698586827, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1719504000000, pubDateStr=2024-06-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763698586827, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763698586827, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763698586827, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198601997155922872, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2024', volume='49', issue='6', pageStart='611', pageEnd='732', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1763698585070, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763698770557, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198602775211901122, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198601997155922872, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198602775211901123, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198601997155922872, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=663, endPage=669, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198602004865057207, articleId=1198602004529512869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Effect of different blood pressure stratification on renal function in diabetic population, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the effect of varying blood pressure stratification on renal function in the diabetic population. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling 9 489 diabetic patients from a total of 101 510 Kailuan Group employees who underwent health examinations between July 2006 and October 2007. The follow-up period was (8.6±4.0) years. Participants were categorized into four groups based on their baseline blood pressure levels: normal blood pressure (systolic blood pressure <120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <80 mmHg), elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 120-130 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <80 mmHg), stage 1 hypertension (systolic blood pressure 130-140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure 80-90 mmHg), and stage 2 hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg). The incidence density of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was compared among these groups. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to assess the effects of different blood pressure levels on renal function in diabetic patients, with the stability of the results confirmed using a multivariate time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model. Sensitivity analysis was conducted after excluding cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during follow-up, and cases using antihypertensive and antidiabetic medications at baseline. Results (1) At baseline, stage 1 hypertension patients demonstrated statistically significant higher differences with age and body mass index (BMI) compared to normal blood pressure group (P<0.05). (2) By the end of the follow-up, 2 294 cases of CKD were identified, including 1 117 cases of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and 1 575 cases of urinary protein. The incidences density of CKD, eGFR decline and urinary protein for stage 1 hypertension group were 39.4, 16.3 and 25.5 per thousand person-years, respectively, all of which were statistically significant different from normal blood pressure group (log-rank test, P<0.01). (3) Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that, compared to the normal blood pressure group, stage 1 hypertension was associated with a 29% increased risk of CKD (HR=1.29, 95%CI 1.09-1.52) and a 40% increased risk of eGFR decline (HR=1.40, 95%CI 1.08-1.80) in diabetic individuals. Conclusion Stage 1 hypertension significantly increases the risk of CKD and eGFR decline in diabetic individuals, with a particularly notable effect on the risk of eGFR decline.

, correspAuthors=Yan-Min Zhang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, pdfUrl=null, pdf=null, pdfFileSize=null, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=null, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=null, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=null, authorsList=Yong-Gang Chen, Shou-Ling Wu, Jin-Feng Zhang, Shuo-Hua Chen, Li-Wen Wang, Kai Yang, Hai-Liang Xiong, Ming Gao, Chun-Yu Jiang, Ye-Qiang Liu, Yan-Min Zhang), CN=ArticleExt(id=1198602005519368667, articleId=1198602004529512869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=CN, title=不同血压分层对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响, columnId=1190310109164180259, journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, columnName=临床研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

目的 探讨不同血压分层对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响。方法 采用前瞻性队列研究设计,以2006年7月-2007年10月参加健康查体的101 510名开滦集团职工中9489例糖尿病患者作为观察队列,随访(8.6±4.0)年。依据基线血压水平将研究人群分为正常血压(收缩压<120 mmHg、舒张压<80 mmHg)、血压升高(收缩压120~130 mmHg、舒张压<80 mmHg)、高血压1级[收缩压130~140 mmHg和(或)舒张压80~90 mmHg]、高血压2级[收缩压≥140 mmHg和(或)舒张压≥90 mmHg]4组。比较各组人群的慢性肾脏病(CKD)的发病密度。采用多变量Cox比例风险回归模型分析不同血压对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响,采用多变量时间依赖性Cox比例风险模型分析结果的稳定性,并排除随访期间发生心血管事件(CVD)、基线服用降压药和基线服用降糖药后进行敏感性分析。结果 (1)在基线水平,高血压1级组患者年龄、体重指数(BMI)高于正常血压组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)至随访结束时,发生CKD 2294例,其中估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降1117例,尿蛋白1575例,高血压1级组CKD的发病密度为39.4/千人年,eGFR下降发病密度为16.3/千人年,尿蛋白发病密度为25.5/千人年,与正常血压组比较差异均有统计学意义(log-rank检验,P<0.01)。(3)多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析显示,与正常血压比较,高血压1级可使糖尿病人群发生CKD的风险增加29%(HR=1.29,95%CI 1.09~1.52)、eGFR下降的风险增加40%(HR=1.40,95%CI 1.08~1.80)。结论 高血压1级(≥130/80 mmHg)即可增加糖尿病人群发生CKD和eGFR下降的风险,且eGFR下降的风险更大。

, correspAuthors=张艳敏, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张艳敏,E-mail:
, copyrightStatement=null, copyrightOwner=null, extLink=null, articleAbsUrl=null, sourceXml=z9nc4TKq+EVjd0yyMyPEuQ==, magXml=ju0OQoCewERF3DD5dSY4Ag==, pdfUrl=null, pdf=In+PLaRQ9qkVomw9bMlVDw==, pdfFileSize=1076195, pdfExtLink=null, richHtmlUrl=null, mobilePdfUrl=null, reviewReport=null, pdfFirstPage=null, abstractGraph=jbZqHpY8C39cB4E1bgZehA==, abstractGraphContent=null, abstractVideo=null, citation=null, cebUrl=null, magXmlContent=7FPpihooOexO3JTX+v5CnQ==, mapNumber=null, authorCompany=null, fund=null, authors=

陈永刚,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事心脏相关疾病等方面的研究

, authorsList=陈永刚, 吴寿岭, 张金凤, 陈朔华, 王丽文, 杨凯, 熊海亮, 高明, 姜春宇, 刘业强, 张艳敏)}, authors=[Author(id=1198611596911144982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=0, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611596990836766, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611596911144982, language=EN, stringName=Yong-Gang Chen, firstName=Yong-Gang, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611597108277283, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611596911144982, language=CN, stringName=陈永刚, firstName=永刚, middleName=null, lastName=陈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000, bio={"content":"

陈永刚,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事心脏相关疾病等方面的研究

"}, bioImg=null, bioContent=

陈永刚,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事心脏相关疾病等方面的研究

, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596395246592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596403634176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596412022786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611597175386153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=1, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611597280243761, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611597175386153, language=EN, stringName=Shou-Ling Wu, firstName=Shou-Ling, middleName=null, lastName=Wu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611597351546934, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611597175386153, language=CN, stringName=吴寿岭, firstName=寿岭, middleName=null, lastName=吴, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2唐山开滦总医院心内科,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596500103171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596508491780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596500103171, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596521074693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596500103171, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2唐山开滦总医院心内科,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611597427044414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=2, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611597510930500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611597427044414, language=EN, stringName=Jin-Feng Zhang, firstName=Jin-Feng, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3Department of Catheterization Laboratory, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611597594816583, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611597427044414, language=CN, stringName=张金凤, firstName=金凤, middleName=null, lastName=张, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=3, address=3唐山中心医院导管室,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596604960775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596613349384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596604960775, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Department of Catheterization Laboratory, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596621737993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596604960775, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3唐山中心医院导管室,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611597661925452, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=3, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611597724840019, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611597661925452, language=EN, stringName=Shuo-Hua Chen, firstName=Shuo-Hua, middleName=null, lastName=Chen, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611597817114710, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611597661925452, language=CN, stringName=陈朔华, firstName=朔华, middleName=null, lastName=陈, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=2, address=2唐山开滦总医院心内科,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596500103171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596508491780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596500103171, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596521074693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596500103171, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2唐山开滦总医院心内科,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611597884223579, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=4, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611597963915360, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611597884223579, language=EN, stringName=Li-Wen Wang, firstName=Li-Wen, middleName=null, lastName=Wang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611598026829922, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611597884223579, language=CN, stringName=王丽文, firstName=丽文, middleName=null, lastName=王, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596395246592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596403634176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596412022786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611598098133095, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=5, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611598173630573, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611598098133095, language=EN, stringName=Kai Yang, firstName=Kai, middleName=null, lastName=Yang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611598253322353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611598098133095, language=CN, stringName=杨凯, firstName=凯, middleName=null, lastName=杨, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596395246592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596403634176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596412022786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611598416900212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=6, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611598500786298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611598416900212, language=EN, stringName=Hai-Liang Xiong, firstName=Hai-Liang, middleName=null, lastName=Xiong, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611598572089469, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611598416900212, language=CN, stringName=熊海亮, firstName=海亮, middleName=null, lastName=熊, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596395246592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596403634176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596412022786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611598647586944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=7, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611598714695816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611598647586944, language=EN, stringName=Ming Gao, firstName=Ming, middleName=null, lastName=Gao, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611598790193291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611598647586944, language=CN, stringName=高明, firstName=明, middleName=null, lastName=高, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=1, address=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596395246592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596403634176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596412022786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611598857302160, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=8, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611598928605336, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611598857302160, language=EN, stringName=Chun-Yu Jiang, firstName=Chun-Yu, middleName=null, lastName=Jiang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4Department of Gastroenterology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611598987325596, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611598857302160, language=CN, stringName=姜春宇, firstName=春宇, middleName=null, lastName=姜, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, address=4唐山中心医院消化内科,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596714012683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596718206989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596714012683, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of Gastroenterology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596726595598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596714012683, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4唐山中心医院消化内科,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611599062823072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=9, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=null, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=0, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611599150903463, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611599062823072, language=EN, stringName=Ye-Qiang Liu, firstName=Ye-Qiang, middleName=null, lastName=Liu, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=5, address=5Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611599238983850, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611599062823072, language=CN, stringName=刘业强, firstName=业强, middleName=null, lastName=刘, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=5, address=5唐山中心医院内分泌科,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596823064591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=5, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596831453200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596823064591, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596839841809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596823064591, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5唐山中心医院内分泌科,河北唐山 063000)])]), Author(id=1198611599318675630, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, orderNo=10, firstName=null, middleName=null, lastName=null, nameCn=null, orcid=null, stid=null, country=null, authorPic=null, dead=0, email=15373569066@163.com, emailSecond=null, emailThird=null, correspondingAuthor=1, authorType=1, ext={EN=AuthorExt(id=1198611599385784497, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611599318675630, language=EN, stringName=Yan-Min Zhang, firstName=Yan-Min, middleName=null, lastName=Zhang, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, *, address=4Department of Gastroenterology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null), CN=AuthorExt(id=1198611599457087671, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, authorId=1198611599318675630, language=CN, stringName=张艳敏, firstName=艳敏, middleName=null, lastName=张, prefix=null, suffix=null, authorComment=null, nameInitials=null, affiliation=null, department=null, xref=4, *, address=4唐山中心医院消化内科,河北唐山 063000, bio=null, bioImg=null, bioContent=null, aboutCorrespAuthor=null)}, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596714012683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596718206989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596714012683, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of Gastroenterology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596726595598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596714012683, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4唐山中心医院消化内科,河北唐山 063000)])])], keywords=[Keyword(id=1198611599603888317, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, orderNo=1, keyword=diabetes), Keyword(id=1198611599679385788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, orderNo=2, keyword=stage 1 hypertension), Keyword(id=1198611599767466175, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, orderNo=3, keyword=renal impairment), Keyword(id=1198611599826186433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, orderNo=4, keyword=estimated glomerular filtration rate), Keyword(id=1198611599905878212, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, orderNo=5, keyword=urine protein detection), Keyword(id=1198611599989764295, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, orderNo=1, keyword=糖尿病), Keyword(id=1198611600065261772, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, orderNo=2, keyword=高血压1级), Keyword(id=1198611600136564941, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, orderNo=3, keyword=肾损伤), Keyword(id=1198611600220451024, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, orderNo=4, keyword=估算肾小球滤过率), Keyword(id=1198611600291754193, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, orderNo=5, keyword=尿蛋白)], refs=[Reference(id=1198611601491325166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=402, issue=10397, pageStart=203, pageEnd=234, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[1], rfOrder=0, authorNames=GBD 2021 Diabetes Collaborators, journalName=Lancet, refType=null, unstructuredReference=GBD 2021 Diabetes Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021[J]. Lancet, 2023, 402(10397): 203-234., articleTitle=Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611601575211248, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=362, issue=null, pageStart=null, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[2], rfOrder=1, authorNames=Xu G, Liu B, Sun Y, journalName=BMJ, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Xu G, Liu B, Sun Y, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes among US adults in 2016 and 2017: population based study[J]. BMJ, 2018, 362: k1497., articleTitle=Prevalence of diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes among US adults in 2016 and 2017: population based study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611601642320114, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=13, issue=4, pageStart=315, pageEnd=409, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[3], rfOrder=2, authorNames=中华医学会糖尿病学分会, journalName=中华糖尿病杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=中华医学会糖尿病学分会. 中国2型糖尿病防治指南(2020年版)[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志, 2021, 13(4): 315-409., articleTitle=中国2型糖尿病防治指南(2020年版), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611601722011892, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=14, issue=6, pageStart=361, pageEnd=377, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[4], rfOrder=3, authorNames=Anders HJ, Huber TB, Isermann B, journalName=Nat Rev Nephrol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Anders HJ, Huber TB, Isermann B, et al. CKD in diabetes: diabetic kidney disease versus nondiabetic kidney disease[J]. Nat Rev Nephrol, 2018, 14(6): 361-377., articleTitle=CKD in diabetes: diabetic kidney disease versus nondiabetic kidney disease, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611601797509367, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2023, volume=48, issue=7, pageStart=856, pageEnd=862, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[5], rfOrder=4, authorNames=黄玉林, 马坤岭, journalName=解放军医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=黄玉林, 马坤岭. 糖尿病肾病遗传调控机制研究进展[J]. 解放军医学杂志, 2023, 48(7): 856-862., articleTitle=糖尿病肾病遗传调控机制研究进展, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611601906561273, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=30, issue=5, pageStart=798, pageEnd=802, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[6], rfOrder=5, authorNames=Yan D, Wang J, Jiang F, journalName=J Diabetes Complications, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yan D, Wang J, Jiang F, et al. Association between serum uric acid related genetic loci and diabetic kidney disease in the Chinese type 2 diabetes patients[J]. J Diabetes Complications, 2016, 30(5): 798-802., articleTitle=Association between serum uric acid related genetic loci and diabetic kidney disease in the Chinese type 2 diabetes patients, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611601977864443, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=98, issue=6, pageStart=1419, pageEnd=1423, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[7], rfOrder=6, authorNames=Yang C, Gao B, Zhao X, journalName=Kidney Int, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Yang C, Gao B, Zhao X, et al. Executive summary for China kidney disease network (CK-NET) 2016 annual data report[J]. Kidney Int, 2020, 98(6): 1419-1423., articleTitle=Executive summary for China kidney disease network (CK-NET) 2016 annual data report, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602107887869, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=47, issue=5, pageStart=493, pageEnd=499, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[8], rfOrder=7, authorNames=范春玲, 刘永哲, journalName=解放军医学杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=范春玲, 刘永哲. 腹腔镜下肾部分切除术后急性肾损伤的危险因素及其预测价值[J]. 解放军医学杂志, 2022, 47(5): 493-499., articleTitle=腹腔镜下肾部分切除术后急性肾损伤的危险因素及其预测价值, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602174996735, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=5, issue=4, pageStart=487, pageEnd=493, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[9], rfOrder=8, authorNames=Wu S, Huang Z, Yang X, journalName=Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu S, Huang Z, Yang X, et al. Prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health and its relationship with the 4-year cardiovascular events in a northern Chinese industrial city[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes, 2012, 5(4): 487-493., articleTitle=Prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health and its relationship with the 4-year cardiovascular events in a northern Chinese industrial city, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602246299905, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=17, issue=7, pageStart=621, pageEnd=624, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[10], rfOrder=9, authorNames=苏超, 张桂霞, 王瑞峰, journalName=中华疾病控制杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=苏超, 张桂霞, 王瑞峰, 等. CKD-EPI方程估算中国慢性肾脏病患者肾小球滤过率的适用性评价[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2013, 17(7): 621-624., articleTitle=CKD-EPI方程估算中国慢性肾脏病患者肾小球滤过率的适用性评价, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602313408771, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=29, issue=8, pageStart=733, pageEnd=739, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[11], rfOrder=10, authorNames=刘倩, 韩旭, 马一涵, journalName=中华高血压杂志, refType=null, unstructuredReference=刘倩, 韩旭, 马一涵, 等. 非高血压人群平均动脉压对动脉硬化进展的影响[J]. 中华高血压杂志, 2021, 29(8): 733-739., articleTitle=非高血压人群平均动脉压对动脉硬化进展的影响, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602388906245, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=71, issue=6, pageStart=e13, pageEnd=e115, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[12], rfOrder=11, authorNames=Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, journalName=Hypertension, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines[J]. Hypertension, 2018, 71(6): e13-e115., articleTitle=2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602443432199, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=18, issue=6, pageStart=1942, pageEnd=1952, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[13], rfOrder=12, authorNames=Hermans MM, Henry R, Dekker JM, journalName=J Am Soc Nephrol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hermans MM, Henry R, Dekker JM, et al. Estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin excretion are independently associated with greater arterial stiffness: the Hoorn Study[J]. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2007, 18(6): 1942-1952., articleTitle=Estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin excretion are independently associated with greater arterial stiffness: the Hoorn Study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602502152458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=11, issue=1, pageStart=565, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Wagnew F, Eshetie S, Dejenu Kibret G, journalName=BMC Res Notes, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wagnew F, Eshetie S, Dejenu Kibret G, et al. Diabetic nephropathy and hypertension in diabetes patients of sub-Saharan countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. BMC Res Notes, 2018, 11(1): 565., articleTitle=Diabetic nephropathy and hypertension in diabetes patients of sub-Saharan countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602627981581, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2000, volume=321, issue=7258, pageStart=412, pageEnd=419, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[15], rfOrder=14, authorNames=Adler AI, Stratton IM, Neil HA, journalName=BMJ, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Adler AI, Stratton IM, Neil HA, et al. Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study[J]. BMJ, 2000, 321(7258): 412-419., articleTitle=Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602703479055, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2007, volume=370, issue=9590, pageStart=829, pageEnd=840, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[16], rfOrder=15, authorNames=Patel A, ADVANCE Collaborative Group, MacMahon S, journalName=Lancet, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Patel A, ADVANCE Collaborative Group, MacMahon S, et al. Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial[J]. Lancet, 2007, 370(9590): 829-840., articleTitle=Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602778976529, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2010, volume=362, issue=17, pageStart=1575, pageEnd=1585, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[17], rfOrder=16, authorNames=ACCORD Study Group, Cushman WC, Evans GW, journalName=N Engl J Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=ACCORD Study Group, Cushman WC, Evans GW, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. N Engl J Med, 2010, 362(17): 1575-1585., articleTitle=Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602854474001, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2012, volume=27, issue=8, pageStart=3218, pageEnd=3223, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[18], rfOrder=17, authorNames=Kanno A, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T, journalName=Nephrol Dial Transplant, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Kanno A, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T, et al. Pre-hypertension as a significant predictor of chronic kidney disease in a general population: the Ohasama Study[J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2012, 27(8): 3218-3223., articleTitle=Pre-hypertension as a significant predictor of chronic kidney disease in a general population: the Ohasama Study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602917388563, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2021, volume=19, issue=1, pageStart=512, pageEnd=null, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[19], rfOrder=18, authorNames=Wang HY, Meng Q, Yang C, journalName=J Transl Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wang HY, Meng Q, Yang C, et al. Association between pulse pressure, systolic blood pressure and the risk of rapid decline of kidney function among general population without hypertension: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)[J]. J Transl Med, 2021, 19(1): 512., articleTitle=Association between pulse pressure, systolic blood pressure and the risk of rapid decline of kidney function among general population without hypertension: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS), refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611602992886037, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2016, volume=67, issue=1, pageStart=89, pageEnd=97, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[20], rfOrder=19, authorNames=Garofalo C, Borrelli S, Pacilio M, journalName=Am J Kidney Dis, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Garofalo C, Borrelli S, Pacilio M, et al. Hypertension and prehypertension and prediction of development of decreased estimated GFR in the general population: a Meta-analysis of cohort studies[J]. Am J Kidney Dis, 2016, 67(1): 89-97., articleTitle=Hypertension and prehypertension and prediction of development of decreased estimated GFR in the general population: a Meta-analysis of cohort studies, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611603080966423, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2013, volume=185, issue=11, pageStart=949, pageEnd=957, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[21], rfOrder=20, authorNames=Lv J, Ehteshami P, Sarnak MJ, journalName=CMAJ, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Lv J, Ehteshami P, Sarnak MJ, et al. Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on the progression of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. CMAJ, 2013, 185(11): 949-957., articleTitle=Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on the progression of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611603156463898, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2011, volume=154, issue=8, pageStart=541, pageEnd=548, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[22], rfOrder=21, authorNames=Upadhyay A, Earley A, Haynes SM, journalName=Ann Intern Med, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Upadhyay A, Earley A, Haynes SM, et al. Systematic review: blood pressure target in chronic kidney disease and proteinuria as an effect modifier[J]. Ann Intern Med, 2011, 154(8): 541-548., articleTitle=Systematic review: blood pressure target in chronic kidney disease and proteinuria as an effect modifier, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611603231961372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2020, volume=76, issue=1, pageStart=251, pageEnd=258, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[23], rfOrder=22, authorNames=Wu S, Song Y, Chen S, journalName=Hypertension, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Wu S, Song Y, Chen S, et al. Blood pressure classification of 2017 associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality in young Chinese adults[J]. Hypertension, 2020, 76(1): 251-258., articleTitle=Blood pressure classification of 2017 associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality in young Chinese adults, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198611603320041758, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=320, issue=17, pageStart=1783, pageEnd=1792, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[24], rfOrder=23, authorNames=Son JS, Choi S, Kim K, journalName=JAMA, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Son JS, Choi S, Kim K, et al. Association of blood pressure classification in Korean young adults according to the 2017 American college of cardiology/American heart association guidelines with subsequent cardiovascular disease events[J]. JAMA, 2018, 320(17): 1783-1792., articleTitle=Association of blood pressure classification in Korean young adults according to the 2017 American college of cardiology/American heart association guidelines with subsequent cardiovascular disease events, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198611596395246592, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596403634176, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596412022786, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596395246592, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198611596500103171, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596508491780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596500103171, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596521074693, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596500103171, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2唐山开滦总医院心内科,河北唐山 063000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198611596604960775, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=3, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596613349384, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596604960775, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3Department of Catheterization Laboratory, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596621737993, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596604960775, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=3唐山中心医院导管室,河北唐山 063000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198611596714012683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=4, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596718206989, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596714012683, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4Department of Gastroenterology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596726595598, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596714012683, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=4唐山中心医院消化内科,河北唐山 063000)]), AuthorCompany(id=1198611596823064591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, xref=5, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596831453200, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596823064591, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198611596839841809, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, companyId=1198611596823064591, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=5唐山中心医院内分泌科,河北唐山 063000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1198611600455332054, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Flow chart of selected subjects, figureFileSmall=XQT+jH+gY01lIgCSgBKBLA==, figureFileBig=jlbPTFPVaumZ1ibGn6adhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198611600522440919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, label=图1, caption=纳入研究对象流程图, figureFileSmall=XQT+jH+gY01lIgCSgBKBLA==, figureFileBig=jlbPTFPVaumZ1ibGn6adhw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198611600610521306, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of general information on the research population

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标

正常血压组
(n=749)

血压升高组
(n=325)

高血压1级组
(n=1979)

高血压2级组
(n=3601)

F/χ2P
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)58.1±9.961.1±9.2(1)59.1±9.7(1)61.1±9.5(1)(3)33.59<0.0001
男/女[例]590/159260/651655/324(1)3068/533(1)(2)22.58<0.0001
收缩压(mmHg, $\bar{x}±s$)108.33±7.86123.96±3.95(1)124.60±8.13(1)151.43±16.97(1)(2)(3)3153.33<0.0001
舒张压(mmHg, $\bar{x}±s$)70.10±5.8374.46±4.81(1)80.54±4.11(1) (2)92.62±10.53(1)(2)(3)2140.45<0.0001
高血压[例(%)]00342(17.3)3601(100)
空腹血糖(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$)9.50±3.409.51±3.059.23±2.969.10±2.80(1)(2)5.16<0.0015
总胆固醇(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$)5.11±1.175.12±1.175.17±1.225.26±1.245.09<0.0016
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$)24.71±3.2025.39±3.42(1)25.74±3.20(1) (2)26.68±3.47(1)(2)(3)90.79<0.0001
eGFR[ml/(min.1.73m2), $\bar{x}±s$]84.33±15.6783.53±20.8185.36±35.9982.05±21.357.25<0.0001
吸烟[例(%)]291(38.8)126(38.8)672(34.0)(1)1115(31.0)(1)(2)(3)25.98<0.0001
饮酒[例(%)]276(36.8)125(38.5)715(36.1)1165(32.4)(1)(2)(3)13.67<0.0034
运动[例(%)]675(90.1)284(87.4)1735(87.7)3205(89.0)4.620.21
服用降糖药物[例(%)]213(28.4)100(30.7)523(26.4)821(22.8)(1)(2)(3)21.97<0.0001
服用降压药物[例(%)]00342(17.3)1001(27.8)(3)
), ArticleFig(id=1198611600686018780, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

研究对象一般资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标

正常血压组
(n=749)

血压升高组
(n=325)

高血压1级组
(n=1979)

高血压2级组
(n=3601)

F/χ2P
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)58.1±9.961.1±9.2(1)59.1±9.7(1)61.1±9.5(1)(3)33.59<0.0001
男/女[例]590/159260/651655/324(1)3068/533(1)(2)22.58<0.0001
收缩压(mmHg, $\bar{x}±s$)108.33±7.86123.96±3.95(1)124.60±8.13(1)151.43±16.97(1)(2)(3)3153.33<0.0001
舒张压(mmHg, $\bar{x}±s$)70.10±5.8374.46±4.81(1)80.54±4.11(1) (2)92.62±10.53(1)(2)(3)2140.45<0.0001
高血压[例(%)]00342(17.3)3601(100)
空腹血糖(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$)9.50±3.409.51±3.059.23±2.969.10±2.80(1)(2)5.16<0.0015
总胆固醇(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$)5.11±1.175.12±1.175.17±1.225.26±1.245.09<0.0016
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$)24.71±3.2025.39±3.42(1)25.74±3.20(1) (2)26.68±3.47(1)(2)(3)90.79<0.0001
eGFR[ml/(min.1.73m2), $\bar{x}±s$]84.33±15.6783.53±20.8185.36±35.9982.05±21.357.25<0.0001
吸烟[例(%)]291(38.8)126(38.8)672(34.0)(1)1115(31.0)(1)(2)(3)25.98<0.0001
饮酒[例(%)]276(36.8)125(38.5)715(36.1)1165(32.4)(1)(2)(3)13.67<0.0034
运动[例(%)]675(90.1)284(87.4)1735(87.7)3205(89.0)4.620.21
服用降糖药物[例(%)]213(28.4)100(30.7)523(26.4)821(22.8)(1)(2)(3)21.97<0.0001
服用降压药物[例(%)]00342(17.3)1001(27.8)(3)
), ArticleFig(id=1198611600769904862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Incidences density of renal function injury in diabetes population with different blood pressure stratification

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别CKDeGFR下降尿蛋白
例数发病密度(/千人年)例数发病密度(/千人年)例数发病密度(/千人年)
正常血压组(n=749)18429.07711.214021.0
血压升高组(n=325)9435.04013.57024.8
高血压1级组(n=1979)63339.428916.344125.5
高血压2级组(n=3601)138252.871124.092432.4
χ289.770.836.5
P<0.01<0.01<0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1198611600841208032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

不同血压分层糖尿病人群肾功能损伤的发病密度

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
组别CKDeGFR下降尿蛋白
例数发病密度(/千人年)例数发病密度(/千人年)例数发病密度(/千人年)
正常血压组(n=749)18429.07711.214021.0
血压升高组(n=325)9435.04013.57024.8
高血压1级组(n=1979)63339.428916.344125.5
高血压2级组(n=3601)138252.871124.092432.4
χ289.770.836.5
P<0.01<0.01<0.01
), ArticleFig(id=1198611600933482722, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Effect of different blood pressure stratification on renal function of diabetes population

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量HR(95%CI)
模型1模型2模型3
CKD
正常血压111
血压升高1.12(0.87~1.43)1.10(0.86~1.41)1.10(0.87~1.41)
高血压1级1.33(1.13~1.57)1.32(1.12~1.55)1.29(1.09~1.52)
高血压2级1.75(1.50~2.04)1.70(1.45~1.98)1.65(1.41~1.94)
eGFR下降
正常血压111
血压升高1.09(0.75~1.60)1.09(0.75~1.60)1.09(0.75~1.60)
高血压1级1.42(1.11~1.83)1.45(1.13~1.87)1.40(1.08~1.80)
高血压2级1.96(1.55~2.48)2.00(1.58~2.54)1.89(1.48~2.41)
尿蛋白
正常血压111
血压升高1.14(0.85~1.52)1.11(0.83~1.48)1.11(0.83~1.48)
高血压1级1.18(0.98~1.43)1.17(0.96~1.41)1.15(0.95~1.40)
高血压2级1.50(1.26~1.80)1.46(1.22~1.75)1.45(1.20~1.74)
), ArticleFig(id=1198611601021563108, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

不同血压分层对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量HR(95%CI)
模型1模型2模型3
CKD
正常血压111
血压升高1.12(0.87~1.43)1.10(0.86~1.41)1.10(0.87~1.41)
高血压1级1.33(1.13~1.57)1.32(1.12~1.55)1.29(1.09~1.52)
高血压2级1.75(1.50~2.04)1.70(1.45~1.98)1.65(1.41~1.94)
eGFR下降
正常血压111
血压升高1.09(0.75~1.60)1.09(0.75~1.60)1.09(0.75~1.60)
高血压1级1.42(1.11~1.83)1.45(1.13~1.87)1.40(1.08~1.80)
高血压2级1.96(1.55~2.48)2.00(1.58~2.54)1.89(1.48~2.41)
尿蛋白
正常血压111
血压升高1.14(0.85~1.52)1.11(0.83~1.48)1.11(0.83~1.48)
高血压1级1.18(0.98~1.43)1.17(0.96~1.41)1.15(0.95~1.40)
高血压2级1.50(1.26~1.80)1.46(1.22~1.75)1.45(1.20~1.74)
), ArticleFig(id=1198611601105449190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, label=Tab.4, caption=

Time dependent Cox analysis of the impact of different blood pressure stratification on renal function (n=6654)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量例数(%)人年

发病密度
(千人年)

HR(95%CI)
CKD
正常血压174(29.1)461337.71
血压升高116(30.5)320936.10.99(0.79~1.26)
高血压1级595(33.9)1357943.81.26(1.00~1.47)
高血压2级1409(35.9)2996147.01.37(1.19~1.59)
eGFR下降
正常血压77(13.3)485615.91
血压升高46(12.0)353713.01.02(0.75~1.42)
高血压1级280(16.4)1483718.91.27(1.03~1.57)
高血压2级714(17.9)3407221.01.58(1.29~1.94)
尿蛋白
正常血压122(20.6)490224.91
血压升高86(21.3)360023.90.98(0.75~1.27)
高血压1级409(23.5)1451428.21.12(0.94~1.31)
高血压2级958(24.5)3223229.71.16(0.98~1.36)
), ArticleFig(id=1198611601168363752, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

不同血压分层对于肾功能影响的时间依赖性Cox分析(n=6654)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量例数(%)人年

发病密度
(千人年)

HR(95%CI)
CKD
正常血压174(29.1)461337.71
血压升高116(30.5)320936.10.99(0.79~1.26)
高血压1级595(33.9)1357943.81.26(1.00~1.47)
高血压2级1409(35.9)2996147.01.37(1.19~1.59)
eGFR下降
正常血压77(13.3)485615.91
血压升高46(12.0)353713.01.02(0.75~1.42)
高血压1级280(16.4)1483718.91.27(1.03~1.57)
高血压2级714(17.9)3407221.01.58(1.29~1.94)
尿蛋白
正常血压122(20.6)490224.91
血压升高86(21.3)360023.90.98(0.75~1.27)
高血压1级409(23.5)1451428.21.12(0.94~1.31)
高血压2级958(24.5)3223229.71.16(0.98~1.36)
), ArticleFig(id=1198611601243861225, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Sensitivity analysis of different blood pressure stratification on renal function in diabetes population

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型正常血压血压升高高血压1级高血压2级
模型1
CKD11.15(0.85~1.46)1.27(1.06~1.52)1.62(1.36~1.93)
eGFR下降11.11(0.73~1.66)1.36(1.03~1.78)1.85(1.42~2.40)
尿蛋白11.12(0.82~1.53)1.13(0.91~1.39)1.40(1.14~1.72)
模型2
CKD11.12(0.87~1.44)1.27(1.08~1.51)1.68(1.43~1.97)
eGFR下降11.12(0.76~1.65)1.40(1.08~1.81)1.97(1.54~2.53)
尿蛋白11.14(0.85~1.52)1.12(0.92~1.37)1.47(1.22~1.78)
模型3
CKD11.21(0.90~1.64)1.37(1.12~1.68)1.77(1.46~2.14)
eGFR下降11.23(0.76~1.97)1.68(1.22~2.31)2.22(1.65~3.02)
尿蛋白11.25(0.88~1.77)1.20(0.95~1.53)1.49(1.19~1.86)
), ArticleFig(id=1198611601315164396, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198602004529512869, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

不同血压分层对糖尿病人群肾功能的敏感性分析

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
模型正常血压血压升高高血压1级高血压2级
模型1
CKD11.15(0.85~1.46)1.27(1.06~1.52)1.62(1.36~1.93)
eGFR下降11.11(0.73~1.66)1.36(1.03~1.78)1.85(1.42~2.40)
尿蛋白11.12(0.82~1.53)1.13(0.91~1.39)1.40(1.14~1.72)
模型2
CKD11.12(0.87~1.44)1.27(1.08~1.51)1.68(1.43~1.97)
eGFR下降11.12(0.76~1.65)1.40(1.08~1.81)1.97(1.54~2.53)
尿蛋白11.14(0.85~1.52)1.12(0.92~1.37)1.47(1.22~1.78)
模型3
CKD11.21(0.90~1.64)1.37(1.12~1.68)1.77(1.46~2.14)
eGFR下降11.23(0.76~1.97)1.68(1.22~2.31)2.22(1.65~3.02)
尿蛋白11.25(0.88~1.77)1.20(0.95~1.53)1.49(1.19~1.86)
)], attaches=null, journal=Journal(id=1146441329971666965, delFlag=0, nameCn=解放军医学杂志, nameEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, issn=0577-7402, eissn=null, cn=11-1056/R, coden=null, periodic=0, language=CN, oaType=是, ccby=CC BY-NC-ND, superviseOffice=null, ownerOffice=null, pubOffice=null, editorOffice=null, officeType=null, aims=null, clcCode=null, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=null, officeZip=null, officeEmail=null, officePhone=null, editDirector=null, officeDirector=null, officeDirectorPhone=null, officeStaffNum=null, officeEmpNum=null, coverPicUrl=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPrice=null, startedYear=null, abbrevIsoEn=null, journalRemark=null, publicationField=null, createdTime=1751262512917, updatedTime=1761735725513, createdBy=18614031015, updatedBy=13701087609, firstLetterCn=M, firstLetterEn=M, subjectCode=Life Sciences, subjectName=Life Sciences, subjectCodeEn=Life Sciences, subjectNameEn=null, picCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, picEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, jcr=null, cjcr=null, exts=[JournalExt(id=1190369167564968109, language=CN, name=解放军医学杂志, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725537, updatedTime=1761735725537, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""}), JournalExt(id=1190369167615299758, language=EN, name=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, nameHistory1=null, nameHistory2=null, managedBy=, sponsoredBy=, publishedBy=, editorOffice=, officeProv=null, officeCity=null, officeAddr=, officeZip=, editDirector=, officeDirector=null, officePhone=null, coverPicUrl=null, journalRemark=, submitArticleUrl=null, websiteUrl=, createdTime=1761735725549, updatedTime=1761735725549, createdBy=13701087609, updatedBy=13701087609, submissionGuidelinesUrl=, submissionAuthorUrl=#, submissionEditorUrl=#, submissionReviewUrl=#, submissionCeEditorUrl=, submissionAeEditorUrl=, option={"copyright":""})], databaseList=null, tenantJournalId=1189873630562394117, websiteList=[Website(id=1189873845923287108, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN, language=CN, createTime=1761617631655, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622010471, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-中文, tplId=1146099689490845704, title=解放军医学杂志, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924939378520839, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629813284, updateTime=1761629813284, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939353355012, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629813278, updateTime=1761629813278, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939399492362, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813289, updateTime=1761629813289, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939344966403, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629813276, updateTime=1761629813276, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939412075276, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813292, updateTime=1761629813292, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939374326534, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/file/pic, createTime=1761629813283, updateTime=1761629813283, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939407880971, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629813291, updateTime=1761629813291, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939361743621, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_cn_619/, createTime=1761629813280, updateTime=1761629813280, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939386909448, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629813286, updateTime=1761629813286, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924939395298057, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873845923287108, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629813288, updateTime=1761629813288, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)]), Website(id=1189873846057504839, webName=null, webTitle=null, webDomain=null, webCopyrigh=null, webIpcNo=null, seoTitle=null, seoKeywords=null, seoDescription=null, tenantJournalId=null, journalId=1189873630562394117, journalNameCn=null, journalNameEn=null, grayFlag=null, tenantId=1146029695717560320, platformId=null, journalGroupId=null, journalGroupNameCn=null, journalGroupNameEn=null, type=1, domain=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN, language=EN, createTime=1761617631687, createBy=18614031015, updateTime=1761622030030, updateBy=18614031015, name=解放军医学杂志-英文, tplId=1146101810881728533, title=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, delFlag=0, indexPage=/home, props=[WebsiteProps(id=1189924968168223505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=articleTextType, value=kx, createTime=1761629820148, updateTime=1761629820148, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968147251982, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=banner, value=null, createTime=1761629820143, updateTime=1761629820143, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968185000724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=grayFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820152, updateTime=1761629820152, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968138863373, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=logo, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic?fileId=+zXjYVhun8ZOAA6+aKx2hw==, createTime=1761629820141, updateTime=1761629820141, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968197583638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=minRunFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820155, updateTime=1761629820155, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968159834896, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=picServerUrl, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/file/pic, createTime=1761629820146, updateTime=1761629820146, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968193389333, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=silenceFlag, value=0, createTime=1761629820154, updateTime=1761629820154, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968155640591, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=staticResourcePath, value=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/cast_kjdb_en_623/, createTime=1761629820145, updateTime=1761629820145, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968172417810, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeColor, value=null, createTime=1761629820149, updateTime=1761629820149, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015), WebsiteProps(id=1189924968180806419, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=null, journalGroupId=null, siteId=1189873846057504839, code=themeStyle, value=null, createTime=1761629820151, updateTime=1761629820151, creator=18614031015, updator=18614031015)])], journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, weixinUrl=null, journalUrl=http://zh.jfjyxzz.org.cn/, iacademicId=null, status=1, seqNo=null, journalTitleEn=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, journalPhotoCn=6srot5PcoYX30Oa4xeTmeg==, journalPhotoEn=ELwBh5xqrSTlIs7HmSNt2Q==, journalFirstLetter=M, journalRecommend=null, journalNew=null, journalCollection=null, jcrJf=null, cjcrJf=null, jcrJfStr=null, cjcrJfStr=null, submissionFirstDecision=null, sciSubjectClassification=null, casSubjectClassification=null, citeScore=null, totalCitationFrequency=null, icpCode=null, psCode=null, advertisingLicenseCode=null, copyrightInformation=null, country=null, option=, provinceCode=null, provinceName=null, collectFlag=false), detailUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221, detailUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221, pdfUrlCn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221, pdfUrlEn=https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/EN/PDF/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221, aliStartDate=null, aliEndDate=null, collectionFlag=false, citedCount=null, citedUrl=null, reference=null)
收藏切换
不同血压分层对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响
收藏切换
PDF下载
陈永刚 1 , 吴寿岭 2 , 张金凤 3 , 陈朔华 2 , 王丽文 1 , 杨凯 1 , 熊海亮 1 , 高明 1 , 姜春宇 4 , 刘业强 5 , 张艳敏 4, *
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2024,49(6): 663-669
收起
收藏切换
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2024, 49(6): 663-669
不同血压分层对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响
全屏
陈永刚1, 吴寿岭2, 张金凤3, 陈朔华2, 王丽文1, 杨凯1, 熊海亮1, 高明1, 姜春宇4, 刘业强5, 张艳敏4, *
作者信息
  • 1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000
  • 2唐山开滦总医院心内科,河北唐山 063000
  • 3唐山中心医院导管室,河北唐山 063000
  • 4唐山中心医院消化内科,河北唐山 063000
  • 5唐山中心医院内分泌科,河北唐山 063000
  • 陈永刚,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事心脏相关疾病等方面的研究

通讯作者:

张艳敏,E-mail:
Effect of different blood pressure stratification on renal function in diabetic population
Yong-Gang Chen1, Shou-Ling Wu2, Jin-Feng Zhang3, Shuo-Hua Chen2, Li-Wen Wang1, Kai Yang1, Hai-Liang Xiong1, Ming Gao1, Chun-Yu Jiang4, Ye-Qiang Liu5, Yan-Min Zhang4, *
Affiliations
  • 1Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
  • 2Department of Cardiology, Tangshan Kailuan General Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
  • 3Department of Catheterization Laboratory, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
  • 4Department of Gastroenterology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
  • 5Department of Endocrinology, Tangshan Central Hospital, Tangshan, Hebei 063000, China
出版时间: 2024-06-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221
文章导航
收藏切换

目的 探讨不同血压分层对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响。方法 采用前瞻性队列研究设计,以2006年7月-2007年10月参加健康查体的101 510名开滦集团职工中9489例糖尿病患者作为观察队列,随访(8.6±4.0)年。依据基线血压水平将研究人群分为正常血压(收缩压<120 mmHg、舒张压<80 mmHg)、血压升高(收缩压120~130 mmHg、舒张压<80 mmHg)、高血压1级[收缩压130~140 mmHg和(或)舒张压80~90 mmHg]、高血压2级[收缩压≥140 mmHg和(或)舒张压≥90 mmHg]4组。比较各组人群的慢性肾脏病(CKD)的发病密度。采用多变量Cox比例风险回归模型分析不同血压对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响,采用多变量时间依赖性Cox比例风险模型分析结果的稳定性,并排除随访期间发生心血管事件(CVD)、基线服用降压药和基线服用降糖药后进行敏感性分析。结果 (1)在基线水平,高血压1级组患者年龄、体重指数(BMI)高于正常血压组患者,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。(2)至随访结束时,发生CKD 2294例,其中估算肾小球滤过率(eGFR)下降1117例,尿蛋白1575例,高血压1级组CKD的发病密度为39.4/千人年,eGFR下降发病密度为16.3/千人年,尿蛋白发病密度为25.5/千人年,与正常血压组比较差异均有统计学意义(log-rank检验,P<0.01)。(3)多因素Cox比例风险回归模型分析显示,与正常血压比较,高血压1级可使糖尿病人群发生CKD的风险增加29%(HR=1.29,95%CI 1.09~1.52)、eGFR下降的风险增加40%(HR=1.40,95%CI 1.08~1.80)。结论 高血压1级(≥130/80 mmHg)即可增加糖尿病人群发生CKD和eGFR下降的风险,且eGFR下降的风险更大。

糖尿病  /  高血压1级  /  肾损伤  /  估算肾小球滤过率  /  尿蛋白

Objective To investigate the effect of varying blood pressure stratification on renal function in the diabetic population. Methods A prospective cohort study was conducted, enrolling 9 489 diabetic patients from a total of 101 510 Kailuan Group employees who underwent health examinations between July 2006 and October 2007. The follow-up period was (8.6±4.0) years. Participants were categorized into four groups based on their baseline blood pressure levels: normal blood pressure (systolic blood pressure <120 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <80 mmHg), elevated blood pressure (systolic blood pressure 120-130 mmHg and diastolic blood pressure <80 mmHg), stage 1 hypertension (systolic blood pressure 130-140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure 80-90 mmHg), and stage 2 hypertension (systolic blood pressure ≥140 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure ≥90 mmHg). The incidence density of chronic kidney disease (CKD) was compared among these groups. A multivariate Cox proportional hazards regression model was employed to assess the effects of different blood pressure levels on renal function in diabetic patients, with the stability of the results confirmed using a multivariate time-dependent Cox proportional hazards model. Sensitivity analysis was conducted after excluding cases of cardiovascular disease (CVD) during follow-up, and cases using antihypertensive and antidiabetic medications at baseline. Results (1) At baseline, stage 1 hypertension patients demonstrated statistically significant higher differences with age and body mass index (BMI) compared to normal blood pressure group (P<0.05). (2) By the end of the follow-up, 2 294 cases of CKD were identified, including 1 117 cases of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) decline and 1 575 cases of urinary protein. The incidences density of CKD, eGFR decline and urinary protein for stage 1 hypertension group were 39.4, 16.3 and 25.5 per thousand person-years, respectively, all of which were statistically significant different from normal blood pressure group (log-rank test, P<0.01). (3) Multivariate Cox regression analysis revealed that, compared to the normal blood pressure group, stage 1 hypertension was associated with a 29% increased risk of CKD (HR=1.29, 95%CI 1.09-1.52) and a 40% increased risk of eGFR decline (HR=1.40, 95%CI 1.08-1.80) in diabetic individuals. Conclusion Stage 1 hypertension significantly increases the risk of CKD and eGFR decline in diabetic individuals, with a particularly notable effect on the risk of eGFR decline.

diabetes  /  stage 1 hypertension  /  renal impairment  /  estimated glomerular filtration rate  /  urine protein detection
陈永刚, 吴寿岭, 张金凤, 陈朔华, 王丽文, 杨凯, 熊海亮, 高明, 姜春宇, 刘业强, 张艳敏. 不同血压分层对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响. 解放军医学杂志, 2024 , 49 (6) : 663 -669 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221
Yong-Gang Chen, Shou-Ling Wu, Jin-Feng Zhang, Shuo-Hua Chen, Li-Wen Wang, Kai Yang, Hai-Liang Xiong, Ming Gao, Chun-Yu Jiang, Ye-Qiang Liu, Yan-Min Zhang. Effect of different blood pressure stratification on renal function in diabetic population[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2024 , 49 (6) : 663 -669 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221
糖尿病已经成为严重危害人类健康的慢性非传染性疾病。2021年全世界有5.29亿糖尿病患者,患病率为6.1%;预计到2050年,全球有13.1亿糖尿病患者[1];美国成人糖尿病患病率为8.5%[2],而中国18岁以上人群糖尿病患病率为11.2%[3]。心脑血管疾病和糖尿病肾病为糖尿病人群常见并发症,且糖尿病肾病易发展成肾衰竭,为透析患者的主要病因之一[4-5],不仅给患者带来痛苦,也消耗了大量的公共资源。糖尿病常合并高血压,据统计,60%的中国糖尿病患者合并高血压[6],同时,高血压也是肾损伤的主要病因,在因高血压住院的患者中肾损伤的发生率高达20.8%[7]。糖尿病合并高血压人群的肾损伤检出率高于单纯糖尿病人群[8],目前指南建议糖尿病患者的靶目标血压为<130/80 mmHg,但证据主要是基于血压<130/80 mmHg可以降低糖尿病患者心脑血管疾病风险[3],而预防糖尿病患者早期肾损伤发生的最佳目标血压国内外目前尚未形成统一意见,原因在于缺乏有力证据的支持。为了弥补这方面的不足,本研究依据开滦研究队列中的糖尿病人群分析不同血压水平对糖尿病人群肾功能的影响,以期为糖尿病患者血压控制目标的制定提供循证医学支持。
研究对象来自开滦研究(注册号ChiCTR-TNRC-11001489)人群,2006年7月-2007年10月对开滦在职及离退休101 510名职工进行了健康查体,本研究已获开滦医院医学伦理委员会审批([2006]医伦字5号),所有参加者均签署知情同意书。纳入标准:(1)参加健康体检的开滦集团在职及离退休职工;(2)空腹血糖≥7.0 mmol/L,或<7.0 mmol/L但既往有糖尿病病史、正常使用降糖药物者。排除标准:基线资料不全者。
流行病学调查内容、人体测量学指标测量见本课题组文献[9]。研究对象均在晨起空腹状态下,于早7:30-9:00采集肘前静脉血5 ml,经过3000 r/min离心10 min,取上层血清在4 h内进行测量。血肌酐(Scr)测定采用酶法,试剂由上海名典生物工程公司提供,批内变异系数<10%,批间相对极差<10%,线性范围为44~106 μmol/L。采用日立7600型全自动生化仪测定,与卫生部质控结果一致,由专业检验师严格按试剂说明书进行操作。尿常规检测采用尿干化学法+尿沉渣检测法(H12-MA尿液分析试纸及DIRUI N-600尿液常规检测分析仪均购自长春迪瑞医疗科技股份有限公司)。尿常规中尿蛋白测定采用半定量法,<150 mg/L为阴性,150~290 mg/L为微量,300~3000 mg/L为(+),3010~10 000 mg/L为(++),>10 000 mg/L为(+++)。
采用慢性肾脏病流行病学协作公式(Chronic Kidney Disease Epide-miology Collaboration equation,CKD-EPI)法计算[10]。女性:Scr≤62 μmol/L时,eGFR=144×(Scr/0.7)-0.329×(0.993)年龄;Scr>62 μmol/L时,eGFR=144×(Scr/0.7)-1.209×(0.993)年龄。男性:Scr≤80 μmol/L时,eGFR=141×(Scr/0.9)-0.411×(0.993)年龄;Scr>80 μmol/L时,eGFR=141×(Scr/0.9)-1.209×(0.993)年龄。
采用标准台式水银柱血压计于体检当日7:00-9:00测量血压,观察对象取坐位至少安静休息5 min,测量右上臂收缩压与舒张压,以柯氏第1音为收缩压,柯氏第5音为舒张压,重复3次取平均值,每次测量间隔1~2 min[11]。按照2017年ACC/AHA标准[12],按基线血压水平将研究对象分为4组:正常血压组(收缩压<120 mmHg、舒张压<80 mmHg);血压升高组(收缩压120~130 mmHg、舒张压<80 mmHg);高血压1级组(收缩压130~140 mmHg和(或)舒张压80~90 mmHg以及自报服药后达到正常血压或血压升高);高血压2级组(收缩压≥140 mmHg和(或)舒张压≥90 mmHg)。
糖尿病定义:空腹血糖水平≥7.0 mmol/L或虽<7.0 mmol/L但正在服用降糖药或有糖尿病病史[1,3]。吸烟定义:近1年平均每天至少吸1支烟,或戒烟不足1年。饮酒定义:近1年平均每日饮白酒(乙醇含量50%以上)100 ml,持续至少1年以上[9]。体育锻炼定义:每周锻炼≥3次,每次持续时间≥30 min。慢性肾脏病(CKD)根据2002年美国国家肾脏基金会制定的K/DOQI(kidney disease outcome quality initiative)指南标准定义:eGFR<60 ml/(min.1.73 m2)和(或)尿蛋白阳性[13]。以参加第1次(2006-2007年度)健康体检时间为随访起点,每2年进行一次随访,以首次出现CKD的时间为事件终点时间,未发生事件的人群以最后一次随访时间作为终点时间。随访结束时间为2020年12月31日。
分别计算各组CKD发生率,比较各组间事件发生率的差异。比较各组间发病密度(即人时发病率,发病密度=观察期间发病例数/观察人时数),并分析影响CKD的因素、结果的稳定性及敏感性。
数据由各医院通过网络上传至开滦医院Oracle10.0g数据库,采用SAS 9.4软件进行统计分析。符合正态分布的计量资料以$\bar{x}±s$表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用SNK-q检验;不符合正态分布者以M(Q1Q3)表示,组间比较采用秩和检验。计数资料以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。采用log-rank检验比较各组间发病密度。采用多变量Cox比例风险模型分析影响CKD的因素,计算出各组的HR值。再次采用多变量时间依赖性Cox比例风险模型分析结果的稳定性。敏感性分析:排除随访期间发生心血管事件(CVD)、基线服用降压药和基线服用降糖药后进行敏感性分析。P<0.05(双侧检验)为差异有统计学意义。
参加2006年7月-2007年10月健康查体的101 510名开滦集团职工中,空腹血糖≥7.0 mmol/L或<7.0 mmol/L但已确诊为糖尿病正在使用降糖药物者共9489例,排除基线血压缺失49例,基线eGFR缺失45例,基线CKD病史2407例,随访资料缺失334例,最终研究队列纳入6654例糖尿病患者(图1)。
6654例中男5573例(占83.8%),女1081例(占16.2%)。其中,正常高血压组749例(占11.3%)、血压升高组325例(占4.9%)、高血压1级1979例(占29.7%)、高血压2级3601例(占54.1%)。4个组eGFR水平差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与正常血压组比较,血压升高组、高血压1级组和高血压2级组年龄、收缩压、舒张压、BMI均明显增高,高血压1、2级组男性比例增高,高血压1级组吸烟比例降低,高血压2级组空腹血糖水平、吸烟、饮酒、口服降糖药物比例降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与血压升高组比较,高血压1级组舒张压、BMI增高;高血压2级组收缩压、舒张压、BMI、男性比例均增高,而空腹血糖、吸烟、饮酒、口服降糖药比例均降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与高血压1级组比较,高血压2级组年龄、收缩压、舒张压、BMI增高,吸烟、饮酒、口服降糖药物比例降低,口服降压药物比例增高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表1)。
经过(8.6±4.0)年随访结束时,6654例中CKD 2294例(发生率34.5%),eGFR下降1117例(发生率16.8%),尿蛋白1575例(检出率23.6%)。随着血压水平逐渐升高,CKD、eGFR下降、尿蛋白的发病密度呈上升趋势(Log-rank检验,P<0.05)。与正常血压组比较,血压升高组、高血压1级组、高血压2级组CKD的发病密度均增高(P<0.05),且eGFR下降和尿蛋白的发病密度也具有相同的趋势,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)(表2)。
以不同血压分组为自变量,以随访时发生CKD、eGFR下降、尿蛋白为因变量,采用Cox比例风险回归模型分析。模型1校正了年龄和性别;模型2在模型1的基础上进一步校正BMI、空腹血糖、血脂;模型3在模型2的基础上进一步校正了年龄、性别、BMI、空腹血糖、血脂、吸烟、饮酒、体育锻炼等多种因素。校正多种因素后,与正常血压比较,高血压1级可使CKD的发病风险增加29%(HR=1.29,95%CI 1.09~1.52);eGFR与CKD的发病风险具有相同的趋势,高血压1级可使eGFR下降风险增加40%(HR=1.40,95%CI 1.08~1.80);而高血压1级时发生尿蛋白的风险未见明显增加(HR=1.15,95%CI 0.95~1.40),当继续进展至高血压2级时,尿蛋白发生风险增加45%(HR=1.45,95%CI 1.20~1.74)(表3)。部分个体在随访过程中出现了血压变化,由血压正常、血压升高组进展至高血压1级或2级,因而进一步将血压作为时间依赖性变量再次进行多变量时间依赖性Cox比例风险模型分析,结果显示,糖尿病人群肾损伤随血压升高而增加,当血压>130/80 mmHg时(即高血压1级或2级)肾损伤明显增加(表4),与Cox风险回归模型结果一致。此外,敏感性分析结果(表5)与主结果一致。
有荟萃分析结果发现,与糖尿病无高血压人群相比,糖尿病伴发高血压后发生糖尿病肾病的风险增加67%[14]。英国前瞻性糖尿病研究(United Kingdom Prospective Diabetes Study,UKPDS 36)发现,控制血压有益于预防糖尿病早期肾损伤的发生[15]。虽然血压升高会增加糖尿病肾损伤的风险,但截至目前导致糖尿病肾损伤的血压阈值仍未明确。ADVANCE试验证实,强化降压可降低糖尿病大血管和微血管并发症风险[16]。ACCORD-BP试验显示,强化降压可降低卒中风险,而未降低其他糖尿病并发症的风险,但强化降压可降低糖尿病患者的复合风险[17]
本研究通过对开滦研究糖尿病人群分析发现,血压>130/80 mmHg时CKD的风险增加,且其增加eGFR下降的风险大于尿蛋白的风险,这种风险的增加独立于其他危险因素。通过近9年的随访发现,在糖尿病人群中,血压水平升高与CKD的发生风险呈正相关,与正常血压组相比,高血压1级组发生CKD、eGFR下降的风险分别增加29%和40%,且随着血压水平的升高,发生CDK的风险进一步增加(P<0.001)。虽然以往未见不同血压分组对糖尿病患者CKD影响的研究,但在普通人群中的研究结果与本研究类似。其中,日本一项普通人群的研究提示,高血压1级时发生CKD的风险较正常血压组升高49%[18];中国健康与退休纵向研究(CHARLS)结果提示,与收缩压<120 mmHg相比,收缩压130~139 mmHg组发生eGFR快速下降的风险增加32%(OR=1.32,95%CI 1.02~1.71)[19];美国一项荟萃分析结果发现,当血压水平处于[收缩压120~139 mmHg和(或)舒张压80~89 mmHg]时,发生肾损伤的风险增加19%,且收缩压和舒张压每升高10 mmHg,肾损伤的风险增加8%和12%[20]。上述研究结果提示无论是普通人群还是糖尿病人群,高血压1级均是发生CDK的危险因素。英国国家卫生和临床技术优化研究所(National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence,NICE)推荐糖尿病患者的目标血压值为<140/90 mmHg,如合并眼、肾、脑血管病时血压应控制在130/80 mmHg以下。从预防CKD的角度,笔者认为糖尿病患者的目标血压应该定在<130/80 mmHg,而不将并发眼、肾、脑血管病作为前提条件。
有研究发现,非透析CKD患者血压控制在<130/80 mmHg,可使患者发生Scr水平翻倍、肾小球滤过率下降50%的风险降低18%,而对于尿蛋白>300 mg/d患者,则可使肾脏功能受损的风险降低26%[21-22]。考虑到糖尿病患者为CKD的高危人群,高血压1级时eGFR下降的风险即开始增加,因此,本研究结果支持糖尿病患者血压为130/80 mmHg即应开始治疗,以保存肾小球滤过功能,防止发生肾小球结构性损伤。
本研究发现,虽然高血压1级时CKD的风险增加,但在校正服用降糖、降压药物后,CKD、eGFR下降、尿蛋白的风险分别由1.32、1.45、1.17降至1.29、1.40和1.15,提示血压在130/80 mmHg时,及时给予降糖、降压药物治疗有利于保护糖尿病患者的肾功能。此外,开滦研究人群对<40岁青年人群的分析发现,高血压1级时开始控制血压水平,则心脑血管疾病的风险由2.03降至0.86[23];一项来自韩国5年的随访研究发现,控制高血压1级患者的血压后,可将男性和女性患者的心血管风险由1.17和1.18降至1.03和1.02[24],因此,对于糖尿病和非糖尿病人群,血压控制在<130/80 mmHg均可以获益。
综上所述,本研究发现,对于糖尿病人群,当血压水平>130/80 mmHg时,CKD的发生风险升高,且导致eGFR下降的风险更大,因此,本研究结果支持将糖尿病患者的起始降压目标定为130/80 mmHg,这为糖尿病患者的血压控制提供了循证医学证据。但本研究仍然存在一定的局限性,包括研究人群主要以北方男性矿工为主、未对糖尿病进行分型、缺乏糖尿病病程及眼底情况检查结果等,可能会对结果造成一定影响。今后应更加全面地收集资料,考虑上述因素后进一步验证,以便更好地为临床提供循证医学证据。
参考文献 引证文献
排序方式:
[1]
GBD 2021 Diabetes Collaborators. Global, regional, and national burden of diabetes from 1990 to 2021, with projections of prevalence to 2050: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021[J]. Lancet, 2023, 402(10397): 203-234.
[2]
Xu G, Liu B, Sun Y, et al. Prevalence of diagnosed type 1 and type 2 diabetes among US adults in 2016 and 2017: population based study[J]. BMJ, 2018, 362: k1497.
[3]
中华医学会糖尿病学分会. 中国2型糖尿病防治指南(2020年版)[J]. 中华糖尿病杂志, 2021, 13(4): 315-409.
[4]
Anders HJ, Huber TB, Isermann B, et al. CKD in diabetes: diabetic kidney disease versus nondiabetic kidney disease[J]. Nat Rev Nephrol, 2018, 14(6): 361-377.
[5]
黄玉林, 马坤岭. 糖尿病肾病遗传调控机制研究进展[J]. 解放军医学杂志, 2023, 48(7): 856-862.
[6]
Yan D, Wang J, Jiang F, et al. Association between serum uric acid related genetic loci and diabetic kidney disease in the Chinese type 2 diabetes patients[J]. J Diabetes Complications, 2016, 30(5): 798-802.
[7]
Yang C, Gao B, Zhao X, et al. Executive summary for China kidney disease network (CK-NET) 2016 annual data report[J]. Kidney Int, 2020, 98(6): 1419-1423.
[8]
范春玲, 刘永哲. 腹腔镜下肾部分切除术后急性肾损伤的危险因素及其预测价值[J]. 解放军医学杂志, 2022, 47(5): 493-499.
[9]
Wu S, Huang Z, Yang X, et al. Prevalence of ideal cardiovascular health and its relationship with the 4-year cardiovascular events in a northern Chinese industrial city[J]. Circ Cardiovasc Qual Outcomes, 2012, 5(4): 487-493.
[10]
苏超, 张桂霞, 王瑞峰, 等. CKD-EPI方程估算中国慢性肾脏病患者肾小球滤过率的适用性评价[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2013, 17(7): 621-624.
[11]
刘倩, 韩旭, 马一涵, 等. 非高血压人群平均动脉压对动脉硬化进展的影响[J]. 中华高血压杂志, 2021, 29(8): 733-739.
[12]
Whelton PK, Carey RM, Aronow WS, et al. 2017 ACC/AHA/AAPA/ABC/ACPM/AGS/APhA/ASH/ASPC/NMA/PCNA guideline for the prevention, detection, evaluation, and management of high blood pressure in adults: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on clinical practice guidelines[J]. Hypertension, 2018, 71(6): e13-e115.
[13]
Hermans MM, Henry R, Dekker JM, et al. Estimated glomerular filtration rate and urinary albumin excretion are independently associated with greater arterial stiffness: the Hoorn Study[J]. J Am Soc Nephrol, 2007, 18(6): 1942-1952.
[14]
Wagnew F, Eshetie S, Dejenu Kibret G, et al. Diabetic nephropathy and hypertension in diabetes patients of sub-Saharan countries: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. BMC Res Notes, 2018, 11(1): 565.
[15]
Adler AI, Stratton IM, Neil HA, et al. Association of systolic blood pressure with macrovascular and microvascular complications of type 2 diabetes (UKPDS 36): prospective observational study[J]. BMJ, 2000, 321(7258): 412-419.
[16]
Patel A, ADVANCE Collaborative Group, MacMahon S, et al. Effects of a fixed combination of perindopril and indapamide on macrovascular and microvascular outcomes in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (the ADVANCE trial): a randomised controlled trial[J]. Lancet, 2007, 370(9590): 829-840.
[17]
ACCORD Study Group, Cushman WC, Evans GW, et al. Effects of intensive blood-pressure control in type 2 diabetes mellitus[J]. N Engl J Med, 2010, 362(17): 1575-1585.
[18]
Kanno A, Kikuya M, Ohkubo T, et al. Pre-hypertension as a significant predictor of chronic kidney disease in a general population: the Ohasama Study[J]. Nephrol Dial Transplant, 2012, 27(8): 3218-3223.
[19]
Wang HY, Meng Q, Yang C, et al. Association between pulse pressure, systolic blood pressure and the risk of rapid decline of kidney function among general population without hypertension: results from the China health and retirement longitudinal study (CHARLS)[J]. J Transl Med, 2021, 19(1): 512.
[20]
Garofalo C, Borrelli S, Pacilio M, et al. Hypertension and prehypertension and prediction of development of decreased estimated GFR in the general population: a Meta-analysis of cohort studies[J]. Am J Kidney Dis, 2016, 67(1): 89-97.
[21]
Lv J, Ehteshami P, Sarnak MJ, et al. Effects of intensive blood pressure lowering on the progression of chronic kidney disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis[J]. CMAJ, 2013, 185(11): 949-957.
[22]
Upadhyay A, Earley A, Haynes SM, et al. Systematic review: blood pressure target in chronic kidney disease and proteinuria as an effect modifier[J]. Ann Intern Med, 2011, 154(8): 541-548.
[23]
Wu S, Song Y, Chen S, et al. Blood pressure classification of 2017 associated with cardiovascular disease and mortality in young Chinese adults[J]. Hypertension, 2020, 76(1): 251-258.
[24]
Son JS, Choi S, Kim K, et al. Association of blood pressure classification in Korean young adults according to the 2017 American college of cardiology/American heart association guidelines with subsequent cardiovascular disease events[J]. JAMA, 2018, 320(17): 1783-1792.
2024年第49卷第6期
PDF下载
227
102
引用本文
BibTeX
文章信息
doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221
  • 接收时间:2023-06-07
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2024-06-28
补充材料
相关文章
文章信息
作者
出版历史
  • 收稿日期:2023-06-07
  • 录用日期:2023-10-13
基金
作者信息
    1唐山中心医院心内科,河北唐山 063000
    2唐山开滦总医院心内科,河北唐山 063000
    3唐山中心医院导管室,河北唐山 063000
    4唐山中心医院消化内科,河北唐山 063000
    5唐山中心医院内分泌科,河北唐山 063000

通讯作者:

张艳敏,E-mail:
参考文献
分享链接
https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/jfjyxzz/CN/10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0801.2023.1221
分享至
全文二维码

扫描看全文

引用本文
BibTeX
本文的引用情况
2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
关闭全屏