Article(id=1198558267317252530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198558265329152414, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0247.2023.0906, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1676304000000, receivedDateStr=2023-02-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1685376000000, acceptedDateStr=2023-05-30, onlineDate=1763688159063, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1722096000000, pubDateStr=2024-07-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763688159063, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763688159063, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763688159063, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198558265329152414, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2024', volume='49', issue='7', pageStart='733', pageEnd='854', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1763688158589, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763689196450, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198562618517581944, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198558265329152414, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198562618517581945, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198558265329152414, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=823, endPage=831, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198558268680401343, articleId=1198558267317252530, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Influences and mechanism of XIST on proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells in rats with intervertebral disc degeneration, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the influences and mechanism of X chromosome inactivation specific transcript (XIST) on the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells in rats with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Methods SD rat intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells were isolated and cultured in vitro, and then randomly divided cells into control group, model group, XIST knockdown group, empty plasmid group, and XIST knockdown+miR-132-3p knockdown group. Except for control group, the cells in other groups were induced by interleukin (IL)-1β to establish IDD models. After nucleus pulposus cells were grouped and treated, the expressions of XIST and miR-132-3p in the nucleus pulposus cells of rats were detected by qRT-PCR; the proliferation of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells was detected by MTS method and EdU staining; ELISA was used to measure the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 in the intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells; Immunoblotting was used to detect the expression of extracellular matrix labeled proteins Collagen Ⅱ and Aggrecan in rat nucleus pulposus cells. The targeted regulation of miR-132-3p by XIST in rat nucleus pulposus cells was detected by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. IDD rat models were established by intramuscular injection of IL-1β and divided into sham operation group, model group, XIST knockdown group, no-load plasmid group, XIST knockdown+miR-132-3p knockdown group, with 12 rats in each group. After treatment in each group, the expressions of XIST and miR-132-3p in intervertebral disc tissues were detected by qRT-PCR; TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral disc tissue of rats; the morphology of intervertebral disc cartilage was observed by saffron O staining; serum levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 were determined by ELISA; the expressions of Collagen Ⅱ and Aggrecan in intervertebral disc tissues were detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with control group (cells)/sham operation group (rats), XIST expression in intervertebral disc tissue and nucleus pulposus cells, apoptosis rate of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells, levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 in intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells culture medium and serum were increased in model group (P<0.05), the activity and proliferation rate of nucleus pulposus cells and the expressions of miR-132-3p, Collagen Ⅱ and Aggrecan protein in nucleus pulposus cells and intervertebral disc tissues decreased (P<0.05); compared with model group, the apoptosis rate of nucleus pulposus cells, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 in intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells culture medium and serum, and the expression of XIST in nucleus pulposus cells and intervertebral disc tissues of rats in XIST knockdown group decreased (P<0.05), the activity and proliferation rate of nucleus pulposus cells and the expressions of miR-132-3p, Collagen Ⅱ and Aggrecan protein in nucleus pulposus cells and intervertebral disc tissues increased (P<0.05). Down-regulation of miR-132-3p attenuates the ameliorative effect of knockdown XIST on IL-1β-induced intervertebral disc injury and cartilage matrix loss. XIST was able to target and down-regulate the expression of miR-132-3p in rat nucleus pulposus cells. Conclusion Knockdown of XIST can inhibit inflammation by up-regulating miR-132-3p, thereby inhibiting the apoptosis of IDD nucleus pulposus cells and promoting their proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis.

, correspAuthors=Jin-Peng Chen, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 探讨X染色体失活特异转录本(XIST)对椎间盘退变(IDD)大鼠髓核细胞增殖及细胞外基质合成的影响及其机制。方法 体外分离培养SD大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞,随机分为对照组、模型组、XIST敲低组、空载质粒组、XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组,除对照组外其余各组细胞以白细胞介素(IL)-1β诱导建立IDD细胞模型。分别处理各组椎间盘髓核细胞后,采用qRT-PCR检测大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞中XIST、miR-132-3p的表达;MTS法和EdU染色检测大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞增殖能力;ELISA测定椎间盘髓核细胞培养液中IL-6、IL-18水平;Western blotting检测大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞细胞外基质标志蛋白Ⅱ型胶原(Collagen Ⅱ)、蛋白聚糖(Aggrecan)的表达;双荧光素酶报告基因实验检测大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞中XIST对miR-132-3p的靶向调控。采用椎间盘内注射IL-1β诱导建立IDD大鼠模型,分为假手术组、模型组、XIST敲低组、空载质粒组、XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组,每组12只。分别处理各组大鼠后,采用qRT-PCR检测大鼠椎间盘组织中XIST、miR-132-3p的表达;TUNEL染色检测大鼠椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡情况;番红O染色观察大鼠椎间盘软骨组织形态;ELISA测定大鼠血清炎性因子IL-6、IL-18水平;Western blotting检测大鼠椎间盘组织中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan的表达。结果 与对照组(细胞)/假手术组(大鼠)相比,模型组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中XIST表达,椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡率,以及椎间盘髓核细胞培养液和血清中IL-6、IL-18水平升高(P<0.05),髓核细胞活力、增殖率,以及髓核细胞和椎间盘组织中miR-132-3p、Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白表达降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,XIST敲低组大鼠椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡率,椎间盘髓核细胞培养液和血清中IL-6、IL-18水平,以及髓核细胞和椎间盘组织中XIST的表达降低(P<0.05),髓核细胞活力、增殖率,以及髓核细胞和椎间盘组织中miR-132-3p、Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);下调miR-132-3p可减弱敲低XIST对IL-1β诱导的椎间盘损伤和软骨基质流失的改善作用。XIST可靶向下调大鼠髓核细胞中miR-132-3p的表达。结论 敲低XIST可能通过上调miR-132-3p而抑制炎症,从而抑制IDD髓核细胞凋亡,促进其增殖及细胞外基质合成。

, correspAuthors=陈金鹏, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
陈金鹏,E-mail:
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吴高臣,副主任医师,主要从事创伤骨科、脊柱外科疾病方面的研究

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吴高臣,副主任医师,主要从事创伤骨科、脊柱外科疾病方面的研究

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吴高臣,副主任医师,主要从事创伤骨科、脊柱外科疾病方面的研究

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A. 大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞中XIST、miR-132-3p相对表达水平;B. 大鼠椎间盘组织中XIST、miR-132-3p相对表达水平;与对照组/假手术组相比,(1)P<0.05;与模型组相比,(2)P<0.05;与XIST敲低组相比,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=AOfu8Do2gkdjM9rJ5Hd7/A==, figureFileBig=aOM6SwEpRnM7qHhh0xGzYw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589373693391638, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Cell activity and proliferation rate of nucleus pulposus cells of rats in each group, figureFileSmall=f2ILOcRLT+mr/+a1+2foyA==, figureFileBig=sj9j5wA06TR0CqP/gA6ODA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589373773083418, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=CN, label=图2, caption=各组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞活力及增殖率

A. MTS法检测各组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞活力;B. EdU染色检测各组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞增殖率(×200);与对照组相比,(1)P<0.05;与模型组相比,(2)P<0.05;与XIST敲低组相比,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=f2ILOcRLT+mr/+a1+2foyA==, figureFileBig=sj9j5wA06TR0CqP/gA6ODA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589373877941021, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=The apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral disc and the morphology of intervertebral disc cartilage of rats in each group, figureFileSmall=V2HdDu+2nFONTVhvY+5jnw==, figureFileBig=tHpM1Bh+Ur28GT0jS75+2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589373957632802, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=CN, label=图3, caption=各组大鼠椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡情况及软骨组织形态

A. TUNEL染色检测大鼠椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡情况(×200);B. 番红O染色检测大鼠椎间盘软骨组织形态(×200);与假手术组相比,(1)P<0.05;与模型组相比,(2)P<0.05;与XIST敲低组相比,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=V2HdDu+2nFONTVhvY+5jnw==, figureFileBig=tHpM1Bh+Ur28GT0jS75+2A==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589374075073318, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=The levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 in intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cell culture medium and serum in each group of rats (ELISA), figureFileSmall=U4QoINlH9FMhKaS/ym+/nw==, figureFileBig=flVE6P/5M//sVzs7g9UcHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589374154765099, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=CN, label=图4, caption=各组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞培养液及血清中IL-6、IL-18水平(ELISA)

A. 大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞培养液中IL-6、IL-18水平;B. 大鼠血清中IL-6、IL-18水平;与对照组/假手术组相比,(1)P<0.05;与模型组相比,(2)P<0.05;与XIST敲低组相比,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=U4QoINlH9FMhKaS/ym+/nw==, figureFileBig=flVE6P/5M//sVzs7g9UcHg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589374255428398, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=The protein expressions of Collagen II and Aggrecan in nucleus pulposus cells of rat intervertebral disc were detected by Western blotting, figureFileSmall=8j0BVp7AJdJLfqvy0GxdRw==, figureFileBig=VorRE5E1oncMYLi1ZeIpEQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589374364480305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=CN, label=图5, caption=Western blotting检测大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白的表达

A. 大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白的表达;B. 大鼠椎间盘组织中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白的表达;与对照组相比,(1)P<0.05;与模型组相比,(2)P<0.05;与XIST敲低组相比,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=8j0BVp7AJdJLfqvy0GxdRw==, figureFileBig=VorRE5E1oncMYLi1ZeIpEQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589374444172083, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=XIST targeted regulation of miR-132-3p expression, figureFileSmall=vbEOmRBffiub17eUKJHsxQ==, figureFileBig=gGWZmWbDNYN0/8q0AXpyeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589374528058166, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=CN, label=图6, caption=XIST靶向调控miR-132-3p的表达

A. starBase数据库预测XIST与miR-132-3p之间的结合位点;B. 各组大鼠髓核细胞荧光素酶相对活性;与XIST-WT+miR-NC组比较,(1)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=vbEOmRBffiub17eUKJHsxQ==, figureFileBig=gGWZmWbDNYN0/8q0AXpyeQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198589374628721465, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Primer sequences of qRT-PCR

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列(5'-3')
miR-132-3p正向:GGACGGTAGCAAGCAAAGAGTGTG
反向:GGGATTCTGGAAGATGATGATGAC
U6正向:CTCGCTTCGGCAGCACA
反向:AACGCTTCACGAATTTGCGT
XIST正向:AGGGTGTGTGTGCATATGGA
反向:CCGCCATCTTTTCCTGTACG
β‑actin正向:GCCGTTCCGAAAGTTGCCT
反向:ATCATCCATGGTGAGCTGGCG
), ArticleFig(id=1198589374767133500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558267317252530, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

qRT-PCR引物序列

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
基因引物序列(5'-3')
miR-132-3p正向:GGACGGTAGCAAGCAAAGAGTGTG
反向:GGGATTCTGGAAGATGATGATGAC
U6正向:CTCGCTTCGGCAGCACA
反向:AACGCTTCACGAATTTGCGT
XIST正向:AGGGTGTGTGTGCATATGGA
反向:CCGCCATCTTTTCCTGTACG
β‑actin正向:GCCGTTCCGAAAGTTGCCT
反向:ATCATCCATGGTGAGCTGGCG
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XIST对椎间盘退变大鼠髓核细胞增殖及细胞外基质合成的影响及其机制
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吴高臣 , 陈金鹏 * , 孟凡剑 , 王璐璐 , 缪一奇
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2024,49(7): 823-831
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2024, 49(7): 823-831
XIST对椎间盘退变大鼠髓核细胞增殖及细胞外基质合成的影响及其机制
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吴高臣, 陈金鹏* , 孟凡剑, 王璐璐, 缪一奇
作者信息
  • 苏州市中西医结合医院骨外科,江苏苏州 215101
  • 吴高臣,副主任医师,主要从事创伤骨科、脊柱外科疾病方面的研究

通讯作者:

陈金鹏,E-mail:
Influences and mechanism of XIST on proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells in rats with intervertebral disc degeneration
Gao-Chen Wu, Jin-Peng Chen* , Fan-Jian Meng, Lu-Lu Wang, Yi-Qi Miao
Affiliations
  • Department of Orthopaedics, Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215101, China
出版时间: 2024-07-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0247.2023.0906
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目的 探讨X染色体失活特异转录本(XIST)对椎间盘退变(IDD)大鼠髓核细胞增殖及细胞外基质合成的影响及其机制。方法 体外分离培养SD大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞,随机分为对照组、模型组、XIST敲低组、空载质粒组、XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组,除对照组外其余各组细胞以白细胞介素(IL)-1β诱导建立IDD细胞模型。分别处理各组椎间盘髓核细胞后,采用qRT-PCR检测大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞中XIST、miR-132-3p的表达;MTS法和EdU染色检测大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞增殖能力;ELISA测定椎间盘髓核细胞培养液中IL-6、IL-18水平;Western blotting检测大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞细胞外基质标志蛋白Ⅱ型胶原(Collagen Ⅱ)、蛋白聚糖(Aggrecan)的表达;双荧光素酶报告基因实验检测大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞中XIST对miR-132-3p的靶向调控。采用椎间盘内注射IL-1β诱导建立IDD大鼠模型,分为假手术组、模型组、XIST敲低组、空载质粒组、XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组,每组12只。分别处理各组大鼠后,采用qRT-PCR检测大鼠椎间盘组织中XIST、miR-132-3p的表达;TUNEL染色检测大鼠椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡情况;番红O染色观察大鼠椎间盘软骨组织形态;ELISA测定大鼠血清炎性因子IL-6、IL-18水平;Western blotting检测大鼠椎间盘组织中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan的表达。结果 与对照组(细胞)/假手术组(大鼠)相比,模型组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中XIST表达,椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡率,以及椎间盘髓核细胞培养液和血清中IL-6、IL-18水平升高(P<0.05),髓核细胞活力、增殖率,以及髓核细胞和椎间盘组织中miR-132-3p、Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白表达降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,XIST敲低组大鼠椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡率,椎间盘髓核细胞培养液和血清中IL-6、IL-18水平,以及髓核细胞和椎间盘组织中XIST的表达降低(P<0.05),髓核细胞活力、增殖率,以及髓核细胞和椎间盘组织中miR-132-3p、Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白表达升高(P<0.05);下调miR-132-3p可减弱敲低XIST对IL-1β诱导的椎间盘损伤和软骨基质流失的改善作用。XIST可靶向下调大鼠髓核细胞中miR-132-3p的表达。结论 敲低XIST可能通过上调miR-132-3p而抑制炎症,从而抑制IDD髓核细胞凋亡,促进其增殖及细胞外基质合成。

XIST  /  miR-132-3p  /  椎间盘退变  /  髓核细胞  /  增殖  /  细胞外基质合成

Objective To investigate the influences and mechanism of X chromosome inactivation specific transcript (XIST) on the proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells in rats with intervertebral disc degeneration (IDD). Methods SD rat intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells were isolated and cultured in vitro, and then randomly divided cells into control group, model group, XIST knockdown group, empty plasmid group, and XIST knockdown+miR-132-3p knockdown group. Except for control group, the cells in other groups were induced by interleukin (IL)-1β to establish IDD models. After nucleus pulposus cells were grouped and treated, the expressions of XIST and miR-132-3p in the nucleus pulposus cells of rats were detected by qRT-PCR; the proliferation of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells was detected by MTS method and EdU staining; ELISA was used to measure the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 in the intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells; Immunoblotting was used to detect the expression of extracellular matrix labeled proteins Collagen Ⅱ and Aggrecan in rat nucleus pulposus cells. The targeted regulation of miR-132-3p by XIST in rat nucleus pulposus cells was detected by dual-luciferase reporter gene assay. IDD rat models were established by intramuscular injection of IL-1β and divided into sham operation group, model group, XIST knockdown group, no-load plasmid group, XIST knockdown+miR-132-3p knockdown group, with 12 rats in each group. After treatment in each group, the expressions of XIST and miR-132-3p in intervertebral disc tissues were detected by qRT-PCR; TUNEL staining was used to detect apoptosis of nucleus pulposus cells in intervertebral disc tissue of rats; the morphology of intervertebral disc cartilage was observed by saffron O staining; serum levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 were determined by ELISA; the expressions of Collagen Ⅱ and Aggrecan in intervertebral disc tissues were detected by Western blotting. Results Compared with control group (cells)/sham operation group (rats), XIST expression in intervertebral disc tissue and nucleus pulposus cells, apoptosis rate of intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells, levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 in intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells culture medium and serum were increased in model group (P<0.05), the activity and proliferation rate of nucleus pulposus cells and the expressions of miR-132-3p, Collagen Ⅱ and Aggrecan protein in nucleus pulposus cells and intervertebral disc tissues decreased (P<0.05); compared with model group, the apoptosis rate of nucleus pulposus cells, the levels of inflammatory factors IL-6 and IL-18 in intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus cells culture medium and serum, and the expression of XIST in nucleus pulposus cells and intervertebral disc tissues of rats in XIST knockdown group decreased (P<0.05), the activity and proliferation rate of nucleus pulposus cells and the expressions of miR-132-3p, Collagen Ⅱ and Aggrecan protein in nucleus pulposus cells and intervertebral disc tissues increased (P<0.05). Down-regulation of miR-132-3p attenuates the ameliorative effect of knockdown XIST on IL-1β-induced intervertebral disc injury and cartilage matrix loss. XIST was able to target and down-regulate the expression of miR-132-3p in rat nucleus pulposus cells. Conclusion Knockdown of XIST can inhibit inflammation by up-regulating miR-132-3p, thereby inhibiting the apoptosis of IDD nucleus pulposus cells and promoting their proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis.

XIST  /  miR-132-3p  /  intervertebral disc degeneration  /  nucleus pulposus cells  /  proliferation  /  extracellular matrix synthesis
吴高臣, 陈金鹏, 孟凡剑, 王璐璐, 缪一奇. XIST对椎间盘退变大鼠髓核细胞增殖及细胞外基质合成的影响及其机制. 解放军医学杂志, 2024 , 49 (7) : 823 -831 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0247.2023.0906
Gao-Chen Wu, Jin-Peng Chen, Fan-Jian Meng, Lu-Lu Wang, Yi-Qi Miao. Influences and mechanism of XIST on proliferation and extracellular matrix synthesis of nucleus pulposus cells in rats with intervertebral disc degeneration[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2024 , 49 (7) : 823 -831 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0247.2023.0906
椎间盘退变(intervertebral disc degeneration,IDD)是常见的退行性脊柱疾病,可引起退变性腰椎管狭窄、腰椎不稳、腰椎间盘突出等临床综合征,是导致腰痛和下肢神经根性疼痛的主要原因,给患者生活、工作造成很大不便[1-2]。椎间盘髓核细胞活性降低、凋亡及细胞外基质合成减少是IDD的主要病理基础,炎症是造成上述病理改变的关键因素,抗炎治疗是缓解IDD髓核细胞损伤及其结构破坏的有效策略[3-4]。X染色体失活特异转录本(X chromosome inactivation specific transcript,XIST)是一种长链非编码RNA,可调控炎症及细胞生长、凋亡过程,敲除XIST可在体内外减轻缺血再灌注诱导的炎症反应而促进神经元增殖,减轻神经元炎症损伤[5]。研究显示,XIST可通过调控髓核细胞存活及其细胞外基质降解而介导IDD发病过程,沉默XIST可抑制白细胞介素(interleukin,IL)-1β刺激的髓核细胞凋亡和细胞外基质降解[6-7],提示XIST可作为IDD的潜在治疗靶点。XIST作为分子海绵可调控微小RNA的表达,参与炎性疾病的发生发展。miR-132-3p是XIST下游靶点中与炎症密切相关的miRNA,据报道,XIST可通过靶向下调miR-132-3p的表达促使脂多糖诱导的急性肺损伤病情进展[8];另有研究显示,miR-132-3p在脓毒症、急性胰腺炎等炎性疾病中表达下调,其过表达可降低IL-6、IL-1β等炎性细胞因子的表达,抑制全身炎症,减轻急性胰腺炎患者的胰腺导管损伤[9-10]。由此推测,XIST亦可能通过调控miR-132-3p影响IDD髓核细胞增殖及其细胞外基质合成。本研究构建IDD大鼠及细胞模型,探讨XIST对IDD髓核细胞增殖及其细胞外基质合成的影响及相关机制。
XIST小分子干扰RNA(XIST siRNA)质粒和空载质粒,miR-132-3p inhibitor、miR-132-3p mimic及其阴性对照,以及XIST-野生型(WT)和XIST-突变型(MUT)报告质粒购自广州锐博生物科技有限公司;MTS细胞增殖与毒性检测试剂盒(BB-4204-2)购自上海贝博生物科技有限公司;EdU细胞增殖检测试剂盒(CA1170)、番红O法软骨染色液(G2540)、大鼠IL-18酶联免疫吸附测定(enzyme linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)试剂盒(SEKR-0054)、BCA蛋白浓度测定试剂盒(PC0020)购自北京索莱宝科技有限公司;LipofectamineTM 2000(11668030)购自美国Thermo Fisher Scientific公司;TUNEL细胞凋亡检测试剂盒(E607172)、总RNA提取试剂Trizol(B511311-0100)、双荧光素酶报告基因检测试剂盒(E608001)、大鼠IL-6 ELISA试剂盒(D731010)、一步法反转录荧光定量试剂盒(B639277-0100)购自上海生工生物工程股份有限公司;重组大鼠IL-1β蛋白(ab281807)、小鼠源抗大鼠蛋白聚糖(Aggrecan)一抗(ab3773)、兔源抗大鼠GAPDH一抗(ab181602)、兔源抗大鼠Ⅱ型胶原(Collagen Ⅱ)一抗(ab239007)、HRP偶联山羊抗小鼠IgG二抗(ab205719)、HRP偶联山羊抗兔IgG二抗(ab205718)购自英国Abcam公司。SLAN-96P实时荧光定量PCR仪购自上海宏石医疗科技有限公司;FlexA-200全波长酶标仪购自杭州奥盛仪器有限公司;XD30倒置荧光显微镜购自宁波舜宇仪器有限公司;DMS1000显微镜及显微拍摄系统购自德国Leica公司;HM525冷冻切片机购自北京斯沃德仪器设备有限公司;SQ-189迷你双垂直转印电泳槽、DYY-8稳压稳流电泳仪电源、SQ-188迷你双垂直电泳槽购自上海琪特分析仪器有限公司。
63只SPF级SD雄性大鼠,体重190~220 g,6~7周龄,由中国科学院上海药物研究所提供[实验动物生产许可证号:SCXK(沪)2020-0005],动物饲养严格遵照《实验动物管理条例》的要求,操作符合3R原则。本研究经苏州市中西医结合医院动物伦理委员会审核批准(20220506)。
以乙醚麻醉3只SD大鼠后断头处死,解剖定位并暴露腰椎,无菌条件下取出白色椎间盘,分离髓核组织并剪碎,加入0.2% Ⅱ型胶原酶,混匀后于37 ℃消化1 h,过200目滤网,1500 r/min离心5 min获得细胞沉淀,以含10%胎牛血清及双抗的DMEM培养基混匀,计数后以1×105个/ml密度接种于25 mm2培养瓶中培养。传代2次后细胞呈多边形或三角形的“铺路石”样生长,番红O染色后呈棕红色,表明大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞体外分离培养成功。
取第3代大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞随机分为对照组、模型组、XIST敲低组、空载质粒组、XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组。造模前以质粒分组转染:XIST敲低组转染XIST siRNA质粒(采用LipofectamineTM 2000将50 nmol/L XIST siRNA转染细胞,转染6 h后弃上清液,更换正常培养液,并继续培养24 h);空载质粒组转染空载质粒(采用LipofectamineTM 2000将50 nmol/L空载质粒转染细胞,转染6 h后弃上清液,更换正常培养液,并继续培养24 h);XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组转染XIST siRNA质粒和miR-132-3p inhibitor(采用LipofectamineTM 2000将50 nmol/L XIST siRNA和miR-132-3p inhibitor转染细胞,转染6 h后弃上清液,更换正常培养液,并继续培养24 h);对照组、模型组细胞不做任何处理。24 h后,除对照组外,其余各组细胞以10 ng/ml IL-1β处理诱导建立IDD模型[7],随后采集各组椎间盘髓核细胞及其培养液。
取SD大鼠于腹腔内注射2%戊巴比妥钠溶液,剂量为45 mg/kg,深度麻醉后以仰卧位固定在操作板上,腹部脱毛消毒后于正中切开,暴露腰椎,定位L3~4、L4~5、L5~6椎体间椎间盘,向其中注入10 μmol/L IL-1β溶液2 μl,缝合后消毒,继续饲养6周即完成造模[11]。造模完成后,将大鼠随机分为模型组、XIST敲低组、空载质粒组、XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组,每组12只,另取12只SD大鼠以同样方法向椎间盘内注射等量生理盐水,作为假手术组。
XIST敲低组大鼠尾静脉注射XIST siRNA质粒200 nmol/L;空载质粒组大鼠尾静脉注射空载质粒200 nmol/L;XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组大鼠尾静脉注射XIST siRNA质粒和miR-132-3p inhibitor质粒各200 nmol/L;假手术组和模型组大鼠尾静脉注射等量生理盐水;尾静脉注射剂量为10 ml/kg,各组大鼠均每周注射2次,共干预处理3周。
3周干预处理结束后24 h,以乙醚麻醉各组大鼠,采集颈动脉血,1500 r/min离心5 min获得血清,于-80 ℃保存备用;断头处死各组大鼠剥离椎间盘组织,每只大鼠剪下0.4 g于液氮中备存,再次剪下0.4 g以高效RIPA裂解液提取椎间盘组织总蛋白,以BCA法测定浓度后于-80 ℃保存备用;每只大鼠剩余椎间盘组织清洗、包埋后采用液氮速冻成块,固定在冷冻切片机中切成厚约5 μm的连续切片备用。
取大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织,分别以Trizol法提取总RNA,测定浓度后,采用一步法反转录荧光定量试剂盒进行qRT-PCR反应,以β‑actin作为XIST的内参照,U6作为miR-132-3p的内参照,以2-ΔΔCt法分析各组XIST、miR-132-3p表达水平,引物序列如表1所示。
取第3代大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞以1×104个/孔的密度接种于无菌96孔细胞培养板中培养24 h,按照1.3分组后转染处理24 h,采用MTS细胞增殖与毒性检测试剂盒检测各组细胞活力。细胞活力(%)=实验组吸光度/对照组吸光度×100%。
取第3代大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞以1×105个/孔的密度接种于无菌24孔细胞培养板中培养24 h,按照1.3分组后转染处理24 h,加入适量EdU试剂,参照EdU细胞增殖检测试剂盒说明书检测各组细胞增殖情况,在倒置荧光显微镜下观察EdU染色情况,采集图像并计数,计算各组细胞增殖率。细胞增殖率(%)=EdU阳性细胞数/总细胞数×100%。
取大鼠椎间盘组织切片,复温后固定,每只大鼠各取6张切片,分别采用TUNEL细胞凋亡检测试剂盒、番红O法软骨染色液进行TUNEL或番红O染色(各染3张),洗涤后封片,于光学显微镜下观察切片染色情况,采集图像并用ImageJ软件分析定量TUNEL染色细胞数,计算各组细胞凋亡率。细胞凋亡率(%)=凋亡细胞数/总细胞数×100%。
(1)取各组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞培养基,1500 r/min离心5 min获得上清;(2)取各组大鼠血清于4 ℃冰箱解冻;(3)采用ELISA试剂盒分别测定大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞培养液上清及血清中IL-6、IL-18水平。
取1.3中各组椎间盘髓核细胞以高效RIPA裂解液提取总蛋白,采用BCA法测定总浓度,同时取1.4中各组大鼠椎间盘组织蛋白样品液于4 ℃冰箱缓慢解冻,取20 µg总蛋白变性后行十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳,并湿转至硝酸纤维膜上,加入一抗Collagen Ⅱ(1:1000)、Aggrecan(1:1000)、GAPDH(1:2000) 4 ℃下孵育过夜,洗去一抗;加入山羊抗兔IgG二抗(1:2000)室温孵育1 h,以化学发光法对各蛋白条带显色后采集图像,以ImageJ软件分析定量其灰度值,以GAPDH为内参,计算目的蛋白相对表达量。
采用在线生物信息学网站(starBase数据库)分析XIST与miR-132-3p之间的结合位点。
取第3代大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞以1×105个/孔的密度接种于无菌24孔细胞培养板中,培养24 h,随机分为XIST-野生型(WT)+miR-NC组(转染XIST-WT报告质粒+miR-NC)、XIST-WT+miR-132-3p mimic组(转染XIST-WT报告质粒+miR-132-3p mimic)与XIST-突变型(MUT)+miR-NC组(转染XIST-MUT报告质粒+miR-NC)、XIST-MUT+miR-132-3p mimic组(转染XIST-MUT报告质粒+miR-132-3p mimic),转染24 h后收集各组细胞,以双荧光素酶报告基因检测试剂盒检测双荧光素酶相对活性。
采用SPSS 26.0软件进行统计分析。实验数据以$\bar{x}±s$表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用SNK-q检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
qRT-PCR检测结果显示,与对照组(细胞)/假手术组(大鼠)相比,模型组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中XIST相对表达水平升高(P<0.05),miR-132-3p相对表达水平降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,XIST敲低组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中XIST相对表达水平降低(P<0.05),miR-132-3p相对表达水平升高(P<0.05),空载质粒组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中XIST、miR-132-3p表达差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与XIST敲低组相比,XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中XIST相对表达水平升高(P<0.05),miR-132-3p相对表达水平降低(P<0.05)(图1)。
MTS法和EdU染色结果显示,与对照组相比,模型组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞活力及增殖率降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,XIST敲低组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞活力及增殖率增高(P<0.05),空载质粒组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞活力及增殖率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与XIST敲低组相比,XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞活力及增殖率降低(P<0.05)(图2)。
TUNEL染色和番红O染色结果显示,假手术组大鼠椎间盘软骨组织形态正常无损。与假手术组相比,模型组大鼠椎间盘组织形态严重受损,软骨基质大量流失,髓核细胞凋亡率增高(P<0.05)。与模型组相比,XIST敲低组大鼠椎间盘组织形态损伤及软骨基质流失减轻,髓核细胞凋亡率降低(P<0.05),空载质粒组大鼠椎间盘组织形态损伤及软骨基质流失没有明显变化,髓核细胞凋亡率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与XIST敲低组相比,XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组大鼠椎间盘组织形态损伤及软骨基质流失加重,髓核细胞凋亡率升高(P<0.05) (图3)。
ELISA法检测结果显示,与对照组(细胞)/假手术组(大鼠)相比,模型组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞培养液及血清中IL-6、IL-18水平升高(P<0.05);与模型组相比,XIST敲低组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞培养液及血清中IL-6、IL-18水平降低(P<0.05),空载质粒组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞培养液及血清中IL-6、IL-18水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与XIST敲低组相比,XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞培养液及血清中IL-6、IL-18水平升高(P<0.05,图4)。
Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组(细胞)/假手术组(大鼠)相比,模型组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05);与模型组相比,XIST敲低组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05),空载质粒组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白表达水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05);与XIST敲低组相比,XIST敲低+miR-132-3p敲低组大鼠椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05,图5)。
starBase数据库分析结果显示,XIST与miR-132-3p之间有结合位点(图6A)。
与XIST-WT+miR-NC组比较,XIST-WT+miR-132-3p mimic组荧光素酶相对活性降低(P<0.05);XIST-MUT+miR-NC组与XIST-MUT+miR-132-3p mimic组荧光素酶相对活性差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(图6B)。
流行病学调查显示,绝大部分人一生中会在某个时期发生腰椎疼痛,IDD是其主要病因,近年来,IDD发病率逐年增高,且呈年轻化趋势,给公共卫生带来了巨大挑战。目前IDD的治疗方案除了脊柱融合术和镇痛外,尚无其他有效疗法,因此探寻新型治疗方法是临床亟需解决的问题[12-13]。本研究以IL-1β诱导建立IDD模型,结果显示,造模后大鼠血清及椎间盘髓核细胞培养液中炎性因子IL-6、IL-18水平升高,引发炎症,造成大鼠椎间盘组织形态严重受损,软骨基质大量流失,髓核细胞凋亡增多,体外培养的髓核细胞活力及增殖率降低,且椎间盘髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中细胞外基质标志蛋白Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan表达水平降低,表明IL-1β可诱发严重炎症,损害髓核细胞增殖及细胞外基质合成的能力,造成大鼠椎间盘组织软骨基质大量流失,结构受损,提示IDD大鼠及细胞模型构建成功。
炎症是IDD的主要致病因素,可导致椎间盘髓核细胞变性死亡及细胞外基质降解,造成椎间盘功能障碍和结构破坏,抑制炎症可有效延缓IDD的进展[3-4,14-15]。XIST是重要的炎症调控因子,作为一种长链非编码RNA在细胞炎症损伤过程中高表达,下调XIST的表达可抑制高糖诱导的炎性因子TNF-α、IL-6的释放,减轻炎症导致的肾小管上皮细胞凋亡[16]。有研究显示,XIST在IDD患者中高表达,降低其表达可增强椎间盘髓核细胞生存和增殖的能力[17],减弱IL-1β诱导的髓核细胞变性和细胞外基质降解[7]。本研究结果显示,以XIST siRNA质粒敲低IDD大鼠及细胞中XIST的表达,可减轻大鼠椎间盘组织形态损伤及软骨基质流失,降低椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡率、椎间盘髓核细胞培养液及血清中炎性因子IL-6、IL-18水平,升高髓核细胞活力和增殖率,以及髓核细胞及椎间盘组织中miR-132-3p及Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白的表达,表明敲低XIST可降低IL-1β诱导的炎性因子IL-6、IL-18的表达释放,减轻炎症,增强IDD髓核细胞的增殖及细胞外基质的合成,与既往研究结果相似[6-7],提示靶向XIST具有很好的IDD治疗潜力。
miR-132-3p作为一种重要炎症调节因子,与急性胰腺炎、脓毒症等炎性疾病的发生发展关系密切,上调其表达可减少炎性因子的产生,抑制脓毒症引发的全身炎症;可减轻脂多糖诱导的小鼠肺上皮细胞炎症损伤,促使其存活增殖[9-10,18];还可通过阻止炎症进展抑制脓毒症小鼠肾细胞凋亡[19]。研究显示,XIST可作为分子海绵调控miR-132-3p的表达,两者之间可相互抑制对方表达,参与大肠癌和急性肺损伤的发生发展过程[8,20],由此推测,促进miR-132-3p表达可能是敲低XIST增强IDD髓核细胞增殖及其细胞外基质合成的分子机制。本研究结果显示,相较假手术组大鼠及对照组髓核细胞,miR-132-3p在IDD大鼠及细胞模型中低表达,以XIST siRNA质粒敲低IDD大鼠及细胞模型中XIST的表达,可升高miR-132-3p的表达,表明miR-132-3p参与介导敲低XIST对IDD髓核细胞增殖及其细胞外基质合成的增强过程;以XIST siRNA质粒和miR-132-3p inhibitor质粒联合处理IDD大鼠及细胞模型,相较XIST siRNA质粒单独处理,可加重大鼠椎间盘组织形态损伤及软骨基质流失,增高椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡率,升高椎间盘髓核细胞培养液及血清中炎性因子IL-6、IL-18水平,降低髓核细胞活力和增殖率,以及髓核细胞和椎间盘组织中Collagen Ⅱ、Aggrecan蛋白的表达,表明下调miR-132-3p的表达可减弱敲低XIST对IDD大鼠及细胞模型炎症的抑制作用,拮抗其抗凋亡作用,逆转其对IDD髓核细胞增殖及其细胞外基质合成的促进作用;此外,双荧光素酶报告基因实验结果显示XIST能靶向下调大鼠髓核细胞中miR-132-3p的表达,提示敲低XIST可通过增强miR-132-3p的表达而促进IDD髓核细胞增殖及其细胞外基质合成。
综上所述,本研究结果显示,敲低XIST可降低炎性因子表达,从而抑制炎症,促进IDD髓核细胞增殖及细胞外基质合成,减轻IDD大鼠椎间盘组织髓核细胞凋亡及软骨基质流失,该作用可能是通过上调miR-132-3p而实现的。以上结论有助于深入阐释IDD的发病机制,并提供新的候选治疗靶点,为新型治疗手段的开发提供理论依据。但由于IDD的发病机制复杂,XIST仅是影响IDD进展的因素之一,且XIST可靶向调控下游多种miRNA的表达,XIST参与IDD进展的具体机制仍需进一步的研究验证。
  • 苏州中西医结合医院科技项目(YJ2022026)
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0247.2023.0906
  • 接收时间:2023-02-14
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2024-07-28
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  • 收稿日期:2023-02-14
  • 录用日期:2023-05-30
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Technology Project of Suzhou Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine(YJ2022026)
苏州中西医结合医院科技项目(YJ2022026)
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    苏州市中西医结合医院骨外科,江苏苏州 215101

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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