Article(id=1198558108634149206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198558106218230069, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0384.2023.1229, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1678723200000, receivedDateStr=2023-03-14, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1692547200000, acceptedDateStr=2023-08-21, onlineDate=1763688121230, onlineDateStr=2025-11-21, pubDate=1727452800000, pubDateStr=2024-09-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763688121230, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-21, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763688121230, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763688121230, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198558106218230069, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2024', volume='49', issue='9', pageStart='977', pageEnd='1098', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1763688120655, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763689155065, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198562444915339352, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198558106218230069, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198562444915339353, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198558106218230069, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1018, endPage=1021, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198558109418484093, articleId=1198558108634149206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Clinical efficacy of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy for cancer, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy and esophagogastric anastomosis to provide a new surgical method for the treatment of early proximal gastric cancer. Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with early gastric cancer who underwent proximal gastrectomy in the Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different surgical methods, the patients were divided into two groups: a total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy group (n=36) and a laparoscopic-assisted proximal gastrectomy group (n=44). The perioperative conditions, long-term complications, and survival status were compared between the two groups. Results The length of surgical incision [(59.9±4.7) mm vs. (119.7±8.3) mm, P<0.001], first exhaust time [(58.2±15.3) h vs. (66.8±16.4) h, P=0.019] and postoperative hospital stay [(7.6±1.1) d vs. (9.2±1.3) d, P<0.001] of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy group were significantly shorter than those of laparoscope-assisted proximal gastrectomy group. The duration of operation [(186.9±16.4) min vs. (154.0±17.2) min, P<0.001] of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy group was significantly longer than that of laparoscopic-assisted proximal gastrectomy group. There were no significant differences in intra-operative hemorrhage, number of lymph nodedissection and first liquid diet feeding time between the two groups (P>0.05), and no early complications requiring surgical intervention occurred. The incidence of reflux esophagitis in the total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy group was less than that in laparoscope-assisted proximal gastrectomy group [16.7%(6/36) vs. 38.6%(17/44), P=0.031]. There was no significant difference in gastric motility, residual gastritis, anastomosis stenosis and anastomotic ulcer between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy and esophagogastric anastomosis have the characteristics of good safety, rapid postoperative recovery and anti-reflux, being worthy of clinical popularization.

, correspAuthors=Song-Yan Li, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 分析完全腹腔镜近端胃切除食管残胃吻合的临床疗效,为治疗早期近端胃癌提供新的手术方法。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月-2021年6月于解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部行近端胃切除术的80例早期胃癌患者的临床资料。根据手术方式不同分为完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)与腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)。比较两组围手术期情况、远期并发症发生情况及生存状况。结果 完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组腹部切口长度[(59.9±4.7) mm vs. (119.7±8.3) mm,P<0.001]、首次排气时间[(58.2±15.3) h vs.(66.8±16.4) h,P=0.019]及术后住院时间[(7.6±1.1) d vs. (9.2±1.3) d,P<0.001]均短于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,手术时间[(186.9±16.4) min vs. (154.0±17.2) min,P<0.001]长于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组。两组术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目和首次进流食时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且均未发生需外科干预的早期并发症。随访期间两组无患者死亡,未出现复发或转移。完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组反流性食管炎发生率低于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,差异有统计学意义[16.7%(6/36) vs. 38.6%(17/44),P=0.031]。两组胃动力不足、残胃炎、吻合口狭窄、吻合口溃疡发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 完全腹腔镜近端胃切除食管残胃吻合具有安全性好、术后恢复快、抗反流等特点,值得临床应用推广。

, correspAuthors=李松岩, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
李松岩,E-mail:
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刘帛岩,硕士研究生,主要从事胃肠道肿瘤治疗方面的研究

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刘帛岩,硕士研究生,主要从事胃肠道肿瘤治疗方面的研究

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刘帛岩,硕士研究生,主要从事胃肠道肿瘤治疗方面的研究

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Side-overlap吻合术应用于腹腔镜近端胃癌切除的初步体会[J]. 中华外科杂志, 2018, 56(8): 623-625., articleTitle=Side-overlap吻合术应用于腹腔镜近端胃癌切除的初步体会, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1198558117362496146, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2022, volume=407, issue=2, pageStart=861, pageEnd=869, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[14], rfOrder=13, authorNames=Hosogi H, Sakaguchi M, Yagi D, journalName=Langenbecks Arch Surg, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Hosogi H, Sakaguchi M, Yagi D, et al. Side-overlap esophagogastric tube (SO-EG) reconstruction after minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy or laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy for cancer of the esophagogastric junction[J]. Langenbecks Arch Surg, 2022, 407(2): 861-869., articleTitle=Side-overlap esophagogastric tube (SO-EG) reconstruction after minimally invasive Ivor Lewis esophagectomy or laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy for cancer of the esophagogastric junction, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198558111188480428, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198558111192674733, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, companyId=1198558111188480428, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198558111201063342, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, companyId=1198558111188480428, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部,北京 100853)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1198558113705062953, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Main operation procedure and postoperative digestive tract radiography of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy, figureFileSmall=7WHLrx8pTUqe0HXI/PNYkQ==, figureFileBig=MI3Vj074WL0EF1QLzeWsog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198558113772171823, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, language=CN, label=图1, caption=完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术主要手术步骤及术后消化道造影

A. 离断食管;B. 食管残胃吻合;C. 关闭共同开口;D. 术后消化道造影

, figureFileSmall=7WHLrx8pTUqe0HXI/PNYkQ==, figureFileBig=MI3Vj074WL0EF1QLzeWsog==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198558114023830072, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of general data between two groups of patients with gastric cancer

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)t/χ2P
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)56.5±6.954.7±5.11.2690.209
性别[例(%)]
21(58.3)26(59.1)0.0050.945
15(41.7)18(40.9)
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$)24.2±1.224.6±1.2-1.6010.113
ASA分级[例(%)]0.3570.550
Ⅰ-Ⅱ34(94.4)40(90.9)
Ⅲ-Ⅳ2(5.6)4(9.1)
腹部手术史[例(%)]0.2020.653
3(8.3)5(11.4)
33(91.7)39(88.6)
), ArticleFig(id=1198558115156292158, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组胃癌患者一般资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)t/χ2P
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)56.5±6.954.7±5.11.2690.209
性别[例(%)]
21(58.3)26(59.1)0.0050.945
15(41.7)18(40.9)
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$)24.2±1.224.6±1.2-1.6010.113
ASA分级[例(%)]0.3570.550
Ⅰ-Ⅱ34(94.4)40(90.9)
Ⅲ-Ⅳ2(5.6)4(9.1)
腹部手术史[例(%)]0.2020.653
3(8.3)5(11.4)
33(91.7)39(88.6)
), ArticleFig(id=1198558115349230147, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of perioperative indicators between two groups of patients with gastric cancer ($\bar{x}±s$)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)t/ZP
手术时间(min)186.9±16.4154.0±17.28.689<0.001
术中出血量(ml)39.5±7.638.8±8.20.3950.694
腹部切口长度(mm)59.9±4.7119.7±8.3-40.381<0.001
淋巴结清扫数目(个)21.1±3.522.1±4.2-1.1740.244
首次排气时间(h)58.2±15.366.8±16.4-2.4000.019
首次进流食时间(h)102.1±8.5104.7±9.0-1.3470.182
术后住院时间(d)7.6±1.19.2±1.3-5.088<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1198558115491836488, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

两组胃癌患者围手术期指标比较($\bar{x}±s$)

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)t/ZP
手术时间(min)186.9±16.4154.0±17.28.689<0.001
术中出血量(ml)39.5±7.638.8±8.20.3950.694
腹部切口长度(mm)59.9±4.7119.7±8.3-40.381<0.001
淋巴结清扫数目(个)21.1±3.522.1±4.2-1.1740.244
首次排气时间(h)58.2±15.366.8±16.4-2.4000.019
首次进流食时间(h)102.1±8.5104.7±9.0-1.3470.182
术后住院时间(d)7.6±1.19.2±1.3-5.088<0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1198558115613471310, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Comparison of incidence of postoperative long-term complications between two groups of patients with gastric cancer [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
并发症完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)χ2P
反流性食管炎6(16.7)17(38.6)4.6650.031
胃动力不足7(19.4)11(25.0)0.3500.554
残胃炎13(36.1)20(45.5)0.7130.398
吻合口狭窄2(5.6)6(13.6)1.4370.231
吻合口溃疡5(13.9)8(18.2)0.2680.605
), ArticleFig(id=1198558115747689042, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198558108634149206, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

两组胃癌患者术后远期并发症发生率比较[例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
并发症完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)χ2P
反流性食管炎6(16.7)17(38.6)4.6650.031
胃动力不足7(19.4)11(25.0)0.3500.554
残胃炎13(36.1)20(45.5)0.7130.398
吻合口狭窄2(5.6)6(13.6)1.4370.231
吻合口溃疡5(13.9)8(18.2)0.2680.605
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完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术的临床疗效分析
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刘帛岩 , 晏阳 , 陈玉辉 , 胡时栋 , 李松岩 *
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2024,49(9): 1018-1021
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解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2024, 49(9): 1018-1021
完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术的临床疗效分析
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刘帛岩, 晏阳, 陈玉辉, 胡时栋, 李松岩*
作者信息
  • 解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部,北京 100853
  • 刘帛岩,硕士研究生,主要从事胃肠道肿瘤治疗方面的研究

通讯作者:

李松岩,E-mail:
Clinical efficacy of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy for cancer
Bo-Yan Liu, Yang Yan, Yu-Hui Chen, Shi-Dong Hu, Song-Yan Li*
Affiliations
  • Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China
出版时间: 2024-09-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0384.2023.1229
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目的 分析完全腹腔镜近端胃切除食管残胃吻合的临床疗效,为治疗早期近端胃癌提供新的手术方法。方法 回顾性分析2019年1月-2021年6月于解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部行近端胃切除术的80例早期胃癌患者的临床资料。根据手术方式不同分为完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)与腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)。比较两组围手术期情况、远期并发症发生情况及生存状况。结果 完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组腹部切口长度[(59.9±4.7) mm vs. (119.7±8.3) mm,P<0.001]、首次排气时间[(58.2±15.3) h vs.(66.8±16.4) h,P=0.019]及术后住院时间[(7.6±1.1) d vs. (9.2±1.3) d,P<0.001]均短于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,手术时间[(186.9±16.4) min vs. (154.0±17.2) min,P<0.001]长于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组。两组术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目和首次进流食时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且均未发生需外科干预的早期并发症。随访期间两组无患者死亡,未出现复发或转移。完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组反流性食管炎发生率低于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,差异有统计学意义[16.7%(6/36) vs. 38.6%(17/44),P=0.031]。两组胃动力不足、残胃炎、吻合口狭窄、吻合口溃疡发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论 完全腹腔镜近端胃切除食管残胃吻合具有安全性好、术后恢复快、抗反流等特点,值得临床应用推广。

胃食管结合部癌  /  手术治疗  /  完全腹腔镜  /  临床疗效

Objective To analyze the clinical efficacy of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy and esophagogastric anastomosis to provide a new surgical method for the treatment of early proximal gastric cancer. Methods The clinical data of 80 patients with early gastric cancer who underwent proximal gastrectomy in the Department of General Surgery, the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2019 to June 2021 were retrospectively analyzed. According to different surgical methods, the patients were divided into two groups: a total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy group (n=36) and a laparoscopic-assisted proximal gastrectomy group (n=44). The perioperative conditions, long-term complications, and survival status were compared between the two groups. Results The length of surgical incision [(59.9±4.7) mm vs. (119.7±8.3) mm, P<0.001], first exhaust time [(58.2±15.3) h vs. (66.8±16.4) h, P=0.019] and postoperative hospital stay [(7.6±1.1) d vs. (9.2±1.3) d, P<0.001] of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy group were significantly shorter than those of laparoscope-assisted proximal gastrectomy group. The duration of operation [(186.9±16.4) min vs. (154.0±17.2) min, P<0.001] of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy group was significantly longer than that of laparoscopic-assisted proximal gastrectomy group. There were no significant differences in intra-operative hemorrhage, number of lymph nodedissection and first liquid diet feeding time between the two groups (P>0.05), and no early complications requiring surgical intervention occurred. The incidence of reflux esophagitis in the total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy group was less than that in laparoscope-assisted proximal gastrectomy group [16.7%(6/36) vs. 38.6%(17/44), P=0.031]. There was no significant difference in gastric motility, residual gastritis, anastomosis stenosis and anastomotic ulcer between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy and esophagogastric anastomosis have the characteristics of good safety, rapid postoperative recovery and anti-reflux, being worthy of clinical popularization.

gastroesophageal junction carcinoma  /  surgical treatment  /  total laparoscopy  /  clinical efficacy
刘帛岩, 晏阳, 陈玉辉, 胡时栋, 李松岩. 完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术的临床疗效分析. 解放军医学杂志, 2024 , 49 (9) : 1018 -1021 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0384.2023.1229
Bo-Yan Liu, Yang Yan, Yu-Hui Chen, Shi-Dong Hu, Song-Yan Li. Clinical efficacy of total laparoscopic proximal gastrectomy for cancer[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2024 , 49 (9) : 1018 -1021 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0384.2023.1229
胃癌是常见的恶性肿瘤之一,其发病率居全球第5位,死亡率居第4位[1]。2020年,我国胃癌新发病例达47.9万例,胃癌相关死亡达37.4万例,给我国经济及社会造成了巨大的负担[2]。胃癌的早期诊断与治疗是我国医学工作者的重中之重。有研究显示,胃食管结合部腺癌占胃癌的比例越来越高[3]。对于早期胃癌,腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术是一种安全可行的手术方式。本研究对比完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术与腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术的临床疗效,旨在探讨完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术的临床应用价值。
回顾性分析2019年1月-2021年6月于解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部行近端胃癌切除术的80例患者的临床资料。由同一手术团队进行手术,同一护理团队进行围手术期护理。纳入标准:(1)年龄18~70岁;(2)胃镜检查证实为胃癌,且分型为Siewert Ⅲ型,肿瘤直径<2 cm;(3)术前评估肿瘤分期为cT1N0-1M0;(4)手术方式为完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术或腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术。排除标准:(1)既往患有其他恶性肿瘤;(2)术前进行过内镜下切除等其他治疗;(3)合并糖尿病、高血压、心脏病等基础疾病。根据不同的手术方式将80例患者分为完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组(n=36)与腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(n=44)。本研究经解放军总医院医学论理委员会审核(伦审第S2023-690-01号)。
患者采用气管插管下全麻,淋巴结清扫范围均遵循中国临床肿瘤协会胃癌诊疗指南(2019年版)与日本胃癌诊疗指南(第5版)标准。腹腔镜设备购自日本Olympus公司,超声刀购自美国Johnson公司。
完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术:Trocar布局采用五孔法。沿横结肠上缘游离胃结肠韧带,清扫胃网膜左血管根部淋巴脂肪组织,处理、结扎、切断胃网膜左血管及胃短血管。向上游离至食管左侧,清扫第2组淋巴结及脂肪组织。将胃及大网膜向上挑起,显露胰腺上缘,解剖肝总动脉,清扫第8a组淋巴脂肪组织。解剖胃左动静脉,清扫胃左血管根部周围淋巴脂肪组织并切断血管,继续清扫第9、11组淋巴脂肪组织。紧邻肝下缘切断肝胃韧带,清扫第1组淋巴结。游离食管长度约7 cm,切断迷走神经前后干,距贲门上约2 cm处用直线切割闭合器切断闭合食管(图1A)。游离、切断、结扎胃大小弯侧网膜及网膜血管。距肿瘤远端3~5 cm处以直线切割闭合器切断闭合胃体,解除气腹,取上腹部正中切口长5~6 cm进入腹腔。取出标本。重建气腹,距离胃断端5 cm处切开残胃前壁,切开食管后壁,用直线切割闭合器行食管残胃前壁侧侧吻合(图1B),胃管前端调整至吻合口以远,缝合食管残胃共同切口(全层加浆肌层) (图1C)。
腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术:游离及清扫淋巴结操作同完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术。取上腹部正中切口长10~13 cm。距贲门上约2 cm离断食管,放置胃肠吻合器抵针座。距肿瘤远端5 cm处以直线切割闭合器切断胃体,纵行切开残胃前壁,置入胃肠吻合器中心杆后击发,完成食管残胃后壁端侧吻合。
(1)收集两组患者的年龄、性别、体重指数(body mass index,BMI)、美国麻醉师协会(American Society of Anesthesiologists,ASA)分级、腹部手术史等一般资料;(2)比较两组手术时间、术中出血量、腹部切口长度、淋巴结清扫数目、首次排气及进流食时间、住院时间、术后早期并发症情况等围手术期指标;(3)比较两组术后反流情况、生存状况等。
术后评估患者早期并发症发生情况。术后6个月、1年复查腹部增强CT及血清肿瘤标志物水平,评估复发率及生存率。在院期间每日评估,出院后通过门诊及电话进行随访,随访截至2022年8月。
采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。正态分布的计量资料以$\bar{x}±s$表示,组间比较采用t检验;非正态分布的计量资料以M(Q1Q3)表示,组间比较采用秩和检验。计数资料以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
两组年龄、性别、BMI、ASA分级、既往腹部手术史等比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,表1)。
完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组腹部切口长度、首次排气时间及术后住院时间均短于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(P<0.05),手术时间长于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组(P<0.05)。两组术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目和首次进流食时间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),且均未发生需外科干预的早期并发症(表2)。
随访期间两组均无患者死亡,未出现复发或转移。完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组反流性食管炎发生率低于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。两组胃动力不足、残胃炎、吻合口狭窄、吻合口溃疡发生率差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,表3)。完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组患者出院前行消化道造影显示,无造影剂反流入食管,抗反流效果良好(图1D)。
在过去几十年,胃癌的主要发生位置已由远端逐渐转移至近端[4]。研究显示,胃食管结合部癌已成为胃癌的主要类型[5]。对于进展期胃食管结合部癌,根治性全胃切除是重要的治疗手段之一[6]。近年来,随着胃食管结合部癌肿瘤学研究的加深和保留功能等手术理念的出现,以及全胃切除术后患者难以避免的营养不良等问题,在保证根治性的前提下,仍建议保留远端胃[7-8]。食管残胃吻合的方式在保留一部分胃的同时,也保留幽门-十二指肠的食糜路径,符合生理功能,且操作简单,被广泛应用于近端胃切除后的消化道重建。然而,此种方式在术中切除了贲门,破坏了正常的抗反流结构。有研究显示,近端胃切除食管残胃吻合术后反流性食管炎的发生率高达21.8%~32.4%[9-10],本研究结果与之相近。由此可见,如何降低近端胃切除术后反流性食管炎发生率仍是研究的热点之一。
提高患者生活质量的前提是保证手术的安全性和肿瘤治疗的根治性。本研究结果显示,完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组与腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组术中出血量、淋巴结清扫数目无明显差异,且两组均未发生需要干预的早期并发症。此外,完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组首次排气时间早于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,但两组首次进流食时间未见明显差异,其原因可能为外科医师倾向于更加安全的决策,即使早期出现排气,也未第一时间恢复饮食。本研究结果还显示,完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组腹部切口长度短于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,由此带来的疼痛更小,术后所需镇痛药物更少,患者在心理上更容易接受早期下床活动,恢复更快。值得注意的是,完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组手术时间长于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,分析原因可能与镜下手术操作难度大、术者配合不够默契有关。由此带来的手术创伤与长时间麻醉的影响也同样值得注意,尤其是老年患者,更短的手术时间也应成为外科医师追求的目标之一。同时应当认识到,随着完全腹腔镜手术的开展,对手术理解的加深,手术时间能够进一步缩短。由此可见,完全腹腔镜近端胃切除食管残胃前壁吻合的手术方法在安全性上与传统腹腔镜辅助近端胃切除、食管残胃吻合的手术方法相近。同时,在目前的随访时间下,两组患者均未出现复发或转移的征象。而完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组反流性食管炎发生率低于腹腔镜辅助近端胃癌切除术组,表明该术式能够有效减少术后反流的发生。
目前,已有多种抗反流术式应用于临床,如食管胃前壁吻合、管状残胃吻合、双肌瓣吻合等。本研究中完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术组患者采用食管胃前壁吻合。此种吻合方式简单、安全,保留了十二指肠通路,更符合生理结构。残胃顶端也可形成类似胃底的结构,能够形成His角,具有抗反流的功能。与食管胃后壁吻合相比,患者在平卧时食糜不容易反流进入食管。术后消化道造影显示,造影剂未反流进入食管,显示出食管残胃前壁吻合良好的抗反流能力。
此外,近年来新出现的食管残胃侧壁吻合在理论上也具有良好的抗反流能力。该吻合方式由Yamashita等[11]提出,适用于全腔镜下操作。此种吻合方式可使食管背段呈活瓣形状覆盖于吻合口,来自胃内的压力使食管关闭,从而起到抗反流的作用[12]。此吻合方式在本研究完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术所应用的吻合方式的基础上,增加了旋转的力,从而形成活瓣样结构。但由于增加了旋转的力,可能增加吻合口瘘、出血等并发症发生的可能。目前已有相关研究报道,但样本量较小,仍需要大样本临床试验加以验证[13-14]
综上所述,完全腹腔镜近端胃癌切除术能够有效减少反流性食管炎的发生,且未出现严重并发症。同时由于完全腹腔镜近端胃切除食管残胃前壁吻合方式可在全腔镜下进行,与传统吻合方式相比,手术切口长度短,患者痛苦小,术后住院时间短,适合临床推广。但本研究存在单中心、样本量小、随访时间短等不足,结论仍需大样本随机对照试验加以验证。
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0384.2023.1229
  • 接收时间:2023-03-14
  • 首发时间:2025-11-21
  • 出版时间:2024-09-28
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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-14
  • 录用日期:2023-08-21
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    解放军总医院第一医学中心普通外科医学部,北京 100853

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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