Article(id=1198200259143893457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198200256912519683, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1608.2024.0521, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1701705600000, receivedDateStr=2023-12-05, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1706544000000, acceptedDateStr=2024-01-30, onlineDate=1763602803263, onlineDateStr=2025-11-20, pubDate=1732723200000, pubDateStr=2024-11-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763602803263, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763602803263, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763602803263, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198200256912519683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2024', volume='49', issue='11', pageStart='1221', pageEnd='1342', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1763602802732, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763603918291, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198204935973204862, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198200256912519683, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198204935973204863, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198200256912519683, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1289, endPage=1294, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198200259433300435, articleId=1198200259143893457, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Impact of radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation, and prostate brachytherapy on sexual function in patients with prostate cancer, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To compare and explore the impact of radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, and prostate brachytherapy on sexual function of patients with prostate cancer. Methods A total of 80 prostate cancer patients admitted to the Urology Department of Ji'an Central People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the treatment plan, they were divided into a surgical resection group (n=26, underwent radical prostatectomy), an external beam irradiation group (n=28, treated with high-energy X-rays or particle beams directed at irradiate tumor cells from outside the body), and a brachytherapy group (n=26, radioactive material placed directly into the prostate to act on cancer cells). General data such as age, body mass index (BMI) and Gleason score were collected for all patients. Patients were assessed for erectile dysfunction using international index of erectile function (IIEF) scale, for sexual desire using sexual dysfunction index (SDI) scale, and for sexual function using male sexual health questionnaire (MSHQ) scale. Six months after the end of treatment, the patients' anxiety and depression were assessed using self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS). Results There were no statistically significant differences in age, BMI and Gleason score among patients in each group (P>0.05). The brachytherapy group demonstrated a higher rate of no erectile dysfunction compared to surgical resection group and external beam radiation group (P<0.05), and lower rates of mild and moderate to severe erectile dysfunction compared to surgical resection group (P<0.05). The external beam irradiation group showed a higher rate of no erectile dysfunction and lower rates of moderate to severe erectile dysfunction compared to surgical resection group (P<0.05). The brachytherapy group showed higher scores in sexual fantasy, sexual desire, sexual frequency and total SDI score than those in surgical resection group and external beam radiation group (P<0.05). The external beam radiation group also had higher scores in these areas compared to surgical resection group (P<0.05). The total sexual function score was higher in brachytherapy group compared to the other two groups (P<0.05), and the external beam irradiation group had a higher sexual function score than surgical resection group (P<0.05). The SAS and SDS scores in brachytherapy group were lower than those in surgical resection group and external beam radiation group (P<0.05). Conclusion Among the treatment methods for prostate cancer, prostate brachytherapy is relatively more effective in maintaining sexual function, especially in terms of erectile function and sexual desire, outperforming radical prostatectomy and external beam therapy.

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目的 对比分析根治性前列腺切除术、外照射、前列腺近距离放射治疗对前列腺癌患者性功能的影响。方法 筛选2020年1月-2022年12月吉安市中心人民医院泌尿外科收治的80例前列腺癌患者进行回顾性分析。根据治疗方案将其分为手术切除组(n=26,行根治性前列腺切除术)、外照射组(n=28,使用高能量的X射线或粒子束从体外直接照射肿瘤细胞)与近距放射组(n=26,在前列腺内直接放置放射性物质作用于癌细胞)。统计各组患者年龄、体重指数(BMI)、格里森评分等一般资料。使用国际勃起功能指数(IIEF)量表评估患者勃起功能障碍,性功能障碍指数(SDI)量表评估患者性欲水平,男性性功能问卷(MSHQ)评估患者性功能。治疗结束后6个月,使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估患者焦虑、抑郁情况。结果 各组年龄、BMI、格里森评分等一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。近距放射组勃起功能无障碍率较手术切除组和外照射组增高(P<0.05),勃起功能轻度障碍和中重度障碍率较手术切除组降低(P<0.05);外照射组勃起无障碍率较手术切除组增高(P<0.05),勃起中重度障碍率较手术切除组降低(P<0.05)。近距放射组性幻想、性欲、性频率评分和SDI总评分较手术切除组和外照射组增高(P<0.05),外照射组性幻想、性欲、性频率评分和SDI总评分较手术切除组增高(P<0.05)。近距放射组性功能总评分较手术切除组和外照射组增高(P<0.05),外照射组性功能总评分较手术切除组增高(P<0.05)。近距放射组SAS、SDS评分均较手术切除组和外照射组降低(P<0.05)。结论 在前列腺癌治疗方法中,前列腺近距离放射治疗在保持性功能方面相对更有效,尤其是在勃起功能和性欲方面的表现优于根治性前列腺切除术和外照射治疗。

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罗凌坚,副主任医师,主要从事前列腺癌、泌尿系结石微创治疗方面的研究

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罗凌坚,副主任医师,主要从事前列腺癌、泌尿系结石微创治疗方面的研究

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罗凌坚,副主任医师,主要从事前列腺癌、泌尿系结石微创治疗方面的研究

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Nat Rev Urol, 2023, 20(6): 332-355., articleTitle=Sexual health and treatment-related sexual dysfunction in sexual and gender minorities with prostate cancer, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1198318980193677847, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, awardId=20161892, language=EN, fundingSource=Science and Technology Plan of Jiangxi Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission(20161892), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198318981259031074, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, awardId=20161892, language=CN, fundingSource=江西省卫生计生委科技计划(20161892), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198318977706455471, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198318977710649776, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, companyId=1198318977706455471, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Urology, Ji'an Central People's Hospital, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198318977719038385, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, companyId=1198318977706455471, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=吉安市中心人民医院泌尿外科,江西吉安 343000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1198318979359011303, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of general data among prostate cancer patients in different groups

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目手术切除组(n=26)外照射组(n=28)近距放射组(n=26)FP
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)55.9±5.357.3±4.456.2±5.74.1940.104
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$)22.16±1.8822.37±2.0423.55±1.973.1720.223
格里森评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)6.24±1.335.85±1.266.37±1.425.0030.556
高血压[例(%)]8(30.8)7(25.0)9(34.6)2.6170.281
糖尿病[例(%)]6(23.1)5(17.9)7(26.9)3.4450.245
吸烟[例(%)]11(42.3)14(50.0)13(50.0)1.2060.334
饮酒[例(%)]10(38.5)12(42.9)13(50.0)2.3390.102
IIEF评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)15.63±3.9615.27±4.2515.75±4.120.8740.362
SDI评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)15.69±3.2015.02±4.1115.36±3.920.4260.287
MSHQ评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)14.26±4.1514.69±4.7214.31±4.730.3320.385
SAS评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)75.23±17.5872.16±19.5274.01±17.610.4780.512
SDS评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)72.26±21.0273.56±16.1272.35±18.710.5680.631
TNM分期[例(%)]0.7550.669
Ⅰ期22(84.6)23(82.1)20(76.9)
Ⅱ期3(11.5)4(14.3)5(19.2)
Ⅲ期1(3.8)1(3.6)1(3.8)
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各组前列腺癌患者一般资料比较

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项目手术切除组(n=26)外照射组(n=28)近距放射组(n=26)FP
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$)55.9±5.357.3±4.456.2±5.74.1940.104
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$)22.16±1.8822.37±2.0423.55±1.973.1720.223
格里森评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)6.24±1.335.85±1.266.37±1.425.0030.556
高血压[例(%)]8(30.8)7(25.0)9(34.6)2.6170.281
糖尿病[例(%)]6(23.1)5(17.9)7(26.9)3.4450.245
吸烟[例(%)]11(42.3)14(50.0)13(50.0)1.2060.334
饮酒[例(%)]10(38.5)12(42.9)13(50.0)2.3390.102
IIEF评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)15.63±3.9615.27±4.2515.75±4.120.8740.362
SDI评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)15.69±3.2015.02±4.1115.36±3.920.4260.287
MSHQ评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)14.26±4.1514.69±4.7214.31±4.730.3320.385
SAS评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)75.23±17.5872.16±19.5274.01±17.610.4780.512
SDS评分(分, $\bar{x}±s$)72.26±21.0273.56±16.1272.35±18.710.5680.631
TNM分期[例(%)]0.7550.669
Ⅰ期22(84.6)23(82.1)20(76.9)
Ⅱ期3(11.5)4(14.3)5(19.2)
Ⅲ期1(3.8)1(3.6)1(3.8)
), ArticleFig(id=1198318979543560696, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Comparison of erectile dysfunction rates among prostate cancer patients in different groups [n(%)]

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组别勃起功能无障碍勃起功能轻度障碍勃起功能中重度障碍
手术切除组(n=26)7(26.9)7(26.9)12(46.2)
外照射组(n=28)13(46.4)(1)7(25.0)8(28.6)(1)
近距放射组(n=26)18(69.2)(1)(2)5(19.2)(1)3(11.5)(1)(2)
χ211.46315.0049.316
P0.0010.0010.002
), ArticleFig(id=1198318979627446781, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

各组前列腺癌患者勃起功能障碍率比较[例(%)]

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组别勃起功能无障碍勃起功能轻度障碍勃起功能中重度障碍
手术切除组(n=26)7(26.9)7(26.9)12(46.2)
外照射组(n=28)13(46.4)(1)7(25.0)8(28.6)(1)
近距放射组(n=26)18(69.2)(1)(2)5(19.2)(1)3(11.5)(1)(2)
χ211.46315.0049.316
P0.0010.0010.002
), ArticleFig(id=1198318979858133511, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Comparison of sexual desire scores among prostate cancer patients in different groups ($\bar{x}±s$)

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组别性幻想性欲性频率SDI总评分
手术切除组(n=26)1.27±0.141.35±0.161.23±0.154.33±0.51
外照射组(n=28)2.55±0.21(1)3.15±0.25(1)2.69±0.24(1)7.16±1.18(1)
近距放射组(n=26)3.65±0.27(1)(2)3.77±0.31(1)(2)3.32±0.25(1)(2)10.56±1.44(1)(2)
F16.22811.01610.3479.501
P0.0010.0010.0010.005
), ArticleFig(id=1198318979946213901, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198200259143893457, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

各组前列腺癌患者性欲评分比较(分, $\bar{x}±s$)

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组别性幻想性欲性频率SDI总评分
手术切除组(n=26)1.27±0.141.35±0.161.23±0.154.33±0.51
外照射组(n=28)2.55±0.21(1)3.15±0.25(1)2.69±0.24(1)7.16±1.18(1)
近距放射组(n=26)3.65±0.27(1)(2)3.77±0.31(1)(2)3.32±0.25(1)(2)10.56±1.44(1)(2)
F16.22811.01610.3479.501
P0.0010.0010.0010.005
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根治性前列腺切除术、外照射、前列腺近距离放射治疗对前列腺癌患者性功能的影响
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罗凌坚 , 陈薇 , 胡见见
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2024,49(11): 1289-1294
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解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2024, 49(11): 1289-1294
根治性前列腺切除术、外照射、前列腺近距离放射治疗对前列腺癌患者性功能的影响
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罗凌坚, 陈薇, 胡见见
作者信息
  • 吉安市中心人民医院泌尿外科,江西吉安 343000
  • 罗凌坚,副主任医师,主要从事前列腺癌、泌尿系结石微创治疗方面的研究

Impact of radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation, and prostate brachytherapy on sexual function in patients with prostate cancer
Ling-Jian Lou, Wei Chen, Jian-Jian Hu
Affiliations
  • Department of Urology, Ji'an Central People's Hospital, Ji'an, Jiangxi 343000, China
出版时间: 2024-11-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1608.2024.0521
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目的 对比分析根治性前列腺切除术、外照射、前列腺近距离放射治疗对前列腺癌患者性功能的影响。方法 筛选2020年1月-2022年12月吉安市中心人民医院泌尿外科收治的80例前列腺癌患者进行回顾性分析。根据治疗方案将其分为手术切除组(n=26,行根治性前列腺切除术)、外照射组(n=28,使用高能量的X射线或粒子束从体外直接照射肿瘤细胞)与近距放射组(n=26,在前列腺内直接放置放射性物质作用于癌细胞)。统计各组患者年龄、体重指数(BMI)、格里森评分等一般资料。使用国际勃起功能指数(IIEF)量表评估患者勃起功能障碍,性功能障碍指数(SDI)量表评估患者性欲水平,男性性功能问卷(MSHQ)评估患者性功能。治疗结束后6个月,使用焦虑自评量表(SAS)和抑郁自评量表(SDS)评估患者焦虑、抑郁情况。结果 各组年龄、BMI、格里森评分等一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。近距放射组勃起功能无障碍率较手术切除组和外照射组增高(P<0.05),勃起功能轻度障碍和中重度障碍率较手术切除组降低(P<0.05);外照射组勃起无障碍率较手术切除组增高(P<0.05),勃起中重度障碍率较手术切除组降低(P<0.05)。近距放射组性幻想、性欲、性频率评分和SDI总评分较手术切除组和外照射组增高(P<0.05),外照射组性幻想、性欲、性频率评分和SDI总评分较手术切除组增高(P<0.05)。近距放射组性功能总评分较手术切除组和外照射组增高(P<0.05),外照射组性功能总评分较手术切除组增高(P<0.05)。近距放射组SAS、SDS评分均较手术切除组和外照射组降低(P<0.05)。结论 在前列腺癌治疗方法中,前列腺近距离放射治疗在保持性功能方面相对更有效,尤其是在勃起功能和性欲方面的表现优于根治性前列腺切除术和外照射治疗。

前列腺癌  /  根治切除术  /  外照射  /  近距离放射  /  性功能

Objective To compare and explore the impact of radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation therapy, and prostate brachytherapy on sexual function of patients with prostate cancer. Methods A total of 80 prostate cancer patients admitted to the Urology Department of Ji'an Central People's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2022 were retrospectively analyzed. According to the treatment plan, they were divided into a surgical resection group (n=26, underwent radical prostatectomy), an external beam irradiation group (n=28, treated with high-energy X-rays or particle beams directed at irradiate tumor cells from outside the body), and a brachytherapy group (n=26, radioactive material placed directly into the prostate to act on cancer cells). General data such as age, body mass index (BMI) and Gleason score were collected for all patients. Patients were assessed for erectile dysfunction using international index of erectile function (IIEF) scale, for sexual desire using sexual dysfunction index (SDI) scale, and for sexual function using male sexual health questionnaire (MSHQ) scale. Six months after the end of treatment, the patients' anxiety and depression were assessed using self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) and self-rating depression scale (SDS). Results There were no statistically significant differences in age, BMI and Gleason score among patients in each group (P>0.05). The brachytherapy group demonstrated a higher rate of no erectile dysfunction compared to surgical resection group and external beam radiation group (P<0.05), and lower rates of mild and moderate to severe erectile dysfunction compared to surgical resection group (P<0.05). The external beam irradiation group showed a higher rate of no erectile dysfunction and lower rates of moderate to severe erectile dysfunction compared to surgical resection group (P<0.05). The brachytherapy group showed higher scores in sexual fantasy, sexual desire, sexual frequency and total SDI score than those in surgical resection group and external beam radiation group (P<0.05). The external beam radiation group also had higher scores in these areas compared to surgical resection group (P<0.05). The total sexual function score was higher in brachytherapy group compared to the other two groups (P<0.05), and the external beam irradiation group had a higher sexual function score than surgical resection group (P<0.05). The SAS and SDS scores in brachytherapy group were lower than those in surgical resection group and external beam radiation group (P<0.05). Conclusion Among the treatment methods for prostate cancer, prostate brachytherapy is relatively more effective in maintaining sexual function, especially in terms of erectile function and sexual desire, outperforming radical prostatectomy and external beam therapy.

prostate cancer  /  radical resection  /  external beam radiation  /  brachytherapy  /  sexual function
罗凌坚, 陈薇, 胡见见. 根治性前列腺切除术、外照射、前列腺近距离放射治疗对前列腺癌患者性功能的影响. 解放军医学杂志, 2024 , 49 (11) : 1289 -1294 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1608.2024.0521
Ling-Jian Lou, Wei Chen, Jian-Jian Hu. Impact of radical prostatectomy, external beam radiation, and prostate brachytherapy on sexual function in patients with prostate cancer[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2024 , 49 (11) : 1289 -1294 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1608.2024.0521
前列腺癌发病率近年来呈上升趋势[1-4]。随着医学技术的进步,前列腺癌的治疗方法日益多样化,主要包括根治性前列腺切除术、外照射和前列腺近距离放射治疗等[5-6]。然而,这些治疗方法对患者性功能均会有不同程度的影响,成为影响患者生活质量的重要因素之一。根治性前列腺切除术是一种常规的治疗方法,尤其适用于局限于前列腺的癌症[7-9],但其侵入性质可能导致一系列并发症,尤其是性功能障碍。外照射治疗通过高能量X射线或粒子束从体外直接照射癌细胞[10-11],适用于治疗多种阶段的前列腺癌,包括局限期和晚期癌症。与根治性前列腺切除术相比,外照射治疗对性功能的影响较小,但长期辐射效应可能导致勃起功能障碍等问题。作为一种局部放射治疗方式,前列腺近距离放射治疗通过将放射性种子直接植入前列腺,为局限性前列腺癌提供了另一种治疗选择。与其他两种方法相比,近距离放射治疗的侵入性较小,对周围神经和血管的损伤也较轻,从而可能降低性功能障碍的风险。性功能障碍作为前列腺癌治疗的主要并发症之一,对患者的生活质量有着深远的影响[12-14]。勃起功能障碍和性欲减退不仅影响身体健康,还可能导致心理和情感问题,如焦虑和抑郁等。因此,在选择治疗方案时,不仅要考虑治疗效果和安全性,还应充分考虑性生活质量。本研究对比分析根治性前列腺切除术、外照射和前列腺近距离放射治疗这3种不同治疗方法对前列腺癌患者性功能的影响,以期为临床提供更全面的治疗参考。
筛选2020年1月-2022年12月吉安市中心人民医院泌尿外科收治的前列腺癌患者进行回顾性研究。根据以下公式计算样本量(n):n=Z2×[P×(1-P)]/E2,其中n为样本量;Z为统计量,置信度为95%时,Z=1.96;当置信度为90%时,Z=1.64;E为误差值;P为概率值;n=80是定量研究的最小样本量。纳入标准:(1)年龄18~70岁;(2)经病理活检确诊为前列腺癌;(3)计划接受根治性前列腺切除术、外照射或前列腺近距离放射治疗;(4)治疗完成后3~6个月,同意接受随访调查;(5)治疗前具有正常的性功能;(6)具有足够的认知能力和沟通能力,理解本研究内容,且能完成相关调查问卷;(7)无其他重大健康问题。排除标准:(1)存在其他严重影响性功能的疾病;(2)正在接受荷尔蒙治疗;(3)存在严重心理疾病或情感障碍。本研究获吉安市中心人民医院伦理委员会审批[伦审(2024)第L020501号],免除患者知情同意。研究人员在治疗前收集患者的年龄、身高、体重等基本信息,并计算体重指数(BMI)。格里森评分等临床资料从病历系统中提取,格里森评分由两位经验丰富的病理学医师根据前列腺活检结果进行评分,评分范围2~10分。
根据治疗方案不同将患者分为手术切除组(n=26)、外照射组(n=28)与近距放射组(n=26)。(1)手术切除组患者行根治性前列腺切除术治疗,均由同一组高年资外科医师操作。(2)外照射组患者使用高能量的X射线或粒子束从体外直接照射肿瘤细胞。患者外照射前CT定位需排空直肠充盈膀胱,取仰卧位,热塑膜固定。根据北美放射肿瘤协作组前列腺癌勾画共识进行前列腺临床靶区(clinical target volume,CTV)勾画。采用6MV X射线适形调强放疗技术,放疗区域为前列腺及精囊区和盆腔淋巴结区,照射剂量45~50 Gy/25f,1.8~2.0 Gy/次,5次/周,5周为1个疗程。高剂量率近距离放疗(high dose rate brachytherapy,HDR-BT)为外照射治疗后的辅助增量治疗。(3)近距放射组患者在前列腺内直接放置放射性物质作用于癌细胞。在放射治疗进行之前,整个前列腺成像,插植针和尿道的位置被经直肠超声(transrectal ultrasound,TRUS)系统捕获,然后计算出最终的治疗方案。采用192Ir放射源进行HDR-BT治疗,制定单次剂量6 Gy覆盖90%肿瘤靶区的放疗计划,共插植3次,每次插植间隔3 d,计算机根据处方剂量自动计算每个驻留位的驻留时间。肿瘤靶区与危及器官计算剂量体积时均转换为等效生物剂量,以优化放疗计划。
使用国际勃起功能指数(international index of erectile function,IIEF)量表评估勃起硬度、维持时间以及勃起的可靠性。IIEF评分0~30分,分数越高表示勃起功能越好。治疗前,使用IIEF对所有患者进行勃起功能的基线评估,治疗后3个月进行随访评估。根据IIEF评分,将勃起功能障碍分为无障碍(22~30分)、轻度障碍(17~21分)和中重度障碍(0~16分)。
使用性功能障碍指数(sexual desire inventory,SDI)量表评估,该量表工具包括多个问题,涵盖性幻想、性欲的强度和频率等方面。每个问题都有特定的评分系统,即使用一个5点的Likert量表(从1非常低到5非常高)。SDI总分通过计算所有问题的得分获得,高分通常表示较高的性欲水平,而低分则可能暗示性欲较低。
使用男性性功能问卷(male sexual health questionnaire,MSHQ)评估性功能,通常包括3个主要部分,即勃起功能、射精功能和性欲等。勃起功能部分包含多个问题,涉及勃起的频率、硬度及维持时间;射精功能部分评估射精的频率、控制力和满意度;性欲部分包含评估性欲强度和频率的问题。每个部分采用Likert量表评分,为1~5分。较高的得分通常表明较好的性功能,而较低的得分可能暗示性功能障碍。
治疗结束后6个月,使用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale,SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale,SDS)评估患者焦虑抑郁情况。SAS包括20个项目,每个项目的评分从1分(没有或很少有)到4分(大部分或全部时间都有)。总分为20~80分,分数越高表示焦虑症状越严重。SDS包括20个项目,评分标准同SAS。
采用SPSS 20.0软件(美国IBM公司)进行统计分析。计量资料以$\bar{x}±s$表示,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析或者重复测量的方差分析,进一步两两比较采用LSD-t检验;计数资料以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
共纳入前列腺癌患者80例,年龄26~68(56.8±6.5)岁,其中手术切除组26例,外照射组28例,近距放射组26例。手术切除组年龄(55.9±5.3)岁,BMI (22.16±1.88) kg/m2,格里森评分(6.24±1.33)分,其中高血压8例,糖尿病6例,吸烟11例,饮酒10例。外照射组年龄(57.3±4.4)岁,BMI (22.37±2.04) kg/m2,格里森评分(5.85±1.26)分,其中高血压7例,糖尿病5例,吸烟14例,饮酒12例。近距放射组年龄(56.2±5.7)岁,BMI (23.55±1.97) kg/m2,格里森评分(6.37±1.42)分,其中高血压9例,糖尿病7例,吸烟13例,饮酒13例。各组患者年龄、BMI、格里森评分等一般资料比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05,表1)。
IIEF量表评估结果显示,近距放射组勃起功能无障碍率较手术切除组和外照射组增高(P<0.05),勃起功能轻度障碍和中重度障碍率较手术切除组降低(P<0.05);外照射组勃起无障碍率较手术切除组增高(P<0.05),勃起中重度障碍率较手术切除组降低(P<0.05,表2)。
SDI量表评估结果显示,近距放射组性幻想、性欲、性频率评分和SDI总评分较手术切除组和外照射组增高(P<0.05),外照射组性幻想、性欲、性频率评分和SDI总评分较手术切除组增高(P<0.05,表3)。
MSHQ问卷评估结果显示,各组性功能总评分比较差异有统计学意义(F=14.766,P<=0.001);近距放射组性功能总评分明显高于手术切除组和外照射组[(11.63±2.59)分 vs. (5.72±1.53)分 vs. (8.15±1.74)分,P<0.05]。外照射组性功能总评分明显高于手术切除组(P<0.05)。
SAS、SDS量表评估结果显示,治疗结束后6个月,近距放射组、外照射组、手术切除组SAS评分依次为(38.24±3.18)分、(49.55±4.39)分、(67.39±5.47)分,SDS评分依次为(41.26±4.61)分、(54.37±4.52)分、(70.41±6.02)分;3组SAS、SDS评分比较差异均有统计学意义(F=8.115,P=0.004;F=13.296,P=0.001)。近距放射组SAS、SDS评分较手术切除组和外照射组降低(P<0.05)。
前列腺癌治疗方法主要包括根治性前列腺切除术、外照射和前列腺近距离放射治疗等。这些治疗方法各有特点,适用于不同阶段和类型的前列腺癌。根治性前列腺切除术是一种常见的前列腺癌治疗手术,适用于局限于前列腺的癌症。此手术旨在完全切除前列腺腺体及其周围的一些组织,包括精囊和可能累及的周围淋巴结,可通过开腹手术、腹腔镜手术或机器人辅助手术进行。尽管根治性前列腺切除术在治疗局限性前列腺癌方面非常有效,但可能带来诸如尿失禁和性功能障碍等,这主要是由于手术可能损害控制尿液和勃起的神经。外照射治疗即外部束放射治疗,使用高能量X射线或粒子束从体外直接照射到癌细胞上,是一种常用的前列腺癌治疗方法,尤其适用于癌症已经从前列腺局部扩散或存在高复发风险的情况。现代外照射技术如调强放射治疗和图像引导放射治疗,能够提高照射的精确性,减轻对周围正常组织的损害。然而,外照射治疗可能引起尿道和肠道症状,以及性功能障碍等不良反应[15-17]。前列腺近距离放射治疗,又称为前列腺植入治疗或桩体放射治疗,是一种局部治疗方法,适用于早期或局限于前列腺的癌症。该技术将放射性种子直接植入到前列腺组织中,这些种子直接辐射作用于癌细胞,而对周围正常组织的影响较小。前列腺近距离放射治疗的优点是不良反应较少,特别是对性功能和尿道功能的影响较小。
本研究对前列腺癌患者进行根治性前列腺切除术、外照射和前列腺近距离放射治疗后比较其性功能,发现上述治疗方法对患者性功能的影响存在明显差异。这些差异不仅关乎医学治疗的选择,也深刻影响患者的生活质量和心理健康,值得深入探讨。本研究发现,前列腺近距离放射治疗在维持性功能方面具有一定优势,可作为前列腺癌的一种重要的治疗选择。特别是在勃起功能、性欲等影响患者日常生活质量影响深远的方面,近距离放射治疗显示出显著的优势。本研究结果与现有文献一致[18],尤其是在根治性前列腺切除术导致性功能障碍方面。既往研究显示,根治性前列腺切除术由于对前列腺区域及周围神经的侵入性操作,常导致勃起功能障碍,这可能与术中神经损伤有关[19]。此外,研究亦表明,即使采用神经保护技术,仍有一定比例的患者经历性功能下降[20-21]。外照射治疗为非侵入性治疗,虽不会直接损害神经,但长期辐射效应仍有可能影响性功能[22]。前列腺近距离放射治疗作为一种更为精确的局部治疗方法,能够最大限度地减轻对周围组织尤其是神经和血管的损伤。前列腺近距离放射治疗之所以能在保持性功能方面有优势,可能与其独特的治疗机制有关。此技术通过将放射性物质直接植入到肿瘤组织内部,使辐射作用更加集中,减轻了对周围正常组织的影响[23-24]。这种局部化的治疗不仅减轻了对神经的损伤,降低了勃起功能障碍的风险[25-27],而且也减轻了对性欲的负面影响。另外,该技术由于其低侵入性,可减轻患者的心理负担,有助于减轻治疗相关的焦虑和抑郁情绪。对于前列腺癌患者,性功能的保持不仅是生理健康的重要组成部分,也是生活质量和自我价值感的关键因素。因此,在选择前列腺癌的治疗方案时,除考虑治疗的有效性和安全性外,还应充分考虑患者对性功能保持的需求和预期[28-29]。对于特别关注性功能和生活质量的患者,前列腺近距离放射治疗可能是一个更加合适的选择。临床医师在向患者推荐治疗方案时,应提供全面的信息,包括不同治疗方法对性功能的可能影响,以帮助患者做出知情的决策,且应根据临床分期给出最佳治疗方案。此外,心理健康在前列腺癌治疗中也起着重要作用。性功能障碍不仅影响患者的身体健康,还可能引发焦虑和抑郁等心理问题。因此,在治疗前列腺癌时,应采取综合性的治疗方法,不仅关注患者的身体健康,还要关注其心理和情感需求。
综上所述,在前列腺癌治疗方法中,前列腺近距离放射治疗在保持性功能方面相对更有效,尤其是在勃起功能和性欲方面的表现优于根治性前列腺切除术和外照射治疗。该结果对于优化前列腺癌治疗策略,特别是在考虑保持患者性功能和生活质量时具有重要的临床意义。本研究虽然发现前列腺近距离放射治疗在保持性功能方面具有优势,但也存在一定的局限性,需要进一步研究加以改进。首先,本研究样本量较小,仅有80例前列腺癌患者,可能存在偶然性和选择性偏倚,影响结果的稳定性和普遍性。今后应扩大样本量,提高研究的代表性和可信度。其次,随访时间较短,仅为6个月,无法充分反映不同治疗方法对性功能的长期影响。今后应延长随访时间,观察性功能的动态变化,评估不同治疗方法的远期效果。最后,本研究的评估工具主要依赖于患者自我报告的量表,存在主观性和记忆偏差,影响结果的客观性和准确性。今后应结合客观的检测方法,如勃起硬度计、彩色多普勒超声等,对性功能进行更全面和科学的评估。
  • 江西省卫生计生委科技计划(20161892)
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2024年第49卷第11期
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1608.2024.0521
  • 接收时间:2023-12-05
  • 首发时间:2025-11-20
  • 出版时间:2024-11-28
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  • 收稿日期:2023-12-05
  • 录用日期:2024-01-30
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Science and Technology Plan of Jiangxi Provincial Health and Family Planning Commission(20161892)
江西省卫生计生委科技计划(20161892)
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    吉安市中心人民医院泌尿外科,江西吉安 343000
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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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