Article(id=1198196211401458275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198196207379120715, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1271.2024.0316, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1695139200000, receivedDateStr=2023-09-20, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1697731200000, acceptedDateStr=2023-10-20, onlineDate=1763601838206, onlineDateStr=2025-11-20, pubDate=1735315200000, pubDateStr=2024-12-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1763601838206, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-20, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1763601838206, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763601838206, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1198196207379120715, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2024', volume='49', issue='12', pageStart='1343', pageEnd='1459', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1763601837248, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1763603898104, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1198204851306988030, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198196207379120715, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1198204851306988031, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1198196207379120715, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=1408, endPage=1416, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1198196211695059565, articleId=1198196211401458275, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Effect and mechanism of RUNX1 on the biological behaviors of gastric cancer cells, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the viability of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) as a biomarker for gastric cancer and to assess the impact of the small molecule inhibitor Ro24-7429 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells following targeted modulation. Methods Through the GEPIA database, we analyzed RUNX1 mRNA expression in gastric cancer or normal gastric tissues. Utilizing RUNX1 expression data from the TCGA database, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to appraise the potential of RUNX1 as a gastric cancer biomarker. In September 2022, we collected tissue samples from 6 patients with gastric cancer from the Department of General Surgery at the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University. After extracting tissue proteins, Western blotting was employed to compare RUNX1 protein expression in tumor and adjacent tissues. Gastric cancer cell lines with high RUNX1 expression were identified and the suppressive effect of the small molecule inhibitor Ro24-7429 on RUNX1 protein expression was verified by Western blotting. the effect of Ro24-7429 was validated by using CCK-8, colony formation, cell scratch, and Transwell assays. RUNX1 protein levels in gastric cancer tissues were quantified using immunohistochemical staining. An organoid model of gastric cancer was then established from the high-expression samples and verified by both HE and immunization analyses. Lastly, the impact of Ro24-7429 on the growth of gastric cancer organoids with meticulous tracking was evaluated using a biological microscope within a designated area. Results The analysis from the GEPIA database revealed a heightened expression of RUNX1 mRNA in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal tissues (P<0.05). The ROC curve derived from the RUNX1 expression data in the TCGA database boasts an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.956, underscoring RUNX1's potential as a robust diagnostic marker. Western blotting results revealed significantly higher RUNX1 protein expression in gastric cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues (P<0.001). Among 5 gastric cancer cell lines studied, AGS and HGC27 exhibited pronounced RUNX1 protein expression (P<0.001). The small molecule inhibitor Ro24-7429, targeting RUNX1, potently suppressed RUNX1 expression in gastric cancer cells. The results from CCK-8, colony formation, scratch, and Transwell assays showed that Ro24-7429 effectively inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells (P<0.001). In a gastric cancer organoid model derived from high RUNX1 expression samples, the RUNX1 expression was remarkably consistent with its originating tissue. As expected, upon the targeted inhibition of RUNX1 using Ro24-7429, the cancer organoids significantly reduced growth capacity. Conclusions RUNX1 shows potential as a biomarker for gastric cancer. Ro24-7429 specifically inhibits RUNX1 expression and suppresses tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in gastric cancer cell lines and organoid models.

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目的 探究Runt相关转录因子1(RUNX1)在胃癌中作为特异分子标志物的潜力,以及使用小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429靶向调控RUNX1对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭等生物学行为的影响。方法 利用GEPIA数据库分析RUNX1 mRNA在胃癌组织与正常胃组织中的表达差异;基于TCGA数据库中的RUNX1基因表达数据,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,评估RUNX1作为胃癌生物标志物的潜在价值。2022年9月采集兰州大学第二医院普外科手术中6例胃癌患者的组织样本,提取组织蛋白,采用Western blotting检测RUNX1蛋白在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达情况。采用Western blotting筛选RUNX1高表达的胃癌细胞株,评估小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429对RUNX1蛋白表达的抑制作用;采用CCK-8、克隆形成、细胞划痕、Transwell等实验评估Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响;利用免疫组织化学染色检测胃癌组织中RUNX1蛋白的表达情况,基于高表达样本建立胃癌类器官模型,并对该模型进行HE和免疫组织化学染色加以验证;通过生物显微镜在固定区域进行连续观察,监测Ro24-7429对胃癌类器官生长的影响。结果 GEPIA数据库分析结果显示,RUNX1 mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达高于正常组织(P<0.05);基于TCGA数据库中RUNX1的表达数据绘制的ROC曲线,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.956,提示RUNX1可作为一个高度敏感的诊断标志物;Western blotting检测结果显示,胃癌组织中RUNX1蛋白的表达明显高于癌旁组织(P<0.001);在5种胃癌细胞系中,AGS和HGC27细胞株中RUNX1蛋白呈现高表达,靶向RUNX1的小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429在胃癌细胞中可抑制RUNX1的表达(P<0.001);CCK-8、克隆形成、细胞划痕和Transwell等实验结果显示Ro24-7429可明显抑制胃癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力(P<0.001);基于RUNX1高表达样本建立的胃癌类器官模型,其RUNX1的表达与原始组织高度一致;当使用Ro24-7429针对RUNX1进行靶向抑制时,胃癌类器官生长能力明显下降。结论 RUNX1在胃癌中具备潜在的生物标志物价值,利用Ro24-7429可特异性地抑制胃癌细胞中RUNX1的表达,进而在细胞系与类器官模型中明显抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭等生物学行为。

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李志刚,硕士研究生,主要从事消化道肿瘤的预防及治疗研究

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李志刚,硕士研究生,主要从事消化道肿瘤的预防及治疗研究

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J Cell Physiol, 2022, 237(4): 2169-2182., articleTitle=Inhibition of RUNX1 blocks the differentiation of lung fibroblasts to myofibroblasts, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1198318901001023751, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, awardId=32170729, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170729), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1198318901084909834, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, awardId=32170729, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(32170729), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1198318895925915723, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198318895934304332, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, companyId=1198318895925915723, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1198318895942692940, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, companyId=1198318895925915723, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=兰州大学第二医院普通外科,甘肃兰州 730030)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1198318898652213464, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Abnormal expression of RUNX1 gene in gastric cancer, figureFileSmall=9mrZnd5QNOv7hb3x8Bf6pw==, figureFileBig=D6ZFMJZUFeTLsegQ0ui6Fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318898761265372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=CN, label=图1, caption=RUNX1基因在胃癌中异常表达

RUNX1. Runt相关转录因子1;A. RUNX1在多种癌症中发生突变、扩增及缺失的频率;B. GEPIA数据库中RUNX1 mRNA在胃癌组织与正常组织中的表达情况;C. 基于RUNX1的胃癌诊断ROC曲线;*P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=9mrZnd5QNOv7hb3x8Bf6pw==, figureFileBig=D6ZFMJZUFeTLsegQ0ui6Fg==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318898874511586, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Protein expression level of RUNX1 in gastric cancer tissues and gastric cancer cell lines, figureFileSmall=uB/5Mv1yLUTfhexWkRzyUQ==, figureFileBig=0gS0Qqf2T45MfrCZcH8Cgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318898975174885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=CN, label=图2, caption=RUNX1在胃癌组织及胃癌细胞系中的表达情况

RUNX1. Runt相关转录因子1;N. 癌旁组织;T. 胃癌组织;GES. 正常胃黏膜上皮细胞;A. Western blotting检测RUNX1在胃癌组织及其癌旁组织中的表达(n=6);B. Western blotting检测RUNX1在正常胃黏膜上皮细胞和5种胃癌细胞系中的表达(n=3);**P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=uB/5Mv1yLUTfhexWkRzyUQ==, figureFileBig=0gS0Qqf2T45MfrCZcH8Cgw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318899071643882, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effect of Ro24-7429 on the expression of RUNX1 in gastric cancer cells and the determination of IC50, figureFileSmall=vJ6Jd1OlMxafjvs7suH8Pg==, figureFileBig=pMjpTcPoCsWducCA54UpHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318899180695788, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=CN, label=图3, caption=Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞中RUNX1表达的影响及IC50测定

RUNX1. Runt相关转录因子1;A. Ro24-7429的化学结构式;B. Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞中RUNX1表达的影响(Ro24-7429终浓度为10 μmol/L) (n=3);C. Ro24-7429在胃癌细胞中的IC50测定;**P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=vJ6Jd1OlMxafjvs7suH8Pg==, figureFileBig=pMjpTcPoCsWducCA54UpHA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318900342518003, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effect of Ro24-7429 on proliferation, migration and invasion of gastric cancer cells, figureFileSmall=BYero3GTKVA0M+DPWr5QRQ==, figureFileBig=wpYQ8WtYzZoFluLU9Wwm0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318900443181299, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=CN, label=图4, caption=Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移及侵袭能力的影响(n=3)

Ro24-7429. 一种RUNX1活性的小分子抑制剂;A、B. 克隆形成实验检测Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞(AGS和HGC27)增殖能力的影响;C、D. 细胞划痕实验检测Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞(AGS和HGC27)迁移能力的影响;E、F. Transwell实验检测Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞(AGS和HGC27)侵袭能力的影响;**P<0.001

, figureFileSmall=BYero3GTKVA0M+DPWr5QRQ==, figureFileBig=wpYQ8WtYzZoFluLU9Wwm0w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318900548038904, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Construction of gastric cancer organoid model with high expression of RUNX1, figureFileSmall=T0oLGfgrWJ7BVDXd8AecPw==, figureFileBig=ekC303lHosCfQo6Nw3e5fA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318900657090812, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=CN, label=图5, caption=RUNX1高表达胃癌类器官模型的构建

RUNX1. Runt相关转录因子1;A. 胃癌类器官构建过程演示图;B. 所构建胃癌类器官的生长状态;C. 胃癌类器官及原组织的HE及免疫组织化学染色

, figureFileSmall=T0oLGfgrWJ7BVDXd8AecPw==, figureFileBig=ekC303lHosCfQo6Nw3e5fA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318900720005372, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effect of Ro24-7429 on the growth ability of gastric cancer organoids (n=3), figureFileSmall=Ej5w5MvnaaGRWIE64xggRg==, figureFileBig=m6mrp/eecT0SpGUDnWBrNA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1198318900782919936, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1198196211401458275, language=CN, label=图6, caption=Ro24-7429对胃癌类器官生长能力的影响(n=3)

Ro24-7429. 一种RUNX1活性的小分子抑制剂;A. 梯度浓度的Ro24-7429对胃癌类器官生长能力的影响;B、C. 类器官生长速度的统计(以面积及最长径变化衡量);*P<0.05,**P<0.001

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RUNX1对胃癌细胞生物学功能的作用及其机制
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李志刚 , 贺祺琛 , 周辉年 , 焦作义 *
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2024,49(12): 1408-1416
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2024, 49(12): 1408-1416
RUNX1对胃癌细胞生物学功能的作用及其机制
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李志刚, 贺祺琛, 周辉年, 焦作义*
作者信息
  • 兰州大学第二医院普通外科,甘肃兰州 730030
  • 李志刚,硕士研究生,主要从事消化道肿瘤的预防及治疗研究

通讯作者:

焦作义,E-mail:
Effect and mechanism of RUNX1 on the biological behaviors of gastric cancer cells
Zhi-Gang Li, Qi-Chen He, Hui-Nian Zhou, Zuo-Yi Jiao*
Affiliations
  • Department of General Surgery, the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University, Lanzhou, Gansu 730030, China
出版时间: 2024-12-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1271.2024.0316
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目的 探究Runt相关转录因子1(RUNX1)在胃癌中作为特异分子标志物的潜力,以及使用小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429靶向调控RUNX1对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭等生物学行为的影响。方法 利用GEPIA数据库分析RUNX1 mRNA在胃癌组织与正常胃组织中的表达差异;基于TCGA数据库中的RUNX1基因表达数据,绘制受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线,评估RUNX1作为胃癌生物标志物的潜在价值。2022年9月采集兰州大学第二医院普外科手术中6例胃癌患者的组织样本,提取组织蛋白,采用Western blotting检测RUNX1蛋白在胃癌组织及癌旁组织中的表达情况。采用Western blotting筛选RUNX1高表达的胃癌细胞株,评估小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429对RUNX1蛋白表达的抑制作用;采用CCK-8、克隆形成、细胞划痕、Transwell等实验评估Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭能力的影响;利用免疫组织化学染色检测胃癌组织中RUNX1蛋白的表达情况,基于高表达样本建立胃癌类器官模型,并对该模型进行HE和免疫组织化学染色加以验证;通过生物显微镜在固定区域进行连续观察,监测Ro24-7429对胃癌类器官生长的影响。结果 GEPIA数据库分析结果显示,RUNX1 mRNA在胃癌组织中的表达高于正常组织(P<0.05);基于TCGA数据库中RUNX1的表达数据绘制的ROC曲线,曲线下面积(AUC)为0.956,提示RUNX1可作为一个高度敏感的诊断标志物;Western blotting检测结果显示,胃癌组织中RUNX1蛋白的表达明显高于癌旁组织(P<0.001);在5种胃癌细胞系中,AGS和HGC27细胞株中RUNX1蛋白呈现高表达,靶向RUNX1的小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429在胃癌细胞中可抑制RUNX1的表达(P<0.001);CCK-8、克隆形成、细胞划痕和Transwell等实验结果显示Ro24-7429可明显抑制胃癌细胞的增殖、迁移和侵袭能力(P<0.001);基于RUNX1高表达样本建立的胃癌类器官模型,其RUNX1的表达与原始组织高度一致;当使用Ro24-7429针对RUNX1进行靶向抑制时,胃癌类器官生长能力明显下降。结论 RUNX1在胃癌中具备潜在的生物标志物价值,利用Ro24-7429可特异性地抑制胃癌细胞中RUNX1的表达,进而在细胞系与类器官模型中明显抑制肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭等生物学行为。

Runt相关转录因子1  /  Ro24-7429  /  胃癌细胞  /  生物学功能  /  类器官

Objective To investigate the viability of Runt-related transcription factor 1 (RUNX1) as a biomarker for gastric cancer and to assess the impact of the small molecule inhibitor Ro24-7429 on the proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells following targeted modulation. Methods Through the GEPIA database, we analyzed RUNX1 mRNA expression in gastric cancer or normal gastric tissues. Utilizing RUNX1 expression data from the TCGA database, a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was constructed to appraise the potential of RUNX1 as a gastric cancer biomarker. In September 2022, we collected tissue samples from 6 patients with gastric cancer from the Department of General Surgery at the Second Hospital of Lanzhou University. After extracting tissue proteins, Western blotting was employed to compare RUNX1 protein expression in tumor and adjacent tissues. Gastric cancer cell lines with high RUNX1 expression were identified and the suppressive effect of the small molecule inhibitor Ro24-7429 on RUNX1 protein expression was verified by Western blotting. the effect of Ro24-7429 was validated by using CCK-8, colony formation, cell scratch, and Transwell assays. RUNX1 protein levels in gastric cancer tissues were quantified using immunohistochemical staining. An organoid model of gastric cancer was then established from the high-expression samples and verified by both HE and immunization analyses. Lastly, the impact of Ro24-7429 on the growth of gastric cancer organoids with meticulous tracking was evaluated using a biological microscope within a designated area. Results The analysis from the GEPIA database revealed a heightened expression of RUNX1 mRNA in gastric cancer tissues compared with normal tissues (P<0.05). The ROC curve derived from the RUNX1 expression data in the TCGA database boasts an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.956, underscoring RUNX1's potential as a robust diagnostic marker. Western blotting results revealed significantly higher RUNX1 protein expression in gastric cancer tissues than in adjacent tissues (P<0.001). Among 5 gastric cancer cell lines studied, AGS and HGC27 exhibited pronounced RUNX1 protein expression (P<0.001). The small molecule inhibitor Ro24-7429, targeting RUNX1, potently suppressed RUNX1 expression in gastric cancer cells. The results from CCK-8, colony formation, scratch, and Transwell assays showed that Ro24-7429 effectively inhibited proliferation, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells (P<0.001). In a gastric cancer organoid model derived from high RUNX1 expression samples, the RUNX1 expression was remarkably consistent with its originating tissue. As expected, upon the targeted inhibition of RUNX1 using Ro24-7429, the cancer organoids significantly reduced growth capacity. Conclusions RUNX1 shows potential as a biomarker for gastric cancer. Ro24-7429 specifically inhibits RUNX1 expression and suppresses tumor cell proliferation, migration, and invasion in gastric cancer cell lines and organoid models.

Runt-related transcription factor 1  /  Ro24-7429  /  gastric cancer cells  /  biological functions  /  organoid
李志刚, 贺祺琛, 周辉年, 焦作义. RUNX1对胃癌细胞生物学功能的作用及其机制. 解放军医学杂志, 2024 , 49 (12) : 1408 -1416 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1271.2024.0316
Zhi-Gang Li, Qi-Chen He, Hui-Nian Zhou, Zuo-Yi Jiao. Effect and mechanism of RUNX1 on the biological behaviors of gastric cancer cells[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2024 , 49 (12) : 1408 -1416 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1271.2024.0316
胃癌是一种高度侵袭性恶性肿瘤,全球癌症统计显示,2020年全球约有108.9万新发病例和76.8万死亡病例[1]。由于胃癌起病隐匿,进展迅速,缺乏相应分子标志物,患者5年生存率低于30%[1]。尽管已有类似甲胎蛋白(alpha-fetoprotein,AFP)、癌胚抗原(carcinoembryonic antigen,CEA)、癌胚抗原199(carbohydrate antigen 19-9,CA199)、胃癌抗原724(carbohydrate antigen 724,CA724)和卵巢癌抗原125(carbohydrate antigen 125,CA125)等肿瘤标志物在临床的使用,但其总体敏感度仍然不高(<40%)[2-3]。因此寻找高敏感性、高特异性的分子标志物对于胃癌的早期诊断及预后评估尤为重要。Runt相关转录因子1(Runt-related transcription factor 1,RUNX1)是RUNX家族的成员,是脊椎动物胚胎发生中的重要转录因子[4]。RUNX1最初受到关注主要因为其能够调节血液系统中造血干细胞的分化[5]。近年来有研究表明,RUNX1在调节实体肿瘤进展方面也发挥着重要作用,包括肿瘤细胞转移、增殖及肿瘤细胞干性。例如,在卵巢癌中,高表达的RUNX1可促进肿瘤细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭[5];在胶质母细胞瘤中,RUNX1可通过调节p38丝裂原活化蛋白激酶(p38 mitogen-activated protein kinases,p38 MAPK)通路影响肿瘤细胞的迁移、侵袭和血管生成[6]。Ro24-7429是RUNX1活性的小分子抑制剂,同时也是一种有效且具有口服活性的HIV-1反式激活蛋白Tat拮抗剂(trans-activator of transcription)[7],具有抗炎、抗纤维化等多种效能[8]。但关于Ro24-7429在肿瘤治疗领域是否具有潜在疗效,既往报道少见。本研究探讨RUNX1在胃癌中作为特异分子标志物的潜力,并探索小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429靶向调控RUNX1对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭等生物学行为的影响。
通过cBioPortal数据库(http://www.cbioportal.org/)分析RUNX1基因在包括胃癌在内的多种癌症中的突变频率;使用GEPIA数据库(http://gepia.cancer-pku.cn/)对408例胃癌组织与211例正常胃组织中的RUNX1 mRNA表达水平进行比较;从TCGA数据库(https://portal.gdc.cancer.gov/)获取胃癌的基因表达数据和相应临床信息,筛选出具有完整的RUNX1基因表达信息的病例,利用“R”软件绘制受试者工作特征(receiver operating characteristic,ROC)曲线,并计算曲线下面积(area under the curve,AUC)。
2022年9月从兰州大学第二医院普外科采集6例胃癌患者的癌组织及相应癌旁组织,提取组织蛋白,比较RUNX1蛋白表达差异,并从中筛选出RUNX1高表达的癌组织1例,构建胃癌类器官模型。收集新鲜胃癌样本,使用含双抗的PBS清洗组织。随后,剪碎组织并用1 mg/ml胶原酶进行酶解,持续30~60 min;使用细胞筛过滤消化产物,并用胎牛血清终止消化。收集滤过的类器官至50 ml离心管中,以220 g离心5 min,去除上清液,并用胎牛血清重新悬浮沉淀。加入与胎牛血清等量的基质胶,轻轻摇匀。将混合物以每孔50 µl接种于24孔板中。待基质胶凝固后,加入专用的胃癌类器官培养基。
正常胃黏膜细胞GES和5种胃癌细胞系(AGS、HGC27、MKN45、SUN-216、N87)细胞购自中国科学院基础研究所。DMEM培养基、胎牛血清及PBS缓冲液购自美国Gibico公司;小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429购自美国MedChemExpress生物科技公司;二甲基亚砜(DMSO)和Western blotting配胶试剂盒购自北京索莱宝生物科技股份有限公司;Counting Kit-8(CCK-8)试剂购自上海化学试剂公司;Transwell小室和基质胶购自美国Corning公司;RUNX1抗体和GAPDH抗体购自武汉三鹰生物技术有限公司;胃癌类器官培养基购自加拿大STEMCELL Technologies公司;免疫组化试剂盒[UltraSensitiveTM SP (鼠/兔) IHC kit]购自福州迈新生物技术开发有限公司。
收集细胞和研磨后的组织样本,加入适量RIPA裂解液4 ℃下裂解15 min;4 ℃下12 000 r/min离心10 min,取上清液;使用BCA试剂盒测定蛋白浓度,加入5×SDS-PAGE缓冲液并于95 ℃加热10 min。将预定量的蛋白样本进行SDS-PAGE电泳,电泳结束,将蛋白转移到PVDF膜上,加入5%脱脂奶粉封闭1 h,使用RUNX1(1:1000)和GAPDH(1:1000)一抗4 ℃孵育过夜。次日,TBST洗涤3次,加入1:10 000稀释的二抗孵育2 h。最后,使用化学发光液显影处理。采用ImageJ软件计算条带灰度值定量分析蛋白表达水平。
收集生长状态稳定的胃癌细胞,以1×106个/孔接种于6孔板中,待细胞长至80%时,设置Ro24-7429组(加入Ro24-7429处理,终浓度为10 μmol/L)与对照组,培养24 h后收集细胞提取蛋白,利用Western blotting检测Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞RUNX1蛋白表达的影响,后续方法同1.4.1。
收集生长状态稳定的胃癌细胞,以4×103个/孔接种于96孔板中。待细胞贴壁后,替换为含有不同Ro24-7429浓度(200、100、50、25、12.5、6.25、3.125、1.5625、0.781 25、0 μmol/L)的10% DMEM培养基,每孔200 μl,培养48 h后,使用CCK-8试剂孵化细胞2 h,测定细胞活性(OD450)。
收集生长状态稳定的胃癌细胞,以1×103个/孔接种于6孔板中,设置Ro24-7429组(加入Ro24-7429处理,终浓度为10 μmol/L)与对照组。待细胞贴壁后,在培养基中加入Ro24-7429(终浓度10 μmol/L) ,培养14 d后,使用多聚甲醛溶液固定,并利用结晶紫进行染色。染色后,采用ImageJ软件统计单细胞集落形成情况,计算克隆形成率。
收集稳定生长的胃癌细胞,以1×106个/孔接种于6孔板中,设置Ro24-7429组(加入Ro24-7429处理,终浓度为10 μmol/L)与对照组。当细胞密度达到80%时,用100 μl移液枪头进行划痕;用PBS清洗掉脱落细胞并立即拍摄初始划伤状态(0 h)。之后,更换为无血清培养基,Ro24-7429组同时加入Ro24-7429(终浓度10 μmol/L)。继续培养72 h后,再次进行成像。利用ImageJ软件分析未覆盖的区域,其面积变化用以评估愈合效率。
在Transwell小室中加入稀释后的基质胶,温育4 h。随后,在上室以2×104个/孔的密度接种细胞,并加入100 μl无血清培养基,设置Ro24-7429组(加入Ro24-7429处理,终浓度为10 μmol/L)与对照组。下室则加入含有10%胎牛血清的培养基。培养48 h后,使用多聚甲醛进行固定,并利用结晶紫染色;染色后,洗涤、干燥并使用棉签擦拭小室内部,显微镜成像并用ImageJ软件分析细胞数量。
将胃癌组织和离心得到的类器官沉淀分别浸泡在4%多聚甲醛中,并在室温下固定24 h;采用梯度乙醇对样本进行脱水处理;脱水后,将样本嵌入石蜡中进行切片;将切片进行脱蜡处理,并通过递减浓度的乙醇溶液重新水化;使用柠檬酸修复溶液(pH 6.0)在压力锅中进行抗原修复;利用UltraSensitiveTM SP (鼠/兔) IHC kit进行染色,随后使用二氨基联苯胺和苏木精进行显色。染色结束后,对切片进行再次脱水和封闭处理,然后使用显微镜进行观察和成像。
收集胃癌组织和类器官切片,脱蜡并通过浓度递减的乙醇系列进行水化;使用苏木精对细胞核进行蓝色/紫色染色后,在清水或轻微酸化的水中冲洗;加入伊红对胞质进行粉红色/红色染色,染色结束后使用递增浓度的乙醇进行脱水。封片并利用显微镜进行观察和成像。
将胃癌类器官均匀铺于96孔板中,使用成品培养基进行培养,药物处理采用不同浓度梯度,具体为0、5、10、25、50 μmol/L,使用倒置显微镜定期监测类器官的生长状况,精确测量类器官的尺寸及其最长径,将变化比率作为衡量类器官生长能力的指标,以评估不同药物浓度对胃癌类器官生长影响的差异。
使用GraphPad Prism 9软件进行数据统计分析和绘图。计量资料符合正态分布者以$\bar{x}±s$表示,组间比较采用t检验;不符合正态分布者以M(Q1Q3)表示,组间比较采用秩和检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
cBioPortal数据库分析结果显示,RUNX1基因在胃癌及其他癌症中频繁发生突变、扩增和缺失(图1A)。GEPIA数据库分析结果显示,胃癌组织中RUNX1 mRNA水平明显高于正常组织(P<0.05,图1B)。使用TCGA数据库中RUNX1的表达及临床数据构建ROC曲线,结果显示,RUNX1诊断胃癌的AUC为0.956(图1C)。
Western blotting检测结果显示,胃癌组织中RUNX1蛋白表达水平高于癌旁组织(P<0.001,图2A);与正常胃黏膜上皮细胞GES比较,胃癌细胞AGS和HGC27中RUNX1蛋白表达水平明显增高(P<0.001,图2B)。
RUNX1小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429的化学结构如图3A所示。Western blotting检测结果显示,Ro24-7429对AGS和HGC27细胞中RUNX1蛋白的表达具有明显的抑制效果(P<0.001,图3B)。CCK-8法检测结果显示,Ro24-7429对AGS和HGC27细胞的IC50分别为19.81 μmol/L、25.42 μmol/L(图3C),表明Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞具有一定杀伤能力。
克隆形成实验结果显示,Ro24-7429组AGS和HGC27细胞克隆形成率明显低于对照组(P<0.001,图4A、B)。细胞划痕实验结果显示,处理72 h后,Ro24-7429组AGS和HGC27细胞划痕愈合百分比明显低于对照组(P<0.001,图4C、D)。Transwell实验结果显示,Ro24-7429组AGS和HGC27细胞侵袭数明显少于对照组(P<0.001,图4E、F)。
本研究采用RUNX1高表达的胃癌患者的胃癌细胞成功构建了类器官模型(图5A)。显微镜下观察显示类器官呈现显著的生长活性,维持了其结构的完整与稳定(图5B)。HE及免疫组化染色结果显示,胃癌类器官中RUNX1表达均呈现高水平(图5C)。
对RUNX1高表达的胃癌类器官进行系列浓度的Ro24-7429处理,结果显示,Ro24-7429浓度与胃癌类器官生长抑制呈梯度相关性(图6A、B、C)。
在过去的几十年中,胃癌一直作为发病率和病死率较高的恶性肿瘤存在[9-10]。尽管胃癌发病率较高,但因缺乏特异性临床体征,导致超过70%的患者在初次诊断时已处晚期,且预后不良。随着靶向治疗的进步,目前已推出包括抗人类上皮生长因子受体-2(human epidermal growth factor receptor 2,HER2)和抗血管内皮生长因子(vascular endothelial growth factor,VEGF)等多种分子靶向药物,且已明确展现出分子靶向治疗在胃癌中的个体化优势[11]
转录因子RUNX1由定位于染色体21q22的RUNX1基因编码,其已被证实可通过RUNX1-Stat3轴参与调控上皮组织肿瘤发生过程[12]。在卵巢癌中,RUNX1有助于细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭[5]。在食管癌中,RUNX1的转录本RUNX1a已被证实可促进细胞增殖和肿瘤生长[13]。与上述不同的是,RUNX1在乳腺癌中似乎表现出既是促癌基因又是抑癌基因的双重身份,RUNX1表达的下调可促进雌激素受体阳性(ER+)乳腺癌细胞的增长和干细胞标志物的表达,但在雌激素受体阴性(ER-)乳腺癌细胞中这种增长促进效应却并未出现[14-16]
本研究通过生物信息学分析发现RUNX1在胃癌中呈异常高表达,其诊断胃癌ROC曲线的AUC达0.956,高度提示其作为潜在分子标志物的重要性;进一步通过提取6对胃癌组织与癌旁组织蛋白,验证了胃癌组织中RUNX1呈高表达,初步确认其为胃癌的致癌转录因子。为探索靶向RUNX1的治疗效果,筛选出RUNX1高表达的胃癌细胞,发现Ro24-7429可明显抑制RUNX1的表达。CCK-8、克隆形成实验、细胞划痕实验、Transwell实验等证实了靶向RUNX1的小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429在抑制胃癌细胞增殖、迁移、侵袭方面的效果。此外,本研究获取了RUNX1高表达的胃癌组织,成功构建了胃癌类器官模型。在给予特定浓度的Ro24-7429后,类器官生长明显受到抑制,进一步证实了Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞生长的调控作用,并填补了仅依赖细胞系实验的局限性。结合既往研究和文献报道,RUNX1能够诱导癌症相关成纤维细胞(cancer-associated fibroblasts,CAFs)的激活,并推动正常成纤维细胞向CAFs的转变[17-18],而CAFs的激活与诱导能够促进肿瘤细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)的纤维化过程,进而改变肿瘤细胞的迁移、侵袭和生长特性[19-20]。此外,这一过程通过改变肿瘤微环境(tumor micro-environment,TME)的结构特征,可进一步促使肿瘤细胞表现为侵袭性和耐药性更强的恶性表型[19]。此外有研究指出,通过抑制RUNX1可阻止成纤维细胞向肌成纤维细胞的转化,从而有效抑制胶原的过度沉积,延缓异常的组织纤维化[21]。而Ro24-7429已被证实能够通过抑制炎症反应来有效延缓组织纤维化[8]。由此推测,Ro24-7429可能通过抑制胃癌ECM的纤维化进程,从而发挥其潜在的抗癌效应。
本研究存在一定局限性:尽管细胞系和类器官模型能部分模拟肿瘤病理状态和药物干预效果,但无法完全反映患者体内的复杂生理环境和交互作用;Ro24-7429尽管表现出明显的靶向治疗潜力,但鉴于其较高的给药浓度,仍需后续对其进行结构优化以增强效能和特异性,同时,其药物毒性效应仍需详细评估。
综上所述,本研究结果显示,RUNX1作为胃癌的潜在分子标志物,在细胞和类器官模型中小分子抑制剂Ro24-7429对胃癌细胞增殖、迁移和侵袭具有抑制作用,突显了RUNX1作为靶向治疗策略的潜力。
  • 国家自然科学基金(32170729)
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.1271.2024.0316
  • 接收时间:2023-09-20
  • 首发时间:2025-11-20
  • 出版时间:2024-12-28
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  • 收稿日期:2023-09-20
  • 录用日期:2023-10-20
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32170729)
国家自然科学基金(32170729)
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    兰州大学第二医院普通外科,甘肃兰州 730030

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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