Article(id=1194649187678659519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194643387904136153, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0422.2024.0104, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1679328000000, receivedDateStr=2023-03-21, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1700064000000, acceptedDateStr=2023-11-16, onlineDate=1762756161851, onlineDateStr=2025-11-10, pubDate=1737993600000, pubDateStr=2025-01-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762756161851, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762756161851, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762756161851, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1194643387904136153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2025', volume='50', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='120', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1762754779076, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762756450259, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1194650397408203370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194643387904136153, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1194650397408203371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194643387904136153, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=76, endPage=82, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1194649187913540545, articleId=1194649187678659519, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Effect and mechanism of miR-373-3p in diabetic retinopathy, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-373-3p in diabetic retinopathy (DR), as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methods Serum samples from 35 DR patients and 35 non-DR patients visiting Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital from February 2021 to February 2022 were collected, and expression levels of miR-373-3p and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) mRNA were detected using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). An in vitro DR model was constructed using high glucose (HG)-treated human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMEC). HRMECs were divided into control group (5 mmol/L glucose and 25 mmol/L mannitol treatment), HG group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment), HG+miR-373-3p mimic-negative control (miR-con) group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment after transfection with miR-con), HG+miR-373-3p mimic group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment after transfection with miR-373-3p), HG+miR-373-3p+vector group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment after co-transfection with miR-373-3p and vector), and HG+miR-373-3p+vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment after co-transfection with miR-373-3p and VEGFA). The expression levels of miR-373-3p, VEGFA mRNA and protein were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. CCK-8, immunofluorescence, Transwell assay, angiogenesis assay, and Western blotting were used to evaluate HRMEC proliferation, migration and angiogenesis abilities. The relationship between miR-373-3p and VEGFA was determined by dual luciferase reporter assay. Results Compared with non-DR patients, DR patients exhibited significantly lower expression levels of miR-373-3p (P<0.05) and higher expression levels of VEGFA mRNA (P<0.05) in serum. Compared with control group, HG group showed decreased expression of miR-373-3p (P<0.05), increased expressions of the mRNA and protein of VEGFA (P<0.05), higher cell viability, proliferation rate, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Cylin D1 protein, and numbers of migrating cells and angiogenesis ability (P<0.05) in HRMECs. Compared with HG+miR-con group, HG+miR-373-3p group showed increased expression of miR-373-3p (P<0.05), decreased expressions of VEGFA (P<0.05), lower cell viability, proliferation rate, PCNA and Cylin D1 protein (P<0.05), and lower numbers of migrating cells and angiogenesis ability (P<0.05) in HRMECs. Compared with HG+miR-373-3p+vector group, HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA group showed increased expression of VEGFA (P<0.05), higher cell viability, proliferation rate, PCNA and Cylin D1 protein, and numbers of migrating cells and angiogenesis ability (P<0.05) in HRMECs. The results of dual luciferase reporter assay showed decreased enzymatic activity of luciferase after cotransfection of miR-373-3p and VEGFA sequence (P<0.05). Conclusion MiR-373-3p is lowly expressed in the serum of DR patients, and its potential mechanism may involve targeting VEGFA to inhibit HG-induced HRMEC dysfunction.

, correspAuthors=Lin-Chang Zhang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 探讨miR-373-3p在糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)中的作用及其机制。方法 收集2021年2月-2022年2月在天津市第五中心医院就诊的35例DR患者及35例非DR患者的血清,qRT-PCR检测miR-373-3p和血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA) mRNA的表达情况。采用高糖(HG)处理人视网膜微血管内皮细胞(HRMEC)构建体外DR模型。将HRMEC分为对照组(5 mmol/L葡萄糖和25 mmol/L甘露醇处理)、HG组(30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、HG+miR-373-3p模拟物阴性对照(miR-con)组(转染miR-con后用30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、HG+miR-373-3p组(转染miR-373-3p后用30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、HG+miR-373-3p+vector组(转染miR-373-3p和vector后用30 mmol/L的葡萄糖处理)和HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA组(转染miR-373-3p和VEGFA后用30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)。采用qRT-PCR和Western blotting分析各组miR-373-3p和VEGFA mRNA及蛋白表达水平。采用CCK-8法、免疫荧光、Transwell实验、血管形成实验和Western blotting检测HRMEC的增殖、迁移及血管生成能力。采用双荧光素酶测定miR-373-3p与VEGFA之间的关系。结果 与非DR患者比较,DR患者血清中miR-373-3p表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),VEGFA mRNA表达水平明显升高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,HG组HRMEC miR-373-3p表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),VEGFA mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),细胞活力、细胞增殖率以及增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、细胞周期蛋白D1(Cyclin D1)水平均增高(P<0.05),迁移细胞数量和血管形成能力上升(P<0.05)。与HG+miR-con组比较,HG+miR-373-3p组HRMEC中miR-373-3p表达水平升高(P<0.05),VEGFA表达水平降低(P<0.05),细胞活力、细胞增殖率以及PCNA、Cyclin D1蛋白水平降低(P<0.05),迁移细胞数量和血管形成能力下降(P<0.05)。与HG+miR-373-3p+vector组比较,HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA组HRMEC VEGFA表达水平升高(P<0.05),细胞活力、细胞增殖率以及PCNA、Cyclin D1蛋白水平均增高(P<0.05),迁移细胞数量和血管形成能力上升(P<0.05)。双荧光素酶报告基因检测结果显示,miR-373-3p和VEGFA序列共转染后,HRMEC中荧光素酶活性降低(P<0.05)。结论 miR-373-3p在DR患者血清中低表达,其可能的机制是通过靶向VEGFA抑制HG诱导的HRMEC功能障碍。

, correspAuthors=张林昌, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
张林昌,E-mail:
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贾佳,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事眼科学方面的研究

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贾佳,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事眼科学方面的研究

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Cell Stress Chaperones, 2020, 25(5): 767-777., articleTitle=Inhibition of hsa_circ_0002570 suppresses high-glucose-induced angiogenesis and inflammation in retinal microvascular endothelial cells through miR-1243/angiomotin axis, refAbstract=null)], funds=null, companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194661917907194397, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194661917915583006, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, companyId=1194661917907194397, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital/Peking University Binhai Hospital, Tianjin 300450, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194661917923971615, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, companyId=1194661917907194397, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=天津市第五中心医院/北京大学滨海医院眼科,天津 300450)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1194661919383589433, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Expression levels of miR-373-3p and VEGFA in each group of HRMECs, figureFileSmall=85ZtF9PtJo4SnXVGfax8LA==, figureFileBig=8YQSJhZMaBuRZm9QR8jn4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194661919450698298, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=CN, label=图1, caption=各组HRMEC细胞中miR-373-3p和VEGFA表达水平比较

HRMEC. 人视网膜微血管内皮细胞;HG. 高糖;VEGFA. 血管内皮生长因子A;A. miR-373-3p表达水平(qRT-PCR);B. VEGFA mRNA表达水平(qRT-PCR);C. VEGFA蛋白表达水平(Western blotting);与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与HG+miR-con组比较,(2)P<0.05;与HG+miR-373-3p+vector组比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=85ZtF9PtJo4SnXVGfax8LA==, figureFileBig=8YQSJhZMaBuRZm9QR8jn4Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194661919538778683, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effects of miR-373-3p on proliferation of HRMECs induced by high glucose, figureFileSmall=b7Yr8YAKDg57O8Az4zp1qg==, figureFileBig=ryLXO8IeTvYa5FP2S3lUAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194661919601693244, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=CN, label=图2, caption=miR-373-3p对HRMEC中HG诱导的细胞增殖的影响

HRMEC. 人视网膜微血管内皮细胞;HG. 高糖;PCNA. 增殖细胞核抗原;Cyclin D1. 细胞周期蛋白D1;A. 各组细胞活力比较;B. 各组Ki-67标记的细胞增殖情况(免疫荧光染色,×200);C. 各组PCNA、Cyclin D1蛋白表达水平比较(Western blotting);与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与HG+miR-con组比较,(2)P<0.05;与HG+miR-373-3p+vector组比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=b7Yr8YAKDg57O8Az4zp1qg==, figureFileBig=ryLXO8IeTvYa5FP2S3lUAQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194661919668802109, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of miR-373-3p on cell migration and angiogenesis of HRMEC induced by high glucose, figureFileSmall=y6cA0thVp4BJgkwYyHFD+w==, figureFileBig=f/wcPajjjwJQJNtQmgk/kA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194661919731716670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=CN, label=图3, caption=miR-373-3p对HRMEC中HG诱导的细胞迁移和血管生成的影响

HRMEC. 人视网膜微血管内皮细胞;HG. 高糖;TGF-β1. 转化生长因子-β1;Ang-1. 血管生成素1;A. Transwell评估细胞迁移(×200);B. 血管形成实验评估血管生成的管状结构与管分支长度(×200);C. TGF-β1、Ang-1蛋白表达水平(Western blotting);与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05;与HG+miR-con组比较,(2)P<0.05;与HG+miR-373-3p+vector组比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=y6cA0thVp4BJgkwYyHFD+w==, figureFileBig=f/wcPajjjwJQJNtQmgk/kA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194661922642563647, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=The binding sites of VEGFA 3'-UTR and miR-373-3p predicted by Targetscan software, figureFileSmall=9OVyIC7ftc8RwbeB1nGuEA==, figureFileBig=G5TfFynsT7l5LT8eYh6aCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194661922730644032, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=CN, label=图4, caption=Targetscan软件预测VEGFA 3'-UTR与miR-373-3p的结合位点

VEGFA. 血管内皮生长因子A

, figureFileSmall=9OVyIC7ftc8RwbeB1nGuEA==, figureFileBig=G5TfFynsT7l5LT8eYh6aCw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194661922785169985, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparison of clinical data between two groups of patients

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目

非DR组

(n=35)

DR组

(n=35)

P
性别[例(%)] 0.631
18(51.4) 20(57.1)
17(48.6) 15(42.9)
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$) 58.84±8.92 59.02±9.16 0.934
糖尿病病程(年, $\bar{x}±s$) 0 3.10±1.25 <0.001
BMI(kg/cm2, $\bar{x}±s$) 25.13±2.70 24.98±2.81 0.821
空腹血糖(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.54±0.68 9.67±1.14 <0.001
糖化血红蛋白(%, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.39±0.58 9.54±0.92 <0.001
血肌酐(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 67.46±8.12 65.73±9.05 0.403
血尿素氮(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.58±0.63 5.82±0.85 0.184
三酰甘油(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.50±1.25 1.71±1.36 0.504
高密度脂蛋白(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.64±0.58 1.80±0.87 0.369
低密度脂蛋白(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.79±0.62 2.85±0.79 0.725
), ArticleFig(id=1194661922860667458, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194649187678659519, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

两组患者临床资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
项目

非DR组

(n=35)

DR组

(n=35)

P
性别[例(%)] 0.631
18(51.4) 20(57.1)
17(48.6) 15(42.9)
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$) 58.84±8.92 59.02±9.16 0.934
糖尿病病程(年, $\bar{x}±s$) 0 3.10±1.25 <0.001
BMI(kg/cm2, $\bar{x}±s$) 25.13±2.70 24.98±2.81 0.821
空腹血糖(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.54±0.68 9.67±1.14 <0.001
糖化血红蛋白(%, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.39±0.58 9.54±0.92 <0.001
血肌酐(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 67.46±8.12 65.73±9.05 0.403
血尿素氮(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.58±0.63 5.82±0.85 0.184
三酰甘油(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.50±1.25 1.71±1.36 0.504
高密度脂蛋白(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.64±0.58 1.80±0.87 0.369
低密度脂蛋白(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.79±0.62 2.85±0.79 0.725
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miR-373-3p在糖尿病视网膜病变中的作用及其机制
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贾佳 , 张林昌 * , 张海霞
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2025,50(1): 76-82
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2025, 50(1): 76-82
miR-373-3p在糖尿病视网膜病变中的作用及其机制
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贾佳, 张林昌* , 张海霞
作者信息
  • 天津市第五中心医院/北京大学滨海医院眼科,天津 300450
  • 贾佳,硕士研究生,主治医师,主要从事眼科学方面的研究

通讯作者:

张林昌,E-mail:
Effect and mechanism of miR-373-3p in diabetic retinopathy
Jia Jia, Lin-Chang Zhang* , Hai-Xia Zhang
Affiliations
  • Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital/Peking University Binhai Hospital, Tianjin 300450, China
出版时间: 2025-01-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0422.2024.0104
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目的 探讨miR-373-3p在糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)中的作用及其机制。方法 收集2021年2月-2022年2月在天津市第五中心医院就诊的35例DR患者及35例非DR患者的血清,qRT-PCR检测miR-373-3p和血管内皮生长因子A(VEGFA) mRNA的表达情况。采用高糖(HG)处理人视网膜微血管内皮细胞(HRMEC)构建体外DR模型。将HRMEC分为对照组(5 mmol/L葡萄糖和25 mmol/L甘露醇处理)、HG组(30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、HG+miR-373-3p模拟物阴性对照(miR-con)组(转染miR-con后用30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、HG+miR-373-3p组(转染miR-373-3p后用30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、HG+miR-373-3p+vector组(转染miR-373-3p和vector后用30 mmol/L的葡萄糖处理)和HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA组(转染miR-373-3p和VEGFA后用30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)。采用qRT-PCR和Western blotting分析各组miR-373-3p和VEGFA mRNA及蛋白表达水平。采用CCK-8法、免疫荧光、Transwell实验、血管形成实验和Western blotting检测HRMEC的增殖、迁移及血管生成能力。采用双荧光素酶测定miR-373-3p与VEGFA之间的关系。结果 与非DR患者比较,DR患者血清中miR-373-3p表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),VEGFA mRNA表达水平明显升高(P<0.05)。与对照组比较,HG组HRMEC miR-373-3p表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),VEGFA mRNA和蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05),细胞活力、细胞增殖率以及增殖细胞核抗原(PCNA)、细胞周期蛋白D1(Cyclin D1)水平均增高(P<0.05),迁移细胞数量和血管形成能力上升(P<0.05)。与HG+miR-con组比较,HG+miR-373-3p组HRMEC中miR-373-3p表达水平升高(P<0.05),VEGFA表达水平降低(P<0.05),细胞活力、细胞增殖率以及PCNA、Cyclin D1蛋白水平降低(P<0.05),迁移细胞数量和血管形成能力下降(P<0.05)。与HG+miR-373-3p+vector组比较,HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA组HRMEC VEGFA表达水平升高(P<0.05),细胞活力、细胞增殖率以及PCNA、Cyclin D1蛋白水平均增高(P<0.05),迁移细胞数量和血管形成能力上升(P<0.05)。双荧光素酶报告基因检测结果显示,miR-373-3p和VEGFA序列共转染后,HRMEC中荧光素酶活性降低(P<0.05)。结论 miR-373-3p在DR患者血清中低表达,其可能的机制是通过靶向VEGFA抑制HG诱导的HRMEC功能障碍。

miR-373-3p  /  糖尿病视网膜病变  /  血管内皮生长因子A  /  高糖  /  人视网膜微血管内皮细胞

Objective To investigate the effect of miR-373-3p in diabetic retinopathy (DR), as well as the underlying mechanisms. Methods Serum samples from 35 DR patients and 35 non-DR patients visiting Tianjin Fifth Central Hospital from February 2021 to February 2022 were collected, and expression levels of miR-373-3p and vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) mRNA were detected using quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). An in vitro DR model was constructed using high glucose (HG)-treated human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (HRMEC). HRMECs were divided into control group (5 mmol/L glucose and 25 mmol/L mannitol treatment), HG group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment), HG+miR-373-3p mimic-negative control (miR-con) group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment after transfection with miR-con), HG+miR-373-3p mimic group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment after transfection with miR-373-3p), HG+miR-373-3p+vector group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment after co-transfection with miR-373-3p and vector), and HG+miR-373-3p+vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA) group (30 mmol/L glucose treatment after co-transfection with miR-373-3p and VEGFA). The expression levels of miR-373-3p, VEGFA mRNA and protein were analyzed by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. CCK-8, immunofluorescence, Transwell assay, angiogenesis assay, and Western blotting were used to evaluate HRMEC proliferation, migration and angiogenesis abilities. The relationship between miR-373-3p and VEGFA was determined by dual luciferase reporter assay. Results Compared with non-DR patients, DR patients exhibited significantly lower expression levels of miR-373-3p (P<0.05) and higher expression levels of VEGFA mRNA (P<0.05) in serum. Compared with control group, HG group showed decreased expression of miR-373-3p (P<0.05), increased expressions of the mRNA and protein of VEGFA (P<0.05), higher cell viability, proliferation rate, proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and Cylin D1 protein, and numbers of migrating cells and angiogenesis ability (P<0.05) in HRMECs. Compared with HG+miR-con group, HG+miR-373-3p group showed increased expression of miR-373-3p (P<0.05), decreased expressions of VEGFA (P<0.05), lower cell viability, proliferation rate, PCNA and Cylin D1 protein (P<0.05), and lower numbers of migrating cells and angiogenesis ability (P<0.05) in HRMECs. Compared with HG+miR-373-3p+vector group, HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA group showed increased expression of VEGFA (P<0.05), higher cell viability, proliferation rate, PCNA and Cylin D1 protein, and numbers of migrating cells and angiogenesis ability (P<0.05) in HRMECs. The results of dual luciferase reporter assay showed decreased enzymatic activity of luciferase after cotransfection of miR-373-3p and VEGFA sequence (P<0.05). Conclusion MiR-373-3p is lowly expressed in the serum of DR patients, and its potential mechanism may involve targeting VEGFA to inhibit HG-induced HRMEC dysfunction.

miR-373-3p  /  diabetic retinopathy  /  vascular endothelial growth factor A  /  high glucose  /  retinal microvascular endothelial cells
贾佳, 张林昌, 张海霞. miR-373-3p在糖尿病视网膜病变中的作用及其机制. 解放军医学杂志, 2025 , 50 (1) : 76 -82 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0422.2024.0104
Jia Jia, Lin-Chang Zhang, Hai-Xia Zhang. Effect and mechanism of miR-373-3p in diabetic retinopathy[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2025 , 50 (1) : 76 -82 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0422.2024.0104
糖尿病视网膜病变(diabetic retinopathy,DR)是糖尿病的常见并发症,也是糖尿病患者视力障碍和失明的重要病因[1]。DR的早期特征包括血-视网膜屏障(blood-retina barrier,BRB)破坏、毛细血管无细胞性和周细胞丢失,高糖是导致DR进展的主要因素之一[2-3]。近年来DR的诊断和治疗取得了重要进展,但仍是视力丧失的主要病因之一。微小RNA(microRNA,miRNA)是一类小而短的非编码RNA,可与信使RNA(mRNA)的3'-UTR结合,参与各种生理和病理过程的调控[4]。血管内皮生长因子A(vascular endothelial growth factor A,VEGFA)是血管生成的主要驱动力[5],VEGFA高表达会促进DR发展[6]。我们采用生物信息学(Targetscan,https://www.targetscan.org/vert_72/)分析结果显示VEGFA为miR-373-3p的潜在靶基因,据此推测miR-373-3p可能通过靶向VEGFA抑制高糖诱导的人视网膜微血管内皮细胞(HRMEC)损伤。本研究选择高糖诱导的HRMEC作为DR的体外细胞模型,探究miR-373-3p在DR发展中的作用及其潜在机制,以期为DR的靶向治疗提供参考。
选取2021年2月-2022年2月在天津市第五中心医院就诊并被诊断为DR的35例患者,收集其血清样本。排除年龄<18岁、从其他医院转院、患有癌症、患有血液系统恶性肿瘤、怀孕或哺乳期的患者。另外,采集同一时期在本院健康体检的非DR患者(n=35)的血清样本作为对照。本研究方案获天津市第五中心医院伦理委员会的批准(20210103),所有研究对象均知情同意。
HRMEC(ACBRI 181)购自美国Cell System;TRIzol(R401-01)、CCK-8细胞增殖检测试剂盒(A311-01)购自南京Vazyme;SuperSYBR One Step qRT-PCR检测试剂盒购自北京百奥莱博科技公司;青霉素-链霉素混合溶液(GD-Y1033)购自上海古朵生物公司;DMEM培养基(QSRA5497)购自上海钦诚生物科技有限公司;miR-373-3p模拟物(miR-373-3p)与其阴性对照(miR-con)、pcDNA3.1-VEGFA过表达(VEGFA)与其空白载体质粒pcDNA3.1(vector)均由上海GenePharma制备合成;RIPA裂解液(89900)、电化学发光(electrochemical luminescent,ECL)试剂盒(WP20005)购自美国ThermoFisher公司;兔抗VEGFA多克隆抗体(ab46154)、兔抗增殖细胞核抗原(proliferating cell nuclear antigen,PCNA)单克隆抗体(ab92552)、兔抗细胞周期蛋白D1(Cyclin D1)单克隆抗体(ab16663)、兔抗β-actin多克隆抗体(ab8227)、兔抗转化生长因子-β1(transforming growth factor-β1,TGF-β1)单克隆抗体(ab215715)、兔抗血管生成素1(angiopoietin 1,Ang-1)单克隆抗体(ab183701)、兔抗β-tubulin多克隆抗体(ab6046)、兔抗Ki-67多克隆抗体(ab15580)均购自英国Abcam公司;基质胶(356234)、Transwell(3421)均购自美国Corning公司;双荧光素酶报告基因分析系统(GM-040502A)购自上海泽叶生物科技有限公司。
HRMEC细胞于37 ℃,5% CO2环境在含有10%胎牛血清、1%抗生素的DMEM培养基中培养。将HRMEC细胞分为对照组(5 mmol/L葡萄糖和25 mmol/L甘露醇处理)[7]、高糖(HG)组(30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)[8]、HG+miR-con组(转染miR-con后30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、HG+miR-373-3p组(转染miR-373-3p后30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)、HG+miR-373-3p+vector组(转染miR-373-3p和vector后30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理)和HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA组(转染miR-373-3p和VEGFA后30 mmol/L葡萄糖处理),所有细胞均处理48 h。
用TRIzol试剂提取总RNA,将RNA经反转录获得cDNA;使用ProFlex PCR系统(美国Thermo Fisher公司)按照SuperSYBR One Step试剂盒通过特异性引物、cDNA进行qRT-PCR检测。用2-ΔΔct法分析mRNA和miRNA的表达水平。GAPDH和U6分别用作mRNA或miRNA的内参照。引物序列如下:miR-373-3p(5'-3'):正向GGCGGAAGTGCTTCGATTTT,反向GTGCAGGGTCCGAGGTATTC;VEGFA(5'-3'):正向AGGGCAGAATCATCACGAAGT,反向AGGGTCTCGATTGGATGGCA;GAPDH(5'-3'):正向CCGTTGAATTTGCCGTGA,反向TGATGACCCTTTTGGCTCCC;U6(5'-3'):正向CTCGCTTCGGCAGCACA,反向AACGCTTCACGAATTTGCGT。
使用RIPA裂解液收集细胞裂解物,通过十二烷基硫酸钠-聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳分离蛋白,并将蛋白质转移到膜上。将膜与VEGFA(1∶1000)、PCNA(1∶1000)、Cyclin D1(1∶500)、β-actin(1∶1000)、TGF-β1(1∶1000)、Ang-1(1∶1000)和β-tubulin(1∶500)的一抗在4℃下孵育过夜。随后将膜与二抗(1∶5000)在室温下孵育2 h。β-actin和β-tubulin分别用作内参照。最后通过ECL法对蛋白质进行可视化,采用Image J软件进行定量分析。
将各组HRMEC细胞接种于96孔板(5×103个/孔),孵育24 h后在每孔中添加10 μl CCK-8溶液,孵育4 h后在450 nm处检测各孔细胞的吸光度(OD)值,用于表示细胞活力。
将各组HRMEC细胞接种于24孔板(1×104个/孔),24 h后4%多聚甲醛溶液固定15 min,5%胎牛血清封闭1 h。将细胞与兔抗Ki-67一抗(1:500)在4 ℃下孵育过夜。添加山羊抗兔IgG二抗(1:200),在室温下孵育1 h。最后,经DAPI染色5 min后用甘油固定。采用荧光显微镜分析细胞增殖情况。细胞增殖率(%)=Ki-67染色细胞/DAPI染色总细胞×100%。
将各组HRMEC细胞数通过无血清培养基调整为1×105个/ml。吸取200 μl接种到Transwell小室上室中,并在下室中添加500 μl正常培养基,48 h后将进入下室的细胞经甲醇固定,用结晶紫染色。最后在Eclipse Ti倒置显微镜(日本Nikon公司)下观察并统计视野中迁移的细胞数。
将300 μl基质胶置于24孔板底部,并将按照上述处理的各组HRMEC(2×104个/孔)细胞接种到孔中。20 h后,在倒置显微镜下观察毛细血管样的结构。最后采用ImageJ软件评估毛细管状结构的分支长度。
将经过Targetscan预测含有miR-373-3p结合位点(WT)或突变位点(MUT)的VEGFA序列分别克隆到psiCHECK2载体中,构建VEGFA-WT或VEGFA-MUT。将这些构建的载体分别与miR-373-3p或miR-con共同转染至HRMEC中48 h,最后通过双荧光素酶报告基因分析系统检测荧光素酶活性。
采用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计分析。计量资料符合正态分布,以$\bar{x}±s$表示,两组间比较采用t检验,多组间比较采用单因素方差分析,进一步两两比较采用SNK-q检验。计数资料以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
DR组糖尿病病程、空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白均明显高于非DR组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),其他指标比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,表1)。qRT-PCR检测结果显示,与非DR患者比较,DR患者血清miR-373-3p表达水平明显降低(0.48±0.09 vs. 1.05±0.12,P<0.05),VEGFA mRNA表达水平明显升高(1.64±0.18 vs. 1.02±0.13,P<0.05)。
qRT-PCR和Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组比较,HG组HRMEC中miR-373-3p表达水平降低,VEGFA表达水平升高,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与HG+miR-con组比较,HG+miR-373-3p组HRMEC中miR-373-3p表达水平升高,VEGFA表达水平降低,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);与HG+miR-373-3p+vector组比较,HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA组HRMEC中miR-373-3p表达水平差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),VEGFA表达水平升高(P<0.05,图1)。
结果显示,与对照组比较,HG组HRMEC细胞活力、细胞增殖率以及PCNA、Cyclin D1蛋白水平均明显上调(P<0.05);与HG+miR-con组比较,HG+miR-373-3p组HRMEC细胞活力、细胞增殖率以及PCNA、Cyclin D1蛋白水平均明显下调(P<0.05);与HG+miR-373-3p+vector组比较,HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA组HRMEC细胞活力、细胞增殖率以及PCNA、Cyclin D1蛋白水平均明显上调(P<0.05,图2)。
Transwell实验、血管形成实验和Western blotting结果显示,与对照组比较,HG组HRMEC迁移细胞数量、血管形成能力及TGF-β1、Ang-1蛋白水平均明显上调(P<0.05);与HG+miR-con组比较,HG+miR-373-3p组HRMEC迁移细胞数量、血管形成能力以及TGF-β1、Ang-1蛋白水平均明显下调(P<0.05);与HG+miR-373-3p+vector组比较,HG+miR-373-3p+VEGFA组HRMEC迁移细胞数量、血管形成能力以及TGF-β1、Ang-1蛋白水平均明显上调(P<0.05,图3)。
Targetscan软件的预测结果显示,miR-373-3p与VEGFA 3'-UTR存在结合位点(图4)。双荧光素酶报告基因检测结果显示,与miR-con组比较,miR-373-3p组HRMEC中共转染VEGFA-WT后荧光素酶相对活性明显降低(0.34±0.05 vs. 1.05±0.04,P<0.05);而共转染VEGFA-MUT后荧光素酶活性变化无统计学意义(0.95±0.08 vs. 0.98±0.07,P>0.05)。
DR可发生于大多数糖尿病患者,是成人失明的重要病因[2]。目前可用于减缓DR发展的临床治疗方法选择很少,因此迫切需要了解DR的调控机制,开发新的延缓DR进展的治疗方法。在DR早期,在高糖的不利影响下HRMEC受损后可导致BRB功能障碍并加速DR进展[9]。因此,高糖处理的HRMEC被用作DR的体外模型来探索特定基因对DR的影响[10]。miRNA在DR的发生和发展中可发挥关键作用。例如,miR-124-3p可靶向GTP酶激活蛋白SH3功能区结合蛋白2(GTPase activating protein SH3 binding protein 2,G3BP2)抑制高糖诱导的HRMEC功能障碍[10]。既往研究发现,miR-373-3p可在宫颈癌等多种人类癌症中发挥抗肿瘤基因的作用[11];miR-373-3p在糖尿病患者中的差异性表达与血管生成有关[12]。miR-138-5p通过调节核因子κB(nuclear factor kappa-B,NF-κB)信号通路对DR大鼠发挥保护作用[13]。循环miR-3197和miR-2116-5p与DR相关[14]。miR-181通过靶向Krüppel样因子6增强视网膜内皮细胞的增殖和迁移能力,进而促进DR的发展[15]。近期研究报道miR-373-3p可参与多种疾病的调控,如癌症和骨关节炎等[11,16]
本研究检测miR-373-3p在DR患者及高糖诱导的HRMEC(一种DR的体外模型)中的表达,观察miR-373-3p对HRMEC增殖、迁移和血管生成的影响,并试图揭示这些现象背后的调控机制。结果显示,miR-373-3p在DR患者血清及高糖处理的HRMEC中下调;细胞功能实验结果显示,miR-373-3p过表达可抑制HRMEC细胞增殖、迁移和血管形成,同时抑制细胞增殖相关蛋白(PCNA、Cyclin D1)[11]和血管生成相关蛋白(TGF-β1和Ang-1)[9]的表达,从而减轻高糖诱导的HRMEC损伤。既往研究显示,miR-373-3p在多种疾病中具有抑制细胞损伤的作用,与本研究结果一致。例如,miR-373-3p的过表达可降低滋养层细胞的迁移和侵袭能力[17];上调miR-373-3p可减轻脓毒症诱导的急性肝细胞损伤[18]。以上结果提示miR-373-3p可减轻高糖诱导的HRMEC损伤,可能成为DR的潜在干预靶点。
miRNA通过与靶基因的3'-非翻译区(3'-UTR)结合,可引起靶基因表达水平的改变,调节多种细胞过程。本研究通过在线生物信息学数据库对miR-373-3p的靶基因进行预测,结果显示VEGFA的3'-UTR与miR-373-3p存在互补的结合位点,VEGFA被鉴定为HRMEC中miR-373-3p的下游靶标。VEGFA是VEGF家族中分布广泛的成员,是一种促血管生成的糖蛋白,可参与内皮细胞的增殖、迁移[9]。在增殖性DR中,VEGFA可作为miR-203a-3p的靶基因参与视网膜血管生成[19]。此外,VEGFA在DR患者及高糖处理的HRMEC中明显高表达,介导糖尿病视网膜微血管病变的恶化[20],与本研究结果一致。本研究结果还显示,VEGFA可调控PCNA、Cyclin D1、TGF-β1和Ang-1蛋白水平,促进HRMEC增殖、迁移和血管生成,进而削弱miR-373-3p对高糖诱导的HRMEC损伤的保护作用。上述结果提示miR-373-3p可能通过靶向VEGFA来减轻高糖诱导的HRMEC损伤。
本研究采用高糖处理HRMEC 48 h作为DR模型,考虑到DR的进展涉及长期的高血糖,这一模型可能难以全面反映DR的相关机制,故而这种DR细胞模型虽被广泛使用和接受,仍存在局限性[21]。因此,未来的DR细胞模型有必要采用长时间(甚至可能超过10年)、高水平(波动水平)的葡萄糖处理,但目前尚难以实现。
综上所述,本研究结果显示,miR-373-3p可通过靶向VEGFA来减轻高糖处理的HRMEC细胞损伤,具有开发DR新疗法的潜力。然而,由于DR的发展涉及多基因、多靶点、多途径,仍需要更多的相关研究以进一步探究和验证。
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0422.2024.0104
  • 接收时间:2023-03-21
  • 首发时间:2025-11-10
  • 出版时间:2025-01-28
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  • 收稿日期:2023-03-21
  • 录用日期:2023-11-16
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    天津市第五中心医院/北京大学滨海医院眼科,天津 300450

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张林昌,E-mail:
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
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