Article(id=1194643390588493991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194643387904136153, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0016.2024.0730, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=null, receivedDate=1704988800000, receivedDateStr=2024-01-12, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1706025600000, acceptedDateStr=2024-01-24, onlineDate=1762754779717, onlineDateStr=2025-11-10, pubDate=1737993600000, pubDateStr=2025-01-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762754779717, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762754779717, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762754779717, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1194643387904136153, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2025', volume='50', issue='1', pageStart='1', pageEnd='120', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1762754779076, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762756450259, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1194650397408203370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194643387904136153, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1194650397408203371, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194643387904136153, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=28, endPage=34, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1194643390794014893, articleId=1194643390588493991, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Correlation between gallbladder stones and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To explore the correlation between gallbladder stones and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 393 patients who attended the Department of Gastroenterology of the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2021 to September 2023. They were divided into gallbladder stones group (n=190) and control group (n=203) based on the presence of gallbladder stones. Their general clinical data, laboratory test results, and abdominal symptoms were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for gallbladder stones. Additionally, the total population was divided into SIBO-positive group (n=239) and SIBO-negative group (n=154), and their clinical characteristics were analyzed by logistic regression to explore the risk factors for SIBO. Results Univariate analysis revealed that gallbladder stones group had a higher rate of age, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glutaminase levels, prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gallbladder polyps, and SIBO, as well as a higher prevalence of CH4-positive and H2-positive in SIBO group than control group (P<0.05). In terms of abdominal symptoms, the incidence of bad breath (48.4% vs. 35.5%), dyspepsia (38.4% vs. 28.6%), abdominal pain (30.5% vs. 14.8%), bloating (42.1% vs. 28.6%), diarrhea (20.5% vs. 7.4%), and more exhaustion (46.8% vs. 34.5%) were significantly higher in gallbladder stones group than those in control group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that independent positive determinants for incident gallbladder stones were age, BMI, FPG, total bilirubin (TBIL), coronary heart disease, gallbladder polyps, and SIBO. Univariate analysis revealed that age, prevalence of gallbladder stones, proportion of single stones, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly higher in SIBO-positive group than those in SIBO-negative group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for SIBO were age, coronary heart disease, and gallbladder stones, while the protective factor for SIBO was high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Conclusion There is a significant correlation between gallbladder stones and small SIBO; interventions on related factors of gallbladder stones and small SIBO may help reduce their incidence.

, correspAuthors=Li-Hong Cui, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 分析胆囊结石与小肠细菌过度生长(SIBO)的相关性。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月-2023年9月于解放军总医院第六医学中心消化内科就诊的393例患者的临床资料,根据是否伴有胆囊结石将所有患者分为结石组(n=190)和非结石组(n=203),比较两组患者的一般临床资料、实验室检查结果及腹部症状,并采用多因素logistic回归分析胆囊结石的影响因素。根据乳果糖甲烷氢呼气试验结果将所有患者分为SIBO阳性组(n=239)和SIBO阴性组(n=154),比较两组患者的临床特征,并采用多因素logistic回归分析SIBO的影响因素。结果 结石组患者的年龄、体重指数(BMI)、血糖(FPG)、谷氨酰胺酶水平,高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、非酒精性脂肪性肝病、胆囊息肉、SIBO患病率,以及SIBO群体中甲烷(CH4)阳性+氢气(H2)阳性比例均明显高于非结石组(P<0.05),口腔异味(48.4% vs. 35.5%)、消化不良(38.4% vs. 28.6%)、腹痛(30.5% vs. 14.8%)、腹胀(42.1% vs. 28.6%)、腹泻(20.5% vs. 7.4%)、排气较多(46.8% vs. 34.5%)发生率也高于非结石组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄大、BMI增加、FPG水平升高、总胆红素(TBIL)水平升高、冠心病、胆囊息肉、SIBO阳性是胆囊结石的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。SIBO阳性组的年龄、胆囊结石患病率、单发结石比例及三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均高于SIBO阴性组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄大、冠心病、胆囊结石是SIBO的独立危险因素,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平增高是SIBO的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 胆囊结石与SIBO明显相关;对胆囊结石及SIBO相关危险因素进行干预,可能有助于降低其发生率。

, correspAuthors=崔立红, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
崔立红,E-mail:
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冼锐,硕士研究生,主要从事肠道微生态方面的研究

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冼锐,硕士研究生,主要从事肠道微生态方面的研究

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Arterioscler Thromb Vas Biol, 2016, 36(9): 1997-2003., articleTitle=Gallstones and risk of coronary heart disease: prospective analysis of 270 000 men and women from 3 US cohorts and Meta-analysis, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194661772922692548, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=2018, volume=63, issue=2, pageStart=412, pageEnd=421, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[26], rfOrder=25, authorNames=Fialho A, Fialho A, Kochhar G, journalName=Dig Dis Sci, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Fialho A, Fialho A, Kochhar G, et al. Association between small intestinal bacterial overgrowth by glucose breath test and coronary artery disease[J]. 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Int J Gen Med, 2023, 16: 813-822., articleTitle=Small intestinal bacterial overgrowth in patients with gallbladder polyps: a cross-sectional study, refAbstract=null), Reference(id=1194661774738826191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, doi=null, pmid=null, pmcid=null, year=1982, volume=43, issue=1, pageStart=227, pageEnd=232, url=null, language=null, rfNumber=[32], rfOrder=31, authorNames=Miller TL, Wolin MJ, Conway de Macario E, journalName=Appl Environ Microbiol, refType=null, unstructuredReference=Miller TL, Wolin MJ, Conway de Macario E, et al. Isolation of Methanobrevibacter smithii from human feces[J]. Appl Environ Microbiol, 1982, 43(1): 227-232., articleTitle=Isolation of Methanobrevibacter smithii from human feces, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1194661770238337919, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, awardId=82070553, language=EN, fundingSource=National Natural Science Foundation of China(82070553), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1194661770334806914, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, awardId=82070553, language=CN, fundingSource=国家自然科学基金(82070553), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1194661770443858821, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, awardId=2020-2-5113, language=EN, fundingSource=Capital Health Research and Development of Special Fund Program of China(2020-2-5113), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1194661770540327816, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, awardId=2020-2-5113, language=CN, fundingSource=首都卫生发展科研专项(首发)(2020-2-5113), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194661763732972286, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, xref=1, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194661763741360895, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, companyId=1194661763732972286, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194661763749749505, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, companyId=1194661763732972286, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=1华南理工大学医学院,广东广州 510006)]), AuthorCompany(id=1194661763829441282, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, xref=2, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194661763837829891, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, companyId=1194661763829441282, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2Department of Gastroenterology, the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194661763846218500, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, companyId=1194661763829441282, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=2解放军总医院第六医学中心消化内科,北京 100048)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1194661767868556131, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=

Comparision of clinical data between gallbladder stones group and control group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标 总体(n=393) 非结石组(n=203) 结石组(n=190) t/χ²/Z P
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$) 59.9±10.7 58.2±10.9 61.7±10.2 3.244 0.001
性别[例(%)] 2.241 0.134
143(36.4) 81(39.9) 62(32.6)
250(63.6) 122(60.1) 128(67.4)
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$) 23.67±3.51 23.14±3.21 24.25±3.72 3.173 0.002
吸烟[例(%)] 31(7.9) 13(6.4) 18(9.5) 0.554 0.457
高血压[例(%)] 130(33.1) 56(27.6) 74(38.9) 5.723 0.017
糖尿病[例(%)] 41(10.4) 13(6.4) 28(14.7) 7.293 0.007
冠心病[例(%)] 23(5.9) 6(3.0) 17(8.9) 6.395 0.011
NAFLD[例(%)] 155(39.4) 70(34.5) 85(44.7) 4.320 0.038
胆囊息肉[例(%)] 80(20.4) 30(14.8) 50(26.3) 8.058 0.005
FPG(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.50±1.03 5.33±0.80 5.68±1.21 3.346 0.001
ALB(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 40.62±3.30 40.52±3.16 40.74±3.45 0.646 0.518
TBIL(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 13.45±5.37 13.35±5.26 13.55±5.49 0.370 0.712
DBIL(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.80±1.28 2.71±1.34 2.88±1.21 1.292 0.197
TBA[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] 3.50(2.15, 5.75) 3.30(2.10, 5.60) 3.80(2.20, 5.85) 0.867 0.386
TG(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.43±0.82 1.39±0.73 1.48±0.90 1.138 0.256
TC(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 4.86±1.05 4.81±1.00 4.92±1.10 1.010 0.313
HDL-C(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.36±0.34 1.37±0.34 1.35±0.35 0.503 0.615
LDL-C(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.78±0.81 2.74±0.84 2.81±0.77 0.822 0.411
ALT(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 20.08±14.51 19.81±14.67 20.36±14.38 0.370 0.712
AST(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 21.81±9.84 21.18±7.51 22.49±11.81 1.304 0.193
GGT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)] 19.40(14.30, 27.35) 18.00(13.50, 25.70) 20.30(15.28, 30.70) 2.199 0.028
ALP(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 75.63±21.19 73.98±21.05 77.39±21.24 1.599 0.111
SIBO阳性[例(%)] 239(60.8) 111(54.7) 128(67.4) 6.631 0.010
仅H2阳性[例(%)] 120(30.5) 59(29.1) 61(32.1) 0.428 0.513
仅CH4阳性[例(%)] 39(9.9) 19(9.4) 20(10.5) 0.149 0.699
CH4阳性+H2阳性[例(%)] 80(20.4) 33(16.3) 47(24.7) 4.354 0.037
H2总值(ppm, $\bar{x}±s$) 224.84±154.29 206.96±130.57 243.94±174.48 2.367 0.018
CH4总值(ppm, $\bar{x}±s$) 111.74±47.63 103±26.64 121.19±61.58 3.738 <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1194661767990190949, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, language=CN, label=表1, caption=

胆囊结石组与非结石组患者的临床资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标 总体(n=393) 非结石组(n=203) 结石组(n=190) t/χ²/Z P
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$) 59.9±10.7 58.2±10.9 61.7±10.2 3.244 0.001
性别[例(%)] 2.241 0.134
143(36.4) 81(39.9) 62(32.6)
250(63.6) 122(60.1) 128(67.4)
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$) 23.67±3.51 23.14±3.21 24.25±3.72 3.173 0.002
吸烟[例(%)] 31(7.9) 13(6.4) 18(9.5) 0.554 0.457
高血压[例(%)] 130(33.1) 56(27.6) 74(38.9) 5.723 0.017
糖尿病[例(%)] 41(10.4) 13(6.4) 28(14.7) 7.293 0.007
冠心病[例(%)] 23(5.9) 6(3.0) 17(8.9) 6.395 0.011
NAFLD[例(%)] 155(39.4) 70(34.5) 85(44.7) 4.320 0.038
胆囊息肉[例(%)] 80(20.4) 30(14.8) 50(26.3) 8.058 0.005
FPG(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.50±1.03 5.33±0.80 5.68±1.21 3.346 0.001
ALB(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 40.62±3.30 40.52±3.16 40.74±3.45 0.646 0.518
TBIL(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 13.45±5.37 13.35±5.26 13.55±5.49 0.370 0.712
DBIL(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.80±1.28 2.71±1.34 2.88±1.21 1.292 0.197
TBA[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] 3.50(2.15, 5.75) 3.30(2.10, 5.60) 3.80(2.20, 5.85) 0.867 0.386
TG(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.43±0.82 1.39±0.73 1.48±0.90 1.138 0.256
TC(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 4.86±1.05 4.81±1.00 4.92±1.10 1.010 0.313
HDL-C(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.36±0.34 1.37±0.34 1.35±0.35 0.503 0.615
LDL-C(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.78±0.81 2.74±0.84 2.81±0.77 0.822 0.411
ALT(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 20.08±14.51 19.81±14.67 20.36±14.38 0.370 0.712
AST(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 21.81±9.84 21.18±7.51 22.49±11.81 1.304 0.193
GGT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)] 19.40(14.30, 27.35) 18.00(13.50, 25.70) 20.30(15.28, 30.70) 2.199 0.028
ALP(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 75.63±21.19 73.98±21.05 77.39±21.24 1.599 0.111
SIBO阳性[例(%)] 239(60.8) 111(54.7) 128(67.4) 6.631 0.010
仅H2阳性[例(%)] 120(30.5) 59(29.1) 61(32.1) 0.428 0.513
仅CH4阳性[例(%)] 39(9.9) 19(9.4) 20(10.5) 0.149 0.699
CH4阳性+H2阳性[例(%)] 80(20.4) 33(16.3) 47(24.7) 4.354 0.037
H2总值(ppm, $\bar{x}±s$) 224.84±154.29 206.96±130.57 243.94±174.48 2.367 0.018
CH4总值(ppm, $\bar{x}±s$) 111.74±47.63 103±26.64 121.19±61.58 3.738 <0.001
), ArticleFig(id=1194661768082465641, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=

Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for gallbladder stones

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 β SE Wald χ2 OR(95%CI) P
年龄 0.022 0.011 3.886 1.022(1.000~1.044) 0.049
BMI 0.080 0.032 6.177 1.083(1.017~1.154) 0.013
FPG 0.288 0.115 6.270 1.334(1.065~1.672) 0.012
TBIL 0.057 0.029 3.993 1.059(1.001~1.120) 0.046
冠心病 1.063 0.522 4.152 2.895(1.041~8.048) 0.042
胆囊息肉 0.584 0.271 4.631 1.793(1.054~3.053) 0.031
SIBO阳性 0.537 0.225 5.707 1.710(1.101~2.656) 0.017
), ArticleFig(id=1194661768166351724, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, language=CN, label=表2, caption=

多因素logistic回归分析胆囊结石的危险因素

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 β SE Wald χ2 OR(95%CI) P
年龄 0.022 0.011 3.886 1.022(1.000~1.044) 0.049
BMI 0.080 0.032 6.177 1.083(1.017~1.154) 0.013
FPG 0.288 0.115 6.270 1.334(1.065~1.672) 0.012
TBIL 0.057 0.029 3.993 1.059(1.001~1.120) 0.046
冠心病 1.063 0.522 4.152 2.895(1.041~8.048) 0.042
胆囊息肉 0.584 0.271 4.631 1.793(1.054~3.053) 0.031
SIBO阳性 0.537 0.225 5.707 1.710(1.101~2.656) 0.017
), ArticleFig(id=1194661768317346670, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=

Comparison of clinical data between SIBO-positive group and SIBO-negative group

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标 SIBO阳性组(n=239) SIBO阴性组(n=154) t/χ²/Z P
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$) 61.06±10.22 58.05±11.23 2.742 0.006
性别[例(%)] 1.137 0.286
82(34.3) 61(39.6)
157(65.7) 93(60.4)
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$) 23.72±3.34 23.60±3.77 0.335 0.738
吸烟[例(%)] 22(9.2) 9(5.8) 1.456 0.228
高血压[例(%)] 76(31.8) 54(35.1) 0.451 0.502
糖尿病[例(%)] 30(12.6) 11(7.1) 2.933 0.087
冠心病[例(%)] 12(5.0) 11(7.1) 1.729 0.188
NAFLD[例(%)] 98(41.0) 57(37.0) 0.625 0.429
胆囊息肉[例(%)] 48(20.1) 32(20.8) 0.028 0.867
胆囊结石[例(%)] 128(53.6) 62(40.3) 6.631 0.010
单发结石[例(%)] 52(21.8) 23(14.9) 6.831 0.033
胆石大小(cm, $\bar{x}±s$) 0.95±0.82 0.88±0.62 0.571 0.569
FPG(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.54±1.11 5.42±0.90 1.132 0.259
ALB(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 40.50±3.29 40.82±3.32 0.949 0.343
TBIL(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 13.76±5.67 13.25±5.16 0.921 0.358
DBIL(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.82±1.31 2.79±1.26 0.219 0.827
TBA[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] 3.40(2.20, 5.40) 3.70(2.10, 6.00) 0.540 0.590
TG(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.58±0.98 1.33±0.67 2.777 0.006
TC(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.07±1.08 4.74±1.01 3.081 0.002
HDL-C(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.34±0.34 1.40±0.34 1.485 0.138
LDL-C(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.90±0.82 2.69±0.78 2.561 0.011
ALT(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 20.75±17.00 19.64±12.67 0.739 0.460
AST(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 21.85±10.58 21.76±8.58 0.085 0.932
GGT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)] 18.50(14.30, 26.50) 20.55(14.20, 29.13) 0.871 0.384
ALP(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 75.97±21.34 75.41±21.13 0.257 0.797
), ArticleFig(id=1194661768455758704, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, language=CN, label=表3, caption=

SIBO阳性组与SIBO阴性组患者临床资料比较

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标 SIBO阳性组(n=239) SIBO阴性组(n=154) t/χ²/Z P
年龄(岁, $\bar{x}±s$) 61.06±10.22 58.05±11.23 2.742 0.006
性别[例(%)] 1.137 0.286
82(34.3) 61(39.6)
157(65.7) 93(60.4)
BMI(kg/m2, $\bar{x}±s$) 23.72±3.34 23.60±3.77 0.335 0.738
吸烟[例(%)] 22(9.2) 9(5.8) 1.456 0.228
高血压[例(%)] 76(31.8) 54(35.1) 0.451 0.502
糖尿病[例(%)] 30(12.6) 11(7.1) 2.933 0.087
冠心病[例(%)] 12(5.0) 11(7.1) 1.729 0.188
NAFLD[例(%)] 98(41.0) 57(37.0) 0.625 0.429
胆囊息肉[例(%)] 48(20.1) 32(20.8) 0.028 0.867
胆囊结石[例(%)] 128(53.6) 62(40.3) 6.631 0.010
单发结石[例(%)] 52(21.8) 23(14.9) 6.831 0.033
胆石大小(cm, $\bar{x}±s$) 0.95±0.82 0.88±0.62 0.571 0.569
FPG(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.54±1.11 5.42±0.90 1.132 0.259
ALB(g/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 40.50±3.29 40.82±3.32 0.949 0.343
TBIL(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 13.76±5.67 13.25±5.16 0.921 0.358
DBIL(μmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.82±1.31 2.79±1.26 0.219 0.827
TBA[μmol/L, M(Q1, Q3)] 3.40(2.20, 5.40) 3.70(2.10, 6.00) 0.540 0.590
TG(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.58±0.98 1.33±0.67 2.777 0.006
TC(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 5.07±1.08 4.74±1.01 3.081 0.002
HDL-C(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 1.34±0.34 1.40±0.34 1.485 0.138
LDL-C(mmol/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 2.90±0.82 2.69±0.78 2.561 0.011
ALT(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 20.75±17.00 19.64±12.67 0.739 0.460
AST(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 21.85±10.58 21.76±8.58 0.085 0.932
GGT[U/L, M(Q1, Q3)] 18.50(14.30, 26.50) 20.55(14.20, 29.13) 0.871 0.384
ALP(U/L, $\bar{x}±s$) 75.97±21.34 75.41±21.13 0.257 0.797
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Comparison of abdominal symptoms between gallbladder stones group and control group [n(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标

结石组

(n=190)

非结石组

(n=203)

χ² P
口腔异味 92(48.4) 72(35.5) 6.772 0.009
食物过敏或不耐受 21(11.1) 17(8.4) 0.806 0.369
嗳气、打嗝 68(35.8) 55(27.1) 3.451 0.063
消化不良 73(38.4) 58(28.6) 4.285 0.038
烧心、反酸 56(29.5) 46(22.7) 2.371 0.124
腹痛 58(30.5) 30(14.8) 14.006 <0.001
排气较多 89(46.8) 70(34.5) 6.223 0.013
腹胀 80(42.1) 58(28.6) 7.890 0.005
食欲不振、厌食 24(12.6) 20(9.9) 0.763 0.383
里急后重 43(22.6) 39(19.2) 0.695 0.404
恶心、呕吐 23(12.1) 23(11.3) 0.057 0.811
便秘 47(24.7) 37(18.2) 2.475 0.116
便秘与腹泻交替发生 26(13.7) 19(9.4) 1.810 0.178
腹泻 39(20.5) 15(7.4) 14.291 <0.001
便腥臭、异味大、黏稠 46(24.2) 43(21.2) 0.514 0.474
), ArticleFig(id=1194661768657085301, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, language=CN, label=表4, caption=

结石组与非结石组患者的腹部症状比较[例(%)]

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
指标

结石组

(n=190)

非结石组

(n=203)

χ² P
口腔异味 92(48.4) 72(35.5) 6.772 0.009
食物过敏或不耐受 21(11.1) 17(8.4) 0.806 0.369
嗳气、打嗝 68(35.8) 55(27.1) 3.451 0.063
消化不良 73(38.4) 58(28.6) 4.285 0.038
烧心、反酸 56(29.5) 46(22.7) 2.371 0.124
腹痛 58(30.5) 30(14.8) 14.006 <0.001
排气较多 89(46.8) 70(34.5) 6.223 0.013
腹胀 80(42.1) 58(28.6) 7.890 0.005
食欲不振、厌食 24(12.6) 20(9.9) 0.763 0.383
里急后重 43(22.6) 39(19.2) 0.695 0.404
恶心、呕吐 23(12.1) 23(11.3) 0.057 0.811
便秘 47(24.7) 37(18.2) 2.475 0.116
便秘与腹泻交替发生 26(13.7) 19(9.4) 1.810 0.178
腹泻 39(20.5) 15(7.4) 14.291 <0.001
便腥臭、异味大、黏稠 46(24.2) 43(21.2) 0.514 0.474
), ArticleFig(id=1194661768799691640, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, language=EN, label=Tab.5, caption=

Multivariate logistic regression analysis of risk factors for SIBO

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 β SE Wald χ² OR (95%CI) P
年龄 0.030 0.011 8.208 1.031(1.010~1.052) 0.004
HDL-C -1.107 0.350 10.031 0.330(0.167~0.656) 0.002
冠心病 1.139 0.472 5.830 3.123(1.239~7.870) 0.016
胆囊结石 0.585 0.223 6.895 1.795(1.160~2.778) 0.009
), ArticleFig(id=1194661768933909370, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194643390588493991, language=CN, label=表5, caption=

多因素logistic回归分析SIBO的危险因素

, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
变量 β SE Wald χ² OR (95%CI) P
年龄 0.030 0.011 8.208 1.031(1.010~1.052) 0.004
HDL-C -1.107 0.350 10.031 0.330(0.167~0.656) 0.002
冠心病 1.139 0.472 5.830 3.123(1.239~7.870) 0.016
胆囊结石 0.585 0.223 6.895 1.795(1.160~2.778) 0.009
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胆囊结石与小肠细菌过度生长的相关性分析
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冼锐 1, 2 , 刘茜 2 , 刘晓娜 2 , 董昌昊 2 , 王广祥 2 , 李超 2 , 崔立红 2, *
解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2025,50(1): 28-34
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解放军医学杂志 | 临床研究 2025, 50(1): 28-34
胆囊结石与小肠细菌过度生长的相关性分析
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冼锐1, 2, 刘茜2, 刘晓娜2, 董昌昊2, 王广祥2, 李超2, 崔立红2, *
作者信息
  • 1华南理工大学医学院,广东广州 510006
  • 2解放军总医院第六医学中心消化内科,北京 100048
  • 冼锐,硕士研究生,主要从事肠道微生态方面的研究

通讯作者:

崔立红,E-mail:
Correlation between gallbladder stones and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth
Rui Xian1, 2, Qian Liu2, Xiao-Na Liu2, Chang-Hao Dong2, Guang-Xiang Wang2, Chao Li2, Li-Hong Cui2, *
Affiliations
  • 1School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510006, China
  • 2Department of Gastroenterology, the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100048, China
出版时间: 2025-01-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0016.2024.0730
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目的 分析胆囊结石与小肠细菌过度生长(SIBO)的相关性。方法 回顾性分析2021年1月-2023年9月于解放军总医院第六医学中心消化内科就诊的393例患者的临床资料,根据是否伴有胆囊结石将所有患者分为结石组(n=190)和非结石组(n=203),比较两组患者的一般临床资料、实验室检查结果及腹部症状,并采用多因素logistic回归分析胆囊结石的影响因素。根据乳果糖甲烷氢呼气试验结果将所有患者分为SIBO阳性组(n=239)和SIBO阴性组(n=154),比较两组患者的临床特征,并采用多因素logistic回归分析SIBO的影响因素。结果 结石组患者的年龄、体重指数(BMI)、血糖(FPG)、谷氨酰胺酶水平,高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、非酒精性脂肪性肝病、胆囊息肉、SIBO患病率,以及SIBO群体中甲烷(CH4)阳性+氢气(H2)阳性比例均明显高于非结石组(P<0.05),口腔异味(48.4% vs. 35.5%)、消化不良(38.4% vs. 28.6%)、腹痛(30.5% vs. 14.8%)、腹胀(42.1% vs. 28.6%)、腹泻(20.5% vs. 7.4%)、排气较多(46.8% vs. 34.5%)发生率也高于非结石组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄大、BMI增加、FPG水平升高、总胆红素(TBIL)水平升高、冠心病、胆囊息肉、SIBO阳性是胆囊结石的独立危险因素(P<0.05)。SIBO阳性组的年龄、胆囊结石患病率、单发结石比例及三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)水平均高于SIBO阴性组(P<0.05)。多因素logistic回归分析显示,年龄大、冠心病、胆囊结石是SIBO的独立危险因素,高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)水平增高是SIBO的保护因素(P<0.05)。结论 胆囊结石与SIBO明显相关;对胆囊结石及SIBO相关危险因素进行干预,可能有助于降低其发生率。

胆石症  /  胆囊结石  /  小肠细菌过度生长  /  呼气试验

Objective To explore the correlation between gallbladder stones and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Methods A retrospective analysis was conducted on the clinical data of 393 patients who attended the Department of Gastroenterology of the Sixth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2021 to September 2023. They were divided into gallbladder stones group (n=190) and control group (n=203) based on the presence of gallbladder stones. Their general clinical data, laboratory test results, and abdominal symptoms were compared. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors for gallbladder stones. Additionally, the total population was divided into SIBO-positive group (n=239) and SIBO-negative group (n=154), and their clinical characteristics were analyzed by logistic regression to explore the risk factors for SIBO. Results Univariate analysis revealed that gallbladder stones group had a higher rate of age, body mass index (BMI), fasting plasma glucose (FPG), glutaminase levels, prevalence of hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, gallbladder polyps, and SIBO, as well as a higher prevalence of CH4-positive and H2-positive in SIBO group than control group (P<0.05). In terms of abdominal symptoms, the incidence of bad breath (48.4% vs. 35.5%), dyspepsia (38.4% vs. 28.6%), abdominal pain (30.5% vs. 14.8%), bloating (42.1% vs. 28.6%), diarrhea (20.5% vs. 7.4%), and more exhaustion (46.8% vs. 34.5%) were significantly higher in gallbladder stones group than those in control group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that independent positive determinants for incident gallbladder stones were age, BMI, FPG, total bilirubin (TBIL), coronary heart disease, gallbladder polyps, and SIBO. Univariate analysis revealed that age, prevalence of gallbladder stones, proportion of single stones, triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) were significantly higher in SIBO-positive group than those in SIBO-negative group (P<0.05). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the risk factors for SIBO were age, coronary heart disease, and gallbladder stones, while the protective factor for SIBO was high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C). Conclusion There is a significant correlation between gallbladder stones and small SIBO; interventions on related factors of gallbladder stones and small SIBO may help reduce their incidence.

cholelithiasis  /  gallbladder stones  /  small intestinal bacterial overgrowth  /  breath test
冼锐, 刘茜, 刘晓娜, 董昌昊, 王广祥, 李超, 崔立红. 胆囊结石与小肠细菌过度生长的相关性分析. 解放军医学杂志, 2025 , 50 (1) : 28 -34 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0016.2024.0730
Rui Xian, Qian Liu, Xiao-Na Liu, Chang-Hao Dong, Guang-Xiang Wang, Chao Li, Li-Hong Cui. Correlation between gallbladder stones and small intestinal bacterial overgrowth[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2025 , 50 (1) : 28 -34 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0016.2024.0730
胆囊结石是一种常见的消化系统疾病。在美国,成人胆囊结石的患病率为10%~15%[1],我国为4.2%~23.0%[2],严重威胁患者的健康及整体生活质量[3],在世界范围内造成了巨大的医疗负担[4]。胆囊结石的形成涉及多方面的因素,如遗传因素、肝脏胆固醇分泌过多(导致胆囊胆汁胆固醇过饱和)、加速胆固醇结晶和结晶生长的因素、胆囊运动障碍及肠道因素等[5]。有研究发现,胆囊结石也可能与多种全身性疾病有关,如非酒精性脂肪性肝病(non-alcoholic fatty liver disease,NAFLD)、糖尿病、代谢综合征(metabolic syndrome,MS)[6-7]。此外,胆囊结石可能与小肠细菌过度生长(small intestinal bacterial overgrowth,SIBO)有关,国外有研究发现,在胆囊结石患者中,肠道转运延迟[8]、消化道胆汁酸抗菌作用降低[9]或胆汁酸稳态改变[10]会导致SIBO。反过来,SIBO也可能影响胆汁酸及胆固醇的代谢,进而促进胆囊结石的发生[11]。但目前国内少有研究探索这两种疾病的关系。为此,本研究分析SIBO对胆囊结石的影响以及胆囊结石对SIBO的影响,旨在发掘胆囊结石与SIBO间的联系,为临床诊治提供新思路。
收集2020年1月-2023年9月于解放军总医院第六医学中心消化内科就诊的393例患者的临床资料进行回顾性分析。纳入标准:(1)年龄≥18岁;(2)接受腹部超声检查及乳果糖甲烷氢呼气试验。排除标准:(1)经检查证实有其他可能引起腹痛、饱胀、乏力、恶心、胃肠胀气、消化不良、食欲不振的消化道器质性病变如消化道肿瘤、消化性溃疡、肝硬化、慢性胰腺炎、炎症性肠病及胆管蛔虫病等;(2)合并其他可能引起胆肠功能异常的器质性疾病如神经系统疾病、甲状腺疾病及结缔组织病等;(3)既往有腹部外伤史及手术史;(4)在1个月内服用过抗生素、H2受体拮抗剂、质子泵抑制剂、益生菌或影响胃肠动力的药物;(5)在1周内进行过结肠镜检查、钡灌肠或任何其他肠道准备测试;(6)近一年来大量饮酒;(7)不能表达主观不适症状或合并严重精神疾病;(8)妊娠或哺乳期。胆囊结石诊断标准:超声确诊胆囊腔内存在形态稳定的强回声光团,并伴声影,有时可随体位变化而移动。按照上述标准,最初纳入669例患者,排除276例,最终纳入393例受试者,年龄(59.9±10.7)岁,根据患者是否伴有胆囊结石分为结石组(n=190)和非结石组(n=203)。
收集患者的年龄、性别、身高、体重、吸烟史、高血压病史、冠心病史及糖尿病史等资料,并详细记录患者的腹部症状。获取患者的实验室检查结果,包括空腹血糖(FBG)、白蛋白(ALB)、总胆红素(TBIL)、直接胆红素(DBIL)、总胆汁酸(TBA)、三酰甘油(TG)、胆固醇(TC)、高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(HDL-C)、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(LDL-C)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)、谷氨酰胺酶(GGT)、碱性磷酸酶(ALP)水平,以及肝脏、胆管的多普勒超声检查结果。
采用乳果糖甲烷氢呼吸测试仪(美国Quin Tron仪器公司)测定患者的空腹CH4及H2水平。指示患者服用10 ml乳果糖溶液,每30 min采集一次呼气样本,共持续210 min。为了提高测试的准确性,要求患者严格遵守以下要求:(1)在呼气测试前1个月避免服用抗生素;(2)在测试前1 d避免食用可发酵的食物,如复合碳水化合物(牛奶、豆类、燕麦、红薯、玉米等);(3)在测试前禁食8~12 h;(4)在测试当天避免吸烟及剧烈运动。SIBO阳性的诊断标准:(1)90 min内H2值从基线增加≥20 ppm;(2)测试期间CH4值≥10 ppm。根据乳果糖甲烷氢呼气试验结果,将393例患者分为SIBO阳性组(n=239)与SIBO阴性组(n=154)。
NAFLD的诊断参照《非酒精性脂肪性肝病防治指南(2018更新版)》[12]进行:(1)无大量饮酒史(饮酒折合乙醇量:男性<30 g/d,女性<20 g/d);(2)排除病毒性肝炎、自身免疫性肝病、药物性肝病等可能引起脂肪肝的疾病;(3)肝脏超声检查有以下3项表现中的2项:①肝脏近场回声强于肾或脾;②肝脏远场回声衰减;③肝内胆管结构难以示清。胆囊息肉的诊断标准:胆管超声检查显示从胆囊壁突出到管腔中的强或中等回声结节,不随患者体位变化而移动。
将SIBO阳性组与SIBO阴性组患者的临床资料用独立样本t检验和χ2检验的方法进行单因素分析,再以SIBO为因变量,以单因素分析差异有统计学意义的各因素为自变量进行多因素logistic回归,分析SIBO的危险因素。
将结石组与非结石组患者的临床资料用独立样本t检验和χ2检验的方法进行单因素分析,再以胆囊结石为因变量,以单因素分析差异有统计学意义的各因素为自变量进行多因素logistic回归,分析胆囊结石的危险因素。
采用SPSS 25.0软件进行统计分析。符合正态分布的连续变量以$\bar{x}±s$表示,两组间比较采用独立样本t检验;不符合正态分布的连续变量以M(Q1Q3)表示,两组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验。分类变量以例(%)表示,组间比较采用χ2检验。采用多因素logistic回归分析胆囊结石或SIBO的独立危险因素。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
结石组的年龄、体重指数(BMI)及高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、NAFLD、胆囊息肉的患病率高于非结石组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),而两组性别、吸烟比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结石组与非结石组的FPG、GGT、SIBO阳性率、H2总值、CH4总值、CH4阳性+H2阳性比例比较差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),两组ALB、TBIL、DBIL、TBA、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、ALT、AST、ALP、H2阳性比例、CH4阳性比例比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(表1)。
以胆囊结石为因变量(有=1,无=0),以年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、NAFLD、胆囊息肉、FPG、ALB、TBIL、DBIL、TBA、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、ALT、AST、GGT、ALP、SIBO为自变量,进行多因素logistic回归分析。结果显示,年龄大、BMI增加、FPG水平升高、TBIL水平升高、冠心病、胆囊息肉、SIBO阳性是胆囊结石的独立危险因素(表2)。
SIBO阳性组的年龄、胆囊结石患病率、单发结石比例及TG、TC、LDL-C水平明显高于SIBO阴性组(P<0.05);两组性别、BMI、吸烟比例、胆结石大小,高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、NAFLD、胆囊息肉患病率,FPG、ALB、TBIL、DBIL、TBA、HDL-C、ALT、AST、GGT、ALP水平比较差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)(表3)。
与非结石组比较,结石组口腔异味、消化不良、腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、排气较多发生率明显增高(P<0.05)。两组出现食物过敏或不耐受、食欲不振、嗳气打嗝、烧心反酸、恶心呕吐、便秘、便秘与腹泻交替、里急后重、便腥臭且黏稠的比例差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(表4)。
以SIBO为因变量(有=1,无=0),以年龄、性别、BMI、吸烟、高血压、糖尿病、冠心病、NAFLD、胆囊息肉、胆囊结石、单发结石、胆结石大小、FPG、ALB、TBIL、DBIL、TBA、TG、TC、HDL-C、LDL-C、ALT、AST、GGT、ALP、SIBO为自变量进行logistic多因素回归分析,结果显示,年龄大、合并冠心病及胆囊结石是SIBO的危险因素,HDL-C水平升高是SIBO的保护因素(P<0.05)(表5)。
胆囊结石是常见的胆囊疾病之一,严重时可能会诱发胆囊炎、胆管炎、胆源性胰腺炎等疾病,威胁患者的健康和生活质量。国外有研究发现,肠道菌群失调可通过影响胆汁酸与胆固醇的代谢促进胆囊结石的形成[13]。而SIBO是肠道菌群失调常见的表现形式之一[14],也可能导致胆囊结石的风险增加[15]。然而,目前国内关于胆囊结石与SIBO之间的关系研究甚少。本研究logistic回归分析结果表明,排除了混杂因素后,胆囊结石与SIBO之间存在明显的相关性。
Kim等[16]发现,胆囊结石患者的SIBO发生率高于对照组。Kaur等[8]发现,SIBO阳性患者的口盲传输时间及血清胆汁酸水平均高于SIBO阴性患者,而血清胆汁酸是胆囊结石的促进因素。本研究发现,结石组的SIBO阳性率高于非结石组,而SIBO阳性组的胆囊结石患病率高于SIBO阴性组,与上述报道一致。胆囊结石的发病机制复杂,可能涉及多种因素,如胆固醇胆汁酸代谢异常、胆囊运动障碍及肠道微生物失调等。胆囊结石与SIBO相互影响,具体体现在以下几个方面。(1)胆囊结石形成的因素之一是胆囊黏膜上过量的胆固醇或胆色素沉积,可导致胆囊收缩受损。胆汁具有抗菌特性,胆囊收缩缺陷可能有助于SIBO的发展;反过来,SIBO会减少脂溶性维生素如维生素D的吸收[17],而维生素D缺乏会进一步加剧胆汁淤滞,引起恶性循环[18]。(2)胆汁酸代谢紊乱会导致胆囊结石[19]。有调查发现,与SIBO阴性患者相比,SIBO阳性患者体内的未结合胆汁酸水平更高[20-21],可能是因为小肠细菌数量增加,造成胆汁酸的去结合增加所致。在胆汁酸去结合增多的情况下,可进一步刺激内毒素产生,使肝脏发生氧化应激,导致胆固醇及动脉粥样硬化脂蛋白生成增多[22]。(3)SIBO条件下的慢性炎症状态可使钙盐在胆汁中的溶解度降低,并在胆管中大量沉积,最终影响胆囊收缩及损害酸分泌[23]
Jiang等[24]将冠心病阳性与冠心病阴性患者按年龄、性别及MS进行一对一匹配后,发现胆囊结石仍与冠心病明显相关(OR=1.69,95%CI 1.08~2.65,P<0.01)。一项包含270 000例受试者的荟萃分析结果显示,胆囊结石病史可使冠心病风险增加23%(15%~33%)[25]。而SIBO也与冠心病相关。研究发现,与SIBO阴性患者比较,SIBO阳性患者的冠心病发生率明显增高(78.9% vs. 38.6%,P<0.001),受累的冠状动脉数量增加,在对冠心病的传统危险因素进行调整后,SIBO仍然与冠心病相关(OR=7.18,95%CI 3.09~16.67,P<0.001)[26]。本研究结果显示,排除了混杂因素后,冠心病依然是胆囊结石的独立危险因素,与上述研究结果一致。在分子机制层面,可能是由于改变的肠道菌群产生了三甲胺-N-氧化物,它通过影响内皮功能、血小板活化及血栓形成而在动脉粥样硬化的病理过程中发挥重要作用,并可能作为心血管风险的预测因子[27]
MS是指机体处于一种蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物等物质代谢紊乱导致罹患心血管疾病风险明显增高的病理状态。Remely等[28]发现,MS患者存在低度炎症反应,这可能与肠道微生物群的变化及细菌对受损肠黏膜的穿透增加有关。在本研究中,年龄、BMI、血糖始终与胆囊结石独立相关。这也与既往研究结果一致,如Chen等[29]报道MS与胆囊结石密切相关,年龄、性别、BMI、高糖、高脂等MS的危险因素存在越多,胆囊结石的患病率就越高。本研究结果表明,HDL-C水平升高是SIBO的保护因素。实际上,HDL-C是MS的重要影响因素之一,而SIBO与MS的关系也曾被报道。Fialho等[30]发现,SIBO阳性组的MS发生率高于SIBO阴性组。此外,有研究指出,SIBO是胆囊息肉的独立危险因素,且肠道细菌及其产物可增加息肉向结石转化的可能[31]
在本研究中,与非结石组相比,结石组口腔异味、消化不良、腹痛、腹胀、腹泻、排气较多等腹部不适症状的发生率明显增高;同时,结石组的H2总值、CH4总值、CH4阳性且H2阳性比例明显上升。可能是因为胆囊结石患者的肠道转运缓慢,细菌发酵产生过多的气体,干扰肠道的正常代谢,从而促使腹部症状的发生。另外,H2水平与血脂密切相关。有研究发现,机体的H2水平与血清TG、LDL-C及极低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(VLDL-C)水平呈正相关,与HDL-C水平呈负相关[22]。另有研究发现,胆囊结石患者体内去结合胆汁酸增多,而产甲烷菌作为古生菌之一,其可抵抗胆汁酸的毒性作用[32]。这也是胆囊结石患者体内H2及CH4水平升高的原因。
综上所述,本研究结果显示,胆囊结石与SIBO存在相关性。年龄大、BMI增加、FPG升高、TBIL升高、冠心病、胆囊息肉、SIBO阳性是胆囊结石的独立危险因素。年龄大、冠心病、胆囊结石是SIBO的独立危险因素,HDL-C水平升高是SIBO的保护因素。临床医师应重视对上述因素的控制,争取早识别、早诊断和早治疗。本研究存在一定的局限性:为单中心回顾性分析,不可避免地存在选择性偏倚,可能导致结果出现误差。随着对疾病的不断深入了解,未来仍需开展多中心、前瞻性、大规模的临床队列研究,为探讨胆囊结石与SIBO的关联性提供更多更可靠的证据。
  • 国家自然科学基金(82070553)
  • 首都卫生发展科研专项(首发)(2020-2-5113)
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0016.2024.0730
  • 接收时间:2024-01-12
  • 首发时间:2025-11-10
  • 出版时间:2025-01-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-01-12
  • 录用日期:2024-01-24
基金
National Natural Science Foundation of China(82070553)
国家自然科学基金(82070553)
Capital Health Research and Development of Special Fund Program of China(2020-2-5113)
首都卫生发展科研专项(首发)(2020-2-5113)
作者信息
    1华南理工大学医学院,广东广州 510006
    2解放军总医院第六医学中心消化内科,北京 100048

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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