Article(id=1194617491176530092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194617490446721194, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0966.2024.1017, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1692806400000, receivedDateStr=2023-08-24, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1703692800000, acceptedDateStr=2023-12-28, onlineDate=1762748604815, onlineDateStr=2025-11-10, pubDate=1740672000000, pubDateStr=2025-02-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762748604815, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762748604815, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762748604815, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1194617490446721194, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2025', volume='50', issue='2', pageStart='123', pageEnd='244', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1762748604641, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762749162199, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1194619829073191185, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194617490446721194, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1194619829073191186, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194617490446721194, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=168, endPage=175, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1194617491428188336, articleId=1194617491176530092, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=Genetic analysis of a family with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome caused by compound heterozygous mutations in the
EVC gene: A case report and literature review, columnId=1190310109000602400, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Clinical Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
Objective To report the genetic analysis of a family with a fetus suspected of Ellis-van Creveld (EVC) syndrome based on ultrasound findings such as ventricular septal defect (VSD), short long bones in the limbs and polydactyly, and to conduct a literature review to clarify the pathogenic cause. Methods A 27-year-old pregnant woman, who was pregnant for the first time and had no prior deliveries, was admitted to the prenatal diagnosis center of Shijiazhuang Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital in October 2021. At 17 weeks of gestation, ultrasound detected multiple fetal malformations. The genomic DNA of the fetal proband's amniotic fluid cells and the parents' peripheral blood samples were sequentially subjected to chromosomal karyotype analysis, chromosomal microarray analysis (CMA), and whole exome sequencing (WES). Suspected pathogenic mutations were verified by Sanger sequencing in the proband and its parents. Subsequently, a Minigene in vitro experiment was used to analyze one splicing mutation. Meanwhile, databases such as PubMed were searched, and literature reports were combined for genetic analysis. Results Chromosomal karyotype analysis of the fetus showed no abnormalities, and CMA did not detect any copy number variation (CNV) with clinical significance. WES results revealed two mutations in the EVC gene (NM_153717.2) of the fetus: a nonsense mutation c.1405G>T(p.E469X) in exon 10 and a splicing mutation c.1886+5G>A in intron 13. Family verification using Sanger sequencing showed that the father was a carrier of the c.1405G>T(p.E469X) mutation in exon 10, and the mother was a carrier of the c.1886+5G>A mutation in intron 13. The compound heterozygous mutation of the fetus was inherited from the parents. According to the guidelines of the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG) for classifying genetic variations, c.1405G>T (p.E469X) was classified as likely pathogenic mutation (PVS1+PM2), and c.1886+5G>A was classified as likely pathogenic mutation (PM2+PM3_Strong). The Minigene experiment results showed that the c.1886+5G>A mutation caused a 115-bp segment retention in intron 13, further supporting its pathogenicity. Review of the literature showed that the typical clinical manifestations of EVC syndrome include short limbs, short ribs, postaxial polydactyly, nail and tooth dysplasia, and congenital heart defects. Gene mutations in EVC/EVC2 were found to be the main pathogenic cause through whole exome sequencing, with mutation types including missense mutations, large-scale duplications/deletions, in-frame microdeletions, nonsense mutations, frameshift mutations, and splicing mutations. Conclusions The compound heterozygous mutations in the EVC gene are the pathogenic cause of the fetus. The detection of these mutations expands the genetic variation spectrum of Ellis-van Creveld syndrome.
, correspAuthors=Jing Zhang, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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EVC基因的复合杂合突变致
Ellis-van Creveld综合征的家系遗传学分析:
1例报告并文献复习, columnId=1190310109164180259, journalTitle=解放军医学杂志, columnName=临床研究, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=
目的 报告1例超声提示为室间隔缺损、四肢长骨短、多指等疑似Ellis-van Creveld(EVC)综合征,分析其胎儿的家系遗传学,并进行文献复习,以明确其致病原因。方法 纳入1例于2021年10月就诊于石家庄市妇产医院产前诊断中心的孕妇,27岁,孕1产0,宫内单胎妊娠,孕17周时超声检测发现胎儿存在多发畸形。将胎儿先证者的羊水细胞及其父母外周血的基因组DNA依次采用染色体核型分析、染色体微阵列分析(CMA)和全外显子组测序(WES)技术进行遗传学检测。对疑似的致病突变进行先证者及父母的Sanger测序验证。继而利用Minigene体外实验对1个剪接变异进行分析。同时检索PubMed等数据库,结合文献报道进行分析。结果 本例胎儿的染色体核型分析结果未见异常,CMA未检测出具有临床意义的拷贝数变异(CNV)。WES检测结果显示,胎儿的EVC基因(NM_153717.2)存在两个突变:10号外显子的c.1405G>T(p.E469X)无义突变和13号内含子的c.1886+5G>A剪接突变。家系验证:Sanger测序结果显示父亲为10号外显子c.1405G>T(p.E469X)携带者,母亲为13号内含子c.1886+5G>A携带者,胎儿的复合杂合突变遗传于父母。根据美国医学遗传学与基因组学学会遗传变异分类标准指南,判定c.1405G>T(p.E469X)为疑似致病突变(PVS1+PM2),c.1886+5G>A为疑似致病突变(PM2+PM3_Strong)。Minigene实验结果显示c.1886+5G>A突变造成了13号内含子一段115 bp的滞留,进一步支持了其致病性。复习文献可知,EVC的典型临床表现为四肢短小、肋骨短、轴后多指、指甲和牙齿发育不良、先天性心脏发育缺陷等,通过全外显子组检测发现EVC/EVC2的基因突变为其主要的致病原因,突变类型包括错义突变、大片段的重复/缺失、框内微缺失、无义突变、移码突变、剪接突变等。结论 EVC基因的复合杂合突变是本例胎儿的致病原因,该突变的检出扩展了Ellis-van Creveld综合征的基因变异谱。
, correspAuthors=张静, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
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孙东兰,硕士研究生,主要从事产前诊断及遗传学方面的研究
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孙东兰,硕士研究生,主要从事产前诊断及遗传学方面的研究
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Results of prenatal three-dimensional ultrasound on a fetus with Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, figureFileSmall=4q5qoqdhCzssU7COyR/1TQ==, figureFileBig=/p0QyBDmXaos8oYcOnwTxQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194646616897462643, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=CN, label=图1, caption=
Ellis-van Creveld综合征胎儿1例产前三维超声结果A. 胎儿右手呈现轴后多指;B. 胎儿左手呈现轴后多指;C. 胎儿心脏完全型房室间隔缺损的血流图;D. 胎儿心脏完全型房室间隔缺损的大小;E. 胎儿的肱骨长度明显短小;F. 胎儿的股骨明显短小
, figureFileSmall=4q5qoqdhCzssU7COyR/1TQ==, figureFileBig=/p0QyBDmXaos8oYcOnwTxQ==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194646617014903156, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=
Results of fetal genetic testing for Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, figureFileSmall=+2nYhRE0YUQkcFPJArtblQ==, figureFileBig=6NQjNyuSfKt6Zt+ydS4EfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194646617086206325, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=CN, label=图2, caption=
Ellis-van Creveld综合征胎儿的遗传学检测结果A. 胎儿染色体核型未见异常;B. 胎儿染色体微阵列分析(CMA)未检出具有临床意义的拷贝数变异;C. 胎儿的家系图(红色为EVC c.1405G>T突变,用M1表示,蓝色为EVC c.1886+5G>A突变,用M2表示,WT为野生型,箭头指代先证者);D. 两个变异(M1及M2)的Sanger测序峰图结果(箭头所指为突变位点的位置)
, figureFileSmall=+2nYhRE0YUQkcFPJArtblQ==, figureFileBig=6NQjNyuSfKt6Zt+ydS4EfA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194646617153315190, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=
Results of fetal Minigene in vitro experiment for Ellis-van Creveld syndrome, figureFileSmall=6E/zwmY2p79xtGqG646Cwg==, figureFileBig=TkCeK0wWWE65mUtg5hoANA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194646617224618359, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=CN, label=图3, caption=
Ellis-van Creveld综合征胎儿Minigene体外实验结果A. Minigene设计模式图;B. 对野生型(WT)及突变型(MT)载体转染后细胞的RNA进行扩增后,琼脂糖凝胶电泳结果;C. WT及MT细胞的cDNA测序结果;D. c.1886+5G>A突变导致的异常剪接模式图
, figureFileSmall=6E/zwmY2p79xtGqG646Cwg==, figureFileBig=TkCeK0wWWE65mUtg5hoANA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194646617295921528, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=EN, label=Tab.1, caption=
Primer sequence used for Minigene vector construction
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 基因 | 引物序列(5'-3') |
|---|
| EVC-A | 正向:AAGCTTGGTACCGAGCTCGGATCCACTTCAGCACCGTGGACACTTTCCAGAAG |
| 反向:ACTAATGTAGGTCCTTCACTCAACCGCACCTGCCTT |
| EVC-B | 正向:AGTGAAGGACCTACATTAGTAAGCATGGTATTGGT |
| 反向:GTGATTCATGCTTTCCAGCAAATTGGAAAGACCATA |
| EVC-C | 正向:TGCTGGAAAGCATGAATCACTGAAATAGGAACTCA |
| 反向:TTAAACGGGCCCTCTAGACTCGAGCAGGGCCCTGAGCAGCTGCCACTGATGC |
| EVC-MT | 正向:AGAGTGAATACAGCTCCCTGAAGGCCCAGGGCTTTG |
| 反向:CAGGGAGCTGTATTCACTCTTCAGTGAGGCCGCCCAGT |
), ArticleFig(id=1194646617375613305, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=CN, label=表1, caption=
Minigene载体构建使用的引物序列
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 基因 | 引物序列(5'-3') |
|---|
| EVC-A | 正向:AAGCTTGGTACCGAGCTCGGATCCACTTCAGCACCGTGGACACTTTCCAGAAG |
| 反向:ACTAATGTAGGTCCTTCACTCAACCGCACCTGCCTT |
| EVC-B | 正向:AGTGAAGGACCTACATTAGTAAGCATGGTATTGGT |
| 反向:GTGATTCATGCTTTCCAGCAAATTGGAAAGACCATA |
| EVC-C | 正向:TGCTGGAAAGCATGAATCACTGAAATAGGAACTCA |
| 反向:TTAAACGGGCCCTCTAGACTCGAGCAGGGCCCTGAGCAGCTGCCACTGATGC |
| EVC-MT | 正向:AGAGTGAATACAGCTCCCTGAAGGCCCAGGGCTTTG |
| 反向:CAGGGAGCTGTATTCACTCTTCAGTGAGGCCGCCCAGT |
), ArticleFig(id=1194646617467887994, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=EN, label=Tab.2, caption=
Mutations identified in the EVC/EVC2 gene from the case report
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 文献 | 病例数 | 国家 | 性别 | 年龄 | 是否近亲 | 基因 | 突变位点 |
|---|
| Wang[9] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕23+4周 | 否 | EVC | c.153_174+42del纯合突变 |
| Umair[10] | 3(姐弟) | 巴基斯坦 | 男1/女2 | 10岁/14岁/16岁 | 是 | EVC2 | c.30dupC纯合突变 |
| 2(兄妹) | 科索沃 | 男1/女1 | 9岁/2岁 | 否 | EVC | c.919T>C/c.2894+3A>G复合杂合突变 |
| Dekker[11] | 1 | 坦桑尼亚 | 男 | 22个月 | 否 | EVC2 | c.653_654del/c.2710C>T复合杂合突变 |
| Eftekhariyazdi[12] | 1 | 伊朗 | 产前(男) | 孕18周 | 是 | EVC2 | c.942G>A纯合突变 |
| Huang[13] | 1 | 中国 | 女 | 42岁 | 是 | EVC | c.2014C>T纯合突变 |
| Negrete-Torres[14] | 1 | 墨西哥 | 女 | 14岁 | 否 | EVC2 | c.519_519+1delinsT/c.2161delC复合杂合突变 |
| 1 | 女 | 15岁 | c.645G>A/c.273up复合杂合突变 |
| León-Madero[15] | 1 | 墨西哥 | 男 | 8个月 | 否 | EVC2 | c.1195C>T/c.2161delC复合杂合突变 |
| Sato[16] | 1 | 日本 | 男 | 43天 | 否 | EVC2/EVC | EVC2 c.1991dup/EVC exon1和EVC2 exon1-7的大片段缺失的复合杂合 |
| Zhuang[17] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕23+5周 | 否 | EVC2 | c.2484G>A/c.871-2_894del复合杂合突变 |
| Nguyen TQ[18] | 1 | 越南 | 女 | 17个月 | 是 | EVC2 | c.769G>T/c.2476C>T复合杂合突变 |
| 1 | 男 | 32个月 | 否 | EVC | c.1717C>G/16.4kb缺失的复合杂合 |
| 张蔓丽[19] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕30+3周 | 否 | EVC | c.884C>G/c.982C>T复合杂合突变 |
| 吴琴[20] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕24周 | 否 | EVC2 | c.682G>C(p.A228P)/loss1(Exon:2-22)all复合杂合突变 |
| 王金铭[21] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕18周 | 否 | EVC2 | c.519+1G>C/c.903delG复合杂合突变 |
| Zaka[22] | 3(姐弟) | 巴基斯坦 | 男2/女1 | 6岁/9岁/12岁 | 是 | EVC | c.731_757del纯合缺失 |
), ArticleFig(id=1194646617568551291, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=CN, label=表2, caption=
个案病例中EVC/EVC2基因检测的突变位点
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 文献 | 病例数 | 国家 | 性别 | 年龄 | 是否近亲 | 基因 | 突变位点 |
|---|
| Wang[9] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕23+4周 | 否 | EVC | c.153_174+42del纯合突变 |
| Umair[10] | 3(姐弟) | 巴基斯坦 | 男1/女2 | 10岁/14岁/16岁 | 是 | EVC2 | c.30dupC纯合突变 |
| 2(兄妹) | 科索沃 | 男1/女1 | 9岁/2岁 | 否 | EVC | c.919T>C/c.2894+3A>G复合杂合突变 |
| Dekker[11] | 1 | 坦桑尼亚 | 男 | 22个月 | 否 | EVC2 | c.653_654del/c.2710C>T复合杂合突变 |
| Eftekhariyazdi[12] | 1 | 伊朗 | 产前(男) | 孕18周 | 是 | EVC2 | c.942G>A纯合突变 |
| Huang[13] | 1 | 中国 | 女 | 42岁 | 是 | EVC | c.2014C>T纯合突变 |
| Negrete-Torres[14] | 1 | 墨西哥 | 女 | 14岁 | 否 | EVC2 | c.519_519+1delinsT/c.2161delC复合杂合突变 |
| 1 | 女 | 15岁 | c.645G>A/c.273up复合杂合突变 |
| León-Madero[15] | 1 | 墨西哥 | 男 | 8个月 | 否 | EVC2 | c.1195C>T/c.2161delC复合杂合突变 |
| Sato[16] | 1 | 日本 | 男 | 43天 | 否 | EVC2/EVC | EVC2 c.1991dup/EVC exon1和EVC2 exon1-7的大片段缺失的复合杂合 |
| Zhuang[17] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕23+5周 | 否 | EVC2 | c.2484G>A/c.871-2_894del复合杂合突变 |
| Nguyen TQ[18] | 1 | 越南 | 女 | 17个月 | 是 | EVC2 | c.769G>T/c.2476C>T复合杂合突变 |
| 1 | 男 | 32个月 | 否 | EVC | c.1717C>G/16.4kb缺失的复合杂合 |
| 张蔓丽[19] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕30+3周 | 否 | EVC | c.884C>G/c.982C>T复合杂合突变 |
| 吴琴[20] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕24周 | 否 | EVC2 | c.682G>C(p.A228P)/loss1(Exon:2-22)all复合杂合突变 |
| 王金铭[21] | 1 | 中国 | 产前 | 孕18周 | 否 | EVC2 | c.519+1G>C/c.903delG复合杂合突变 |
| Zaka[22] | 3(姐弟) | 巴基斯坦 | 男2/女1 | 6岁/9岁/12岁 | 是 | EVC | c.731_757del纯合缺失 |
), ArticleFig(id=1194646617698574716, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=EN, label=Tab.3, caption=
Detection rate and mutation types of EVC/EVC2 genes in a series of case studies
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 文献 | 病例数 | 国家 | 性别 | 年龄范围 | 近亲占比(%) | EVC/EVC2检出率(%) | 突变类型汇总 |
|---|
| Aubert-Mucca[2] | 50(45个家庭) | 欧洲(n=15)、法国(n=6)、摩洛哥(n=4)、黎巴嫩(n=3)、非洲(n=2)、阿尔及利亚(n=2)、马里(n=2)、突尼斯(n=2)、中国(n=1)、圭亚那(n=1)、塞内加尔(n=1)、车臣(n=1)、土耳其(n=1)、多哥/法国(n=1) | 男(n=27)/ 女(n=23) | 17例存活者从第1天到62岁(中位年龄6岁),8例夭折,25例产前 | 36.4 | 77.8 | EVC基因突变17种:5个无义突变,2个移码突变,3个剪接突变,2个非编码区,5个拷贝数变异; EVC2基因突变25种:7个无义突变,8个移码突变,3个剪接突变,3个错义突变,4个拷贝数变异 |
| Zhang[23] | 10 | 美国 | 产前(n=6)/ 新生儿(n=4) [(夭折(n=3)] | 孕33/24/22/21/20/16周/(新生儿无具体年龄) | 0 | 100 | EVC突变4例,EVC2突变6例,共鉴定出14种不同的突变(文献未详细描述) |
| Altunoglu[24] | 46(43个家庭) | 土耳其(n=28),丹麦(n=1),埃及(n=11),立陶宛(n=1),西班牙(n=1),墨西哥(n=1) | 男(n=19)/ 女(n=27) | 从出生至63岁 | 79.1 | 95.3 | EVC基因突变24种:包括1个错义突变、2个大片段的重复/缺失、2个框内微缺失、5个无义突变、7个移码突变和7个剪接突变; EVC2基因突变21种:包括1个错义突变、2个大片段的缺失、5个移码突变,5个剪接突变和8个无义突变。 |
| Valencia[25] | 36 | 土耳其(n=5),西班牙(n=12),墨西哥(n=1),埃及(n=6),巴西(n=2),约旦(n=4),以色列(n=1),卡塔尔(n=1),荷兰(n=1),巴基斯坦(n=1),阿尔及利亚人(n=1),美国(n=1) | - | - | 63.9 | 100 | 18例患者中发现EVC突变20种,包括7个微缺失,5个无义突变,4个剪接位点突变,2个单核苷酸重复和2个错义突变; 18例患者中发现EVC2突变17种,包括8个无义突变,4个微缺失,2个外显子的缺失,1个单核苷酸重复,1个错义突变和1个剪接位点突变 |
), ArticleFig(id=1194646617769877885, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194617491176530092, language=CN, label=表3, caption=
系列病例中EVC/EVC2基因检出率及突变类型
, figureFileSmall=null, figureFileBig=null, tableContent=
| 文献 | 病例数 | 国家 | 性别 | 年龄范围 | 近亲占比(%) | EVC/EVC2检出率(%) | 突变类型汇总 |
|---|
| Aubert-Mucca[2] | 50(45个家庭) | 欧洲(n=15)、法国(n=6)、摩洛哥(n=4)、黎巴嫩(n=3)、非洲(n=2)、阿尔及利亚(n=2)、马里(n=2)、突尼斯(n=2)、中国(n=1)、圭亚那(n=1)、塞内加尔(n=1)、车臣(n=1)、土耳其(n=1)、多哥/法国(n=1) | 男(n=27)/ 女(n=23) | 17例存活者从第1天到62岁(中位年龄6岁),8例夭折,25例产前 | 36.4 | 77.8 | EVC基因突变17种:5个无义突变,2个移码突变,3个剪接突变,2个非编码区,5个拷贝数变异; EVC2基因突变25种:7个无义突变,8个移码突变,3个剪接突变,3个错义突变,4个拷贝数变异 |
| Zhang[23] | 10 | 美国 | 产前(n=6)/ 新生儿(n=4) [(夭折(n=3)] | 孕33/24/22/21/20/16周/(新生儿无具体年龄) | 0 | 100 | EVC突变4例,EVC2突变6例,共鉴定出14种不同的突变(文献未详细描述) |
| Altunoglu[24] | 46(43个家庭) | 土耳其(n=28),丹麦(n=1),埃及(n=11),立陶宛(n=1),西班牙(n=1),墨西哥(n=1) | 男(n=19)/ 女(n=27) | 从出生至63岁 | 79.1 | 95.3 | EVC基因突变24种:包括1个错义突变、2个大片段的重复/缺失、2个框内微缺失、5个无义突变、7个移码突变和7个剪接突变; EVC2基因突变21种:包括1个错义突变、2个大片段的缺失、5个移码突变,5个剪接突变和8个无义突变。 |
| Valencia[25] | 36 | 土耳其(n=5),西班牙(n=12),墨西哥(n=1),埃及(n=6),巴西(n=2),约旦(n=4),以色列(n=1),卡塔尔(n=1),荷兰(n=1),巴基斯坦(n=1),阿尔及利亚人(n=1),美国(n=1) | - | - | 63.9 | 100 | 18例患者中发现EVC突变20种,包括7个微缺失,5个无义突变,4个剪接位点突变,2个单核苷酸重复和2个错义突变; 18例患者中发现EVC2突变17种,包括8个无义突变,4个微缺失,2个外显子的缺失,1个单核苷酸重复,1个错义突变和1个剪接位点突变 |
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