Article(id=1194613948243746999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194613942065533315, articleNumber=null, orderNo=null, doi=10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0526.2024.1025, pmid=null, cstr=null, oa=null, hot=null, price=null, onlineType=0, articleFormat=0, articleType=null, articleTypeStr=research-article, receivedDate=1713456000000, receivedDateStr=2024-04-19, revisedDate=null, revisedDateStr=null, acceptedDate=1720800000000, acceptedDateStr=2024-07-13, onlineDate=1762747760115, onlineDateStr=2025-11-10, pubDate=1743091200000, pubDateStr=2025-03-28, doiRegisterDate=null, doiRegisterDateStr=null, onlineIssueDate=1762747760115, onlineIssueDateStr=2025-11-10, onlineJustAcceptDate=null, onlineJustAcceptDateStr=null, onlineFirstDate=null, onlineFirstDateStr=null, sourceXml=null, magXml=null, createTime=1762747760115, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762747760115, updator=13701087609, issue=Issue{id=1194613942065533315, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, year='2025', volume='50', issue='3', pageStart='245', pageEnd='365', issueExtLink='null', onlineDate='null', pubDate='null', beforeIssueId=null, nextIssueId=null, price=null, status=1, issueComplete=1, articleOrder=1, issueType=-1, specialIssue=0, createTime=1762747758641, creator=13701087609, updateTime=1762749141462, updator=13701087609, preIssue=null, nextIssue=null, ext={EN=IssueExt(id=1194619742100103439, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194613942065533315, language=EN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=), CN=IssueExt(id=1194619742100103440, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, issueId=1194613942065533315, language=CN, specialIssueTitle=, coverIllustrator=null, specialIssueEditor=, specialIssueAbout=)}, issueFiles=null}, startPage=332, endPage=340, ext={EN=ArticleExt(id=1194613948944195769, articleId=1194613948243746999, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, language=EN, title=The role and mechanism of SIRT1-mediated ferroptosis in postoperative cognitive dysfunction of aged mice, columnId=1190310110212751762, journalTitle=Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, columnName=Basic Research, runingTitle=null, highlight=null, articleAbstract=

Objective To explore the role and mechanism of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) of aged mice following sevoflurane (SEV) anesthesia. Methods (1) Fifteen-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group (n=8) and SEV group (n=24), and SIRT1 expression in hippocampus of mice was assessed using Western blotting on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after 2% SEV exposure. (2) Fifteen-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into AAV-GFP, AAV-SIRT1, SEV+AAV-GFP and SEV+AAV-SIRT1 groups (n=20). AAV-SIRT1 and control AAV-GFP vectors were transfected into the brain of mice respectively. Five days after the transfection, the corresponding groups of mice were exposed to 2% SEV for 5 h. Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the spatial memory of mice before and after SEV exposure, TUNEL staining was applied to assess hippocampal neurons apoptosis, and Western blotting was utilized to measure the expression levels of SIRT1, xCT and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). (3) Hippocampal neurons of mice were divided into control, AAV-SIRT1, Fer-1, SEV, SEV+AAV-SIRT1 and SEV+ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) groups. Neurons in SEV, SEV+AAV-SIRT1 and SEV+Fer-1 groups were exposed to 5% SEV for 4 h. SEV+AAV-SIRT1 and SEV+Fer-1 groups were transfected with AAV-SIRT1 or treated with Fer-1 respectively prior to SEV exposure. Neuronal death was evaluated via propidium iodide (PI) staining. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and iron content were determined using ELISA, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined using fluorescence probes. Results (1) Western blotting revealed a significant reduction in SIRT1 protein expression levels in the hippocampus tissue of SEV group mice compared to control group (P<0.05). (2) Morris water maze test results showed that, compared with AAV-GFP group, the escape latency of mice in SEV+AAV-GFP and SEV+AAV-SIRT1 groups significantly prolonged (P<0.05), and the frequency of crossing the platform significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with SEV+AAV-GFP group, the escape latency of mice in SEV+AAV-SIRT1 group shortened (P<0.05), and the frequency of crossing the platform on the 7th day increased (P<0.05). TUNEL staining, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry indicated that the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression levels significantly increased in SEV+AAV-GFP and SEV+AAV-SIRT1 groups compared with those in AAV-GFP group, while the expression of Bcl-2, GPX4, and xCT protein expression levels significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01 or P<0.001). Compared with SEV+AAV-GFP group, SEV+AAV-SIRT1 group showed that apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression levels significantly decreased (P<0.05), while Bcl-2, GPX4, and xCT protein expression levels significantly increased (P<0.05). (3) In vitro, PI staining and ELISA demonstrated significantly increased PI positive rate, MDA level and iron content in hippocampus neurons of SEV group compared to control group (P<0.01). Compared with SEV group, the positive rate of PI staining, MDA level, iron content and ROS level in hippocampus neurons of SEV+AAV-SIRT1 and SEV+Fer-1 groups significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions SEV anesthesia leads to a decrease in SIRT1 expression in hippocampus and neurons of aged mice, and the upregulation of SIRT1 could alleviate SEV-induced neuronal death and ferroptosis.

, correspAuthors=Wei-Fu Cao, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
E-mail:
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目的 探讨沉默信息调节因子1 (SIRT1)对七氟烷(SEV)麻醉老年小鼠术后认知功能障碍(POCD)的作用及其机制。方法 (1)将雄性C57BL/6老年(15月龄)小鼠随机分为对照组(n=8)与SEV组(n=24),采用Western blotting检测小鼠2% SEV暴露后1、3、7 d海马组织中SIRT1的表达水平。(2)将15月龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为AAV-GFP组、AAV-SIRT1组、SEV+AAV-GFP组与SEV+AAV-SIRT1组,每组20只。将AAV-SIRT1载体和对照载体AAV-GFP分别转染至相应组别小鼠脑内;5 d后,相应组别小鼠在2% SEV中暴露5 h。采用Morris水迷宫实验评估小鼠SEV暴露前后的空间记忆功能,TUNEL染色分析海马神经元凋亡情况,Western blotting检测海马组织中SIRT1、胱氨酸转运蛋白SLC7A11 (xCT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)的表达水平。(3)将小鼠海马神经元分为对照组、AAV-SIRT1组、Fer-1组、SEV组、SEV+AAV-SIRT1组与SEV+铁死亡抑制剂亚铁素-1(Fer-1)组。SEV组、SEV+AAV-SIRT1组和SEV+Fer-1组神经元暴露在5% SEV中4 h,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组和SEV+Fer-1组在SEV暴露前分别进行AAV-SIRT1转染或Fer-1处理。采用碘化丙啶(PI)染色评估细胞死亡情况,ELISA法检测丙二醛(MDA)水平和铁含量,荧光探针检测活性氧(ROS)水平。结果 (1)Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组比较,SEV组小鼠海马组织中SIRT1蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)。(2)Morris水迷宫实验结果显示,与AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-GFP组和SEV+AAV-SIRT1组逃逸潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05),穿越原始平台的次数明显减少(P<0.05);与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组逃逸潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.05),在第7天穿越原始平台的次数明显增多(P<0.05或P<0.01)。TUNEL染色、Western blotting和免疫组化检测结果显示,与AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-GFP组和SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马神经元凋亡增多,Bax、cleaved-caspase-3蛋白表达水平升高,Bcl-2、GPX4、xCT蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001);与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马神经元凋亡减少,Bax、cleaved-caspase3蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05),Bcl-2、GPX4、xCT蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05)。(3)体外细胞实验中PI染色和ELISA法检测结果显示,与对照组比较,SEV组小鼠海马神经元PI阳性率、MDA水平和铁含量均明显增高(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001);与SEV组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组和SEV+Fer-1组小鼠海马神经元PI染色阳性率、MDA水平、铁含量和ROS水平均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 SEV麻醉可降低老年小鼠海马组织和神经元中SIRT1的表达水平;SIRT1上调可减轻SEV暴露诱导的神经元死亡和铁死亡。

, correspAuthors=曹维福, authorNote=null, correspAuthorsNote=
曹维福,E-mail:
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刘宝林,主治医师,主要从事电针麻醉方面的研究

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刘宝林,主治医师,主要从事电针麻醉方面的研究

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J Food Biochem, 2021, 45(2): e13623., articleTitle=Hawthorn polyphenols reduce high glucose-induced inflammation and apoptosis in ARPE-19 cells by regulating miR-34a/SIRT1 to reduce acetylation, refAbstract=null)], funds=[Fund(id=1194702855891296759, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, awardId=2020SJB4, language=EN, fundingSource=Henan Province Science and Technology Research Project(2020SJB4), fundOrder=null, country=null), Fund(id=1194702856017125880, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, awardId=2020SJB4, language=CN, fundingSource=河南省医学科技攻关计划(2020SJB4), fundOrder=null, country=null)], companyList=[AuthorCompany(id=1194702853538292178, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, xref=null, ext=[AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194702853546680787, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, companyId=1194702853538292178, language=EN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=Department of Anesthesiology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China), AuthorCompanyExt(id=1194702853559263700, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, companyId=1194702853538292178, language=CN, country=null, province=null, city=null, postcode=null, companyName=null, departmentName=null, remark=南阳市第一人民医院麻醉科,河南南阳 473000)])], figs=[ArticleFig(id=1194702854888858089, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=EN, label=Fig.1, caption=Expression of SIRT1 after exposure to sevoflurane (SEV) in hippocampus of mouse (Western blotting, n=8), figureFileSmall=5H6vh3EjUGGYE5xnXfiMlA==, figureFileBig=MbVgGc771Zu3SdM4jjCnlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702854964355562, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=CN, label=图1, caption=七氟烷(SEV)暴露后小鼠海马中SIRT1蛋白表达水平(Western blotting,n=8)

SIRT1. 沉默信息调节因子1;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01

, figureFileSmall=5H6vh3EjUGGYE5xnXfiMlA==, figureFileBig=MbVgGc771Zu3SdM4jjCnlA==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855052435947, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=EN, label=Fig.2, caption=Effects of transfection of AAV-SIRT1 on expression of SIRT1 in the brain of mouse (Western blotting, n=6), figureFileSmall=B8OZ/YSggDZhbOpCphtsZw==, figureFileBig=LWt6t9RXACU1j2W+qNAM2w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855111156204, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=CN, label=图2, caption=小鼠脑内AAV-SIRT1转染对SIRT1表达的影响(Western blotting,n=6)

SEV. 七氟烷;SIRT1. 沉默信息调节因子1;与AAV-GFP组比较,(1)P<0.01;与AAV-SIRT1组比较,(2)P<0.01

, figureFileSmall=B8OZ/YSggDZhbOpCphtsZw==, figureFileBig=LWt6t9RXACU1j2W+qNAM2w==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855186653677, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=EN, label=Fig.3, caption=Effects of SIRT1 on postoperative cognitive dysfunction induced by sevoflurane (SEV) in aged mice (Morris water maze test, n=10), figureFileSmall=Cicoo32M1LI7q604SGo7vA==, figureFileBig=i5xEKsKBFqwO3MGeKDgx+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855249568238, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=CN, label=图3, caption=SIRT1对七氟烷(SEV)诱导的老年小鼠术后认知功能障碍的影响(Morris水迷宫实验,n=10)

SIRT1. 沉默信息调节因子1;A. 训练阶段小鼠的逃逸潜伏期(找到隐藏平台的时间);B. 麻醉后7 d的平均游泳速度;C. 麻醉后1、3和7 d的逃逸潜伏期;D. 麻醉后7 d小鼠穿越原始平台的次数;E. 麻醉后7 d移除隐藏平台的小鼠代表性游泳轨迹;与AAV-GFP组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01;与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=Cicoo32M1LI7q604SGo7vA==, figureFileBig=i5xEKsKBFqwO3MGeKDgx+g==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855304094191, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=EN, label=Fig.4, caption=Effects of SIRT1 on pathology of mouse hippocampus tissue induced by sevoflurance (SEV) (n=6), figureFileSmall=X6/BNYRAlqkv6PEqoVUruw==, figureFileBig=EntvQAXDtMWr0McD0PKB7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855371203056, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=CN, label=图4, caption=SIRT1对七氟烷(SEV)诱导的小鼠海马组织病理改变的影响(n=6)

SIRT1. 沉默信息调节因子1;cleaved-caspase-3. 活化胱天蛋白酶-3;Bax. Bcl-2关联X蛋白;A. 麻醉后7 d小鼠海马CA1区HE染色;B. 麻醉后7 d小鼠海马CA1区TUNEL染色;C. 麻醉后7 d小鼠海马组织中凋亡相关蛋白(Bax、cleaved-caspase-3和Bcl-2)的Western blotting检测结果;与AAV-GFP组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01,(3)P<0.001;与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,(4)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=X6/BNYRAlqkv6PEqoVUruw==, figureFileBig=EntvQAXDtMWr0McD0PKB7Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855429923313, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=EN, label=Fig.5, caption=Effects of SIRT1 on expression of ferroptosis associated proteins GPX4 and XCT in mouse hippocampus tissue (n=6), figureFileSmall=9LM5bPgG+YgVEOz3FPKbTg==, figureFileBig=FGwKOqbzgCK6UNl2o8SMBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855484449266, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=CN, label=图5, caption=SIRT1对小鼠海马组织铁死亡相关蛋白GPX4和xCT表达的影响(n=6)

SEV. 七氟烷;SIRT1. 沉默信息调节因子1;GPX4. 谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶 4;xCT. 胱氨酸转运蛋白SLC7A11;A. 小鼠海马CA1区GPX4的表达(免疫组化染色);B. GPX4和xCT蛋白表达水平(Western blotting);与AAV-GFP组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01;与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,(3)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=9LM5bPgG+YgVEOz3FPKbTg==, figureFileBig=FGwKOqbzgCK6UNl2o8SMBw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855547363827, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=EN, label=Fig.6, caption=Effects of sevoflurance (SEV) on ferroptosis of neurons from mouse hippocampus (n=3), figureFileSmall=vom1GLpvXxESEemhT3a0tg==, figureFileBig=liId3lLD4W0LvzUCWPml9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855610278388, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=CN, label=图6, caption=七氟烷(SEV)对小鼠海马神经元铁死亡的影响(n=3)

SIRT1. 沉默信息调节因子1;PI. 碘化丙啶;A. SEV暴露的小鼠原代神经元的PI染色;B. SEV处理的小鼠神经元中MDA水平和铁相对含量的ELISA检测结果;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01,(3)P<0.001;与5.0% SEV组比较,(4)P<0.05

, figureFileSmall=vom1GLpvXxESEemhT3a0tg==, figureFileBig=liId3lLD4W0LvzUCWPml9Q==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855668998645, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=EN, label=Fig.7, caption=The effects of SIRT1 on ferroptosis induced by sevoflurance (SEV) a in mouse hippocampus (n=3), figureFileSmall=oQq6sTUBwfLSjANzHwoejQ==, figureFileBig=2L9454P1sU8ejZnTJvzOmw==, tableContent=null), ArticleFig(id=1194702855731913206, tenantId=1146029695717560320, journalId=1189873630562394117, articleId=1194613948243746999, language=CN, label=图7, caption=SIRT1对七氟烷(SEV)诱导的小鼠海马神经元铁死亡的影响 (n=3)

SIRT1. 沉默信息调节因子1;ROS. 活性氧;Fer-1. 亚铁素-1;A. AAV-SIRT1转染后小鼠神经元中SIRT1 mRNA表达的PCR检测;B. AAV-SIRT1处理的小鼠神经元中的MDA水平和铁相对含量;C. SEV暴露的小鼠原代神经元PI染色;D. AAV-SIRT1处理的小鼠神经元中ROS的荧光探针分析结果;与对照组比较,(1)P<0.05,(2)P<0.01,(3)P<0.001;与SEV组比较,(4)P<0.05,(5)P<0.01,(6)P<0.001

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SIRT1介导的铁死亡在老年小鼠术后认知功能障碍中的作用及其机制
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刘宝林 , 曹维福 *
解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2025,50(3): 332-340
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解放军医学杂志 | 基础研究 2025, 50(3): 332-340
SIRT1介导的铁死亡在老年小鼠术后认知功能障碍中的作用及其机制
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刘宝林, 曹维福*
作者信息
  • 南阳市第一人民医院麻醉科,河南南阳 473000
  • 刘宝林,主治医师,主要从事电针麻醉方面的研究

通讯作者:

曹维福,E-mail:
The role and mechanism of SIRT1-mediated ferroptosis in postoperative cognitive dysfunction of aged mice
Bao-Lin Liu, Wei-Fu Cao*
Affiliations
  • Department of Anesthesiology, Nanyang First People's Hospital, Nanyang, Henan 473000, China
出版时间: 2025-03-28 doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0526.2024.1025
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目的 探讨沉默信息调节因子1 (SIRT1)对七氟烷(SEV)麻醉老年小鼠术后认知功能障碍(POCD)的作用及其机制。方法 (1)将雄性C57BL/6老年(15月龄)小鼠随机分为对照组(n=8)与SEV组(n=24),采用Western blotting检测小鼠2% SEV暴露后1、3、7 d海马组织中SIRT1的表达水平。(2)将15月龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠随机分为AAV-GFP组、AAV-SIRT1组、SEV+AAV-GFP组与SEV+AAV-SIRT1组,每组20只。将AAV-SIRT1载体和对照载体AAV-GFP分别转染至相应组别小鼠脑内;5 d后,相应组别小鼠在2% SEV中暴露5 h。采用Morris水迷宫实验评估小鼠SEV暴露前后的空间记忆功能,TUNEL染色分析海马神经元凋亡情况,Western blotting检测海马组织中SIRT1、胱氨酸转运蛋白SLC7A11 (xCT)和谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4(GPX4)的表达水平。(3)将小鼠海马神经元分为对照组、AAV-SIRT1组、Fer-1组、SEV组、SEV+AAV-SIRT1组与SEV+铁死亡抑制剂亚铁素-1(Fer-1)组。SEV组、SEV+AAV-SIRT1组和SEV+Fer-1组神经元暴露在5% SEV中4 h,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组和SEV+Fer-1组在SEV暴露前分别进行AAV-SIRT1转染或Fer-1处理。采用碘化丙啶(PI)染色评估细胞死亡情况,ELISA法检测丙二醛(MDA)水平和铁含量,荧光探针检测活性氧(ROS)水平。结果 (1)Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组比较,SEV组小鼠海马组织中SIRT1蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05)。(2)Morris水迷宫实验结果显示,与AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-GFP组和SEV+AAV-SIRT1组逃逸潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05),穿越原始平台的次数明显减少(P<0.05);与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组逃逸潜伏期明显缩短(P<0.05),在第7天穿越原始平台的次数明显增多(P<0.05或P<0.01)。TUNEL染色、Western blotting和免疫组化检测结果显示,与AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-GFP组和SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马神经元凋亡增多,Bax、cleaved-caspase-3蛋白表达水平升高,Bcl-2、GPX4、xCT蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001);与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马神经元凋亡减少,Bax、cleaved-caspase3蛋白表达水平降低(P<0.05),Bcl-2、GPX4、xCT蛋白表达水平升高(P<0.05)。(3)体外细胞实验中PI染色和ELISA法检测结果显示,与对照组比较,SEV组小鼠海马神经元PI阳性率、MDA水平和铁含量均明显增高(P<0.05或P<0.01或P<0.001);与SEV组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组和SEV+Fer-1组小鼠海马神经元PI染色阳性率、MDA水平、铁含量和ROS水平均明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01)。结论 SEV麻醉可降低老年小鼠海马组织和神经元中SIRT1的表达水平;SIRT1上调可减轻SEV暴露诱导的神经元死亡和铁死亡。

沉默信息调节因子1  /  铁死亡  /  老年小鼠  /  七氟烷  /  认知功能

Objective To explore the role and mechanism of silent information regulator 1 (SIRT1) in postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) of aged mice following sevoflurane (SEV) anesthesia. Methods (1) Fifteen-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into control group (n=8) and SEV group (n=24), and SIRT1 expression in hippocampus of mice was assessed using Western blotting on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after 2% SEV exposure. (2) Fifteen-month-old male C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into AAV-GFP, AAV-SIRT1, SEV+AAV-GFP and SEV+AAV-SIRT1 groups (n=20). AAV-SIRT1 and control AAV-GFP vectors were transfected into the brain of mice respectively. Five days after the transfection, the corresponding groups of mice were exposed to 2% SEV for 5 h. Morris water maze test was used to evaluate the spatial memory of mice before and after SEV exposure, TUNEL staining was applied to assess hippocampal neurons apoptosis, and Western blotting was utilized to measure the expression levels of SIRT1, xCT and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4). (3) Hippocampal neurons of mice were divided into control, AAV-SIRT1, Fer-1, SEV, SEV+AAV-SIRT1 and SEV+ferrostatin-1 (Fer-1) groups. Neurons in SEV, SEV+AAV-SIRT1 and SEV+Fer-1 groups were exposed to 5% SEV for 4 h. SEV+AAV-SIRT1 and SEV+Fer-1 groups were transfected with AAV-SIRT1 or treated with Fer-1 respectively prior to SEV exposure. Neuronal death was evaluated via propidium iodide (PI) staining. Malondialdehyde (MDA) level and iron content were determined using ELISA, reactive oxygen species (ROS) level was determined using fluorescence probes. Results (1) Western blotting revealed a significant reduction in SIRT1 protein expression levels in the hippocampus tissue of SEV group mice compared to control group (P<0.05). (2) Morris water maze test results showed that, compared with AAV-GFP group, the escape latency of mice in SEV+AAV-GFP and SEV+AAV-SIRT1 groups significantly prolonged (P<0.05), and the frequency of crossing the platform significantly decreased (P<0.05). Compared with SEV+AAV-GFP group, the escape latency of mice in SEV+AAV-SIRT1 group shortened (P<0.05), and the frequency of crossing the platform on the 7th day increased (P<0.05). TUNEL staining, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry indicated that the apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression levels significantly increased in SEV+AAV-GFP and SEV+AAV-SIRT1 groups compared with those in AAV-GFP group, while the expression of Bcl-2, GPX4, and xCT protein expression levels significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01 or P<0.001). Compared with SEV+AAV-GFP group, SEV+AAV-SIRT1 group showed that apoptosis of hippocampal neurons, Bax and cleaved-caspase-3 protein expression levels significantly decreased (P<0.05), while Bcl-2, GPX4, and xCT protein expression levels significantly increased (P<0.05). (3) In vitro, PI staining and ELISA demonstrated significantly increased PI positive rate, MDA level and iron content in hippocampus neurons of SEV group compared to control group (P<0.01). Compared with SEV group, the positive rate of PI staining, MDA level, iron content and ROS level in hippocampus neurons of SEV+AAV-SIRT1 and SEV+Fer-1 groups significantly decreased (P<0.05). Conclusions SEV anesthesia leads to a decrease in SIRT1 expression in hippocampus and neurons of aged mice, and the upregulation of SIRT1 could alleviate SEV-induced neuronal death and ferroptosis.

silent information regulator of transcription 1  /  ferroptosis  /  aged mice  /  sevoflurane  /  cognitive function
刘宝林, 曹维福. SIRT1介导的铁死亡在老年小鼠术后认知功能障碍中的作用及其机制. 解放军医学杂志, 2025 , 50 (3) : 332 -340 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0526.2024.1025
Bao-Lin Liu, Wei-Fu Cao. The role and mechanism of SIRT1-mediated ferroptosis in postoperative cognitive dysfunction of aged mice[J]. Medical Journal of Chinese People’s Liberation Army, 2025 , 50 (3) : 332 -340 . DOI: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0526.2024.1025
术后认知功能障碍 (postoperative cognitive dysfunction,POCD)是麻醉和手术后的一种中枢神经系统并发症,多发生在老年人群[1]。POCD的病因与患者本身、手术、麻醉等多种因素有关,涉及的机制较为复杂。七氟烷 (sevoflurane,SEV)是临床常用于多种手术的麻醉剂。研究显示,SEV具有心脏保护作用[2],但SEV麻醉的成年大鼠呈现空间记忆能力受损[3],SEV麻醉引起认知障碍的潜在机制包括内质网压力、线粒体刺激、炎症和神经元凋亡等[4-5]。这些结果提示SEV可加重认知障碍,但SEV诱导POCD的机制仍未明确。沉默信息调节因子1 (silent information regulator of transcription 1,SIRT1)是一种烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸依赖的组蛋白去乙酰化酶,参与多种生物学过程,包括衰老、神经发育、癌症和代谢性疾病,并在认知功能中发挥重要作用[6-9]。SIRT1敲除的小鼠呈现出记忆和突触可塑性受损[8]。SIRT1过表达或激活可改善阿尔茨海默病模型小鼠的学习记忆能力及认知功能[10]。近期研究显示,激活SIRT1可缓解蛛网膜下腔出血后早期脑损伤中的铁死亡[11]。但SIRT1是否通过调控铁死亡参与SEV诱导的认知功能损害仍不清楚。本研究探讨SIRT1在SEV麻醉介导的老年小鼠POCD中的作用及其潜在机制,以期为相关的药物开发和治疗研究提供参考。
15月龄雄性C57BL/6小鼠(视为老年动物[12])112只,体重24~30 g,购自北京华阜康生物科技股份有限公司。所有小鼠均置于室温22~24 ℃、湿度50%~60%、12 h/12 h昼夜循环的环境中,可自由获取食物和水。本研究经南阳市第一人民医院动物伦理委员会批准 (20220508),动物饲养和实验操作符合国家和单位的相关规定。(1)为了观察SEV麻醉对SIRT1表达的影响,将32只小鼠随机分为对照组(n=8)与SEV组(n=24)。SEV组小鼠置于麻醉室中,在2% SEV (CAS号:28523-86-6,美国Selleck Chemicals公司)中暴露5 h;对照组小鼠在没有SEV暴露的情况下进行相同程序。分别于SEV暴露后1、3、7 d各处死SEV组小鼠8只,收集海马组织,采用Western blotting检测海马组织中SIRT1的表达水平。(2)为了观察SIRT1上调对SEV诱导的老年小鼠POCD的影响,将80只小鼠随机分为AAV-GFP组、AAV-SIRT1组、SEV+AAV-GFP组与SEV+AAV-SIRT1组,每组20只。通过Entranster体内转染试剂(25 μl/只,南京金斯瑞生物科技有限公司)对小鼠大脑进行体内转染,将AAV2/9-SIRT1-3*flag-GFP(AAV-SIRT1)载体和对照载体AAV2/9-GFP(AAV-GFP)[汉恒生物科技(上海)有限公司]以0.1 μl/min的速度注入小鼠双侧海马(每侧1 μl;位置:前侧3.5 mm,中侧±2.0 mm,背腹3.5 mm)。5 d后,相应(SEV)组别的小鼠在2% SEV中暴露5 h。
在SEV暴露前1~5 d和暴露后进行水迷宫实验,评估各组小鼠的空间记忆功能。水迷宫实验在一个圆形黑色水池(直径120 cm,深度21 cm)内完成,由不透明的水填充,水温(24±1) ℃。将水池分成4个象限,一个隐形的平台(圆形,直径12 cm,低于水面2 cm)隐藏在水池的指定目标象限内。小鼠在麻醉前连续训练5 d,每只小鼠每天测试4次,每次将小鼠以不同的起始位置面对池壁,测试持续到小鼠发现平台为止,未能在90 s内找到逃生平台的小鼠被实验者轻轻放在平台上15 s。测试试验在SEV暴露后1、3和7 d各进行一次,记录小鼠找到隐藏平台的潜伏时间。第7天,将平台从水池中移出,在最后一次测试的入口处将动物从象限中放出,让其游泳60 s,同时记录其穿越原始平台的次数。
在Morris水迷宫实验后(SEV暴露后第7天)取小鼠脑组织。用2%戊巴比妥钠 (40 mg/kg)腹腔注射麻醉小鼠,切开右心房并用肝素化的0.9% NaCl注射液和4%甲醛溶液进行经心灌注;提取脑组织并在4 ℃下用0.9% NaCl注射液冲洗;将大脑剥离并在4%甲醛溶液中固定过夜,在含15%蔗糖的0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液(pH 7.4、4 ℃)中固定24 h,然后在含30%蔗糖的0.1 mol/L磷酸盐缓冲液 (pH 7.4,4 ℃)中固定24~48 h。将样本嵌入石蜡中。在冠状面切割海马的石蜡包埋脑切片 (厚度5 μm),用苏木精和伊红染色。光学显微镜下观察海马组织的病理变化。每组分析6只小鼠的大脑切片。
小鼠大脑石蜡包埋后切片 (厚度5 μm);对切片进行脱蜡处理后,抗原修复30 min,3%牛血清白蛋白 (BSA,美国Sigma公司)封闭30 min,加入谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶4 (glutathione peroxidase 4,GPX4)抗体在4 ℃下孵育过夜进行免疫组化染色,然后将切片与生物素化的第二抗体在室温下孵育2 h,再用第三抗体孵育30 min,最后在DAB中显影5 min,迅速脱水并密封。光学显微镜下观察,并采用ImageJ软件分析图像的荧光强度。每组分析6只小鼠的大脑切片,结果表示为GPX4免疫染色占组织面积的百分比。
采用原位细胞死亡检测试剂盒(瑞士Roche公司)进行终端脱氧核苷酸转移酶dUTP缺口标记(TUNEL)反应,然后用DAPI溶液(北京索莱宝科技有限公司)对切片进行细胞核染色,在共聚焦显微镜(日本Olympus公司)下观察并拍照。每组分析6只小鼠的大脑切片,结果表示为相对于对照组的TUNEL阳性细胞表达水平。
使用RIPA缓冲液和1× 蛋白酶抑制剂混合物(上海碧云天生物技术股份有限公司)对各组海马组织进行匀浆,12 000×g离心20 min后收集上清液,采用二辛可宁酸蛋白质测定试剂盒(上海碧云天生物科技有限公司)测定蛋白浓度。通过SDS-PAGE分离30 μg蛋白的等分试样并转移到硝酸纤维素膜上,然后用PBS(pH 7.4)中的5%脱脂奶粉封闭。将膜与抗SIRT1(1:1000)、Bcl-2(1:500)、cleaved-caspase-3(1:1000)、Bax(1:500)、xCT(1:1000)、GPX4(1:500)和GAPDH(1:2000)抗体(购自英国Abcam公司)在4 ℃下孵育过夜。在室温下将印迹在辣根过氧化物酶偶联的兔IgG(1:5000,美国Proteintech公司)二抗中孵育2 h。用TBST缓冲液反复洗涤后,应用ECL试剂盒[安诺伦(北京)生物科技有限公司]的化学发光试剂对膜进行显影并通过VersaDoc 4000MP系统(美国Bio-Rad公司)捕获图像,条带密度用自带的Quantity One软件进行分析,结果表示为相对于对照组的表达水平。
取出生后24 h的C57BL/6小鼠大脑,在冷冻的解剖缓冲液中解剖海马。使用木瓜蛋白酶对海马神经元进行消化并适度滴定。使用无血清的B27-plus神经基质培养基 (美国赛默飞世尔科技公司)培养分离的神经元,然后将其接种于12孔板中的聚二甲基赖氨酸涂层切片上(1.5×104个细胞/cm2),在37 ℃、5% CO2的湿润环境中培养,每3 d进行半数换液。培养21 d后,细胞变老[13];将神经元暴露在2.5%或5.0%的SEV中4 h,暴露后24 h收集细胞进行相关检测。用铁死亡抑制剂亚铁素-1(ferrostatin-1,Fer-1;CAS号347174-05-4,美国Selleck Chemicals公司)处理神经元,浓度为10 μmol/L,同时将其暴露于5.0% SEV中4 h。为了考察SIRT1在SEV诱导细胞铁死亡中的作用,将小鼠海马神经元随机分为6组:对照组、AAV-SIRT1组、Fer-1组、SEV组、SEV+AAV-SIRT1组与SEV+Fer-1组。对照组神经元采用空白溶液处理;AAV-SIRT1组神经元通过Lipofectamine 3000转染AAV-SIRT1 48 h;Fer-1组采用10 μmol/L Fer-1处理神经元;SEV组、SEV+AAV-SIRT1组和SEV+Fer-1组将神经元暴露在5.0% SEV中4 h,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组和SEV+Fer-1组在暴露前分别进行AAV-SIRT1转染或Fer-1处理。
在96孔板中加入含2×104个细胞的悬浮液。细胞变老后,按照1.2.5的小鼠海马神经元分组处理细胞,并加入PI染料(P4170,美国Sigma-Aldrich公司)处理0.5 h,光学显微镜下观察PI染色情况,结果表示为PI阳性细胞率。
按照1.2.5的小鼠海马神经元分组处理细胞后,弃去培养基。在每个孔中加入稀释的BODIPY 581/591C11试剂(美国Invitrogen公司)处理0.5 h,在荧光显微镜下拍照,用ImageJ软件计算绿色荧光强度(氧化态,510 nm)与红色荧光强度(非氧化态,590 nm)的比值。
使用MDA酶联免疫吸附试验(enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay,ELISA)试剂盒(南京建成生物工程研究所)测定神经元匀浆中的MDA水平,结果表示为1 mg蛋白中MDA水平(mmol)。使用铁比色检测试剂盒(英国Abcam公司)检测细胞中的铁含量,结果表示为相对于对照组的铁含量。
分别用TRIpure总RNA提取试剂和Super M-MLV反转录酶(北京百泰克生物技术有限公司)从细胞和海马CA1区中提取总RNA并反转录成cDNA。准备好cDNA模板、特异性基因引物和稀释后的2× Plus SYBR实时PCR预混液(北京百泰克生物技术有限公司)的混合物,进行实时定量PCR。引物序列:SIRT1正向5'-GGTTACGCTGAGCCCCCGACA-3',反向5'-ATCTTGTGAGCCATTCCCA-3';GAPDH正向5'-AGGTCGGTGTGAACGGATTTG-3',反向5'-GGGTCGTTGATGGCAACA-3'。以GAPDH为内参照,采用2-ΔΔCt法计算SIRT1 mRNA表达水平。
采用SPSS 18.0软件进行统计分析。计量数据均符合正态分布,以$\bar{x}±s$表示,多组间比较使用Tukey多重比较检验,进一步两两比较采用不成对t检验或单向ANOVA分析。P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。
Western blotting检测结果显示,与对照组比较,SEV处理后1、3、7 d,小鼠海马中SIRT1蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01,图1);与AAV-GFP组比较,AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马中SIRT1蛋白表达水平明显增高(P<0.01),SEV+AAV-GFP组SIRT1蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01);与AAV-SIRT1组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马中SIRT1蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01,图2)。
Morris水迷宫实验结果显示,麻醉前各组小鼠的逃逸潜伏期比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05,图3A)。麻醉后7 d,各组小鼠的平均游泳速度比较差异无统计学意义(P=0.725,图3B)。麻醉后,与AAV-GFP组比较,AAV-SIRT1组、SEV+AAV-GFP组和SEV+AAV-SIRT1组的逃逸潜伏期明显延长(P<0.05);与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组的逃逸潜伏差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)(图3C)。麻醉后第7天,与AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-GFP组和SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠穿越原始平台的次数明显减少(P<0.05或P<0.01);与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠穿越原始平台的次数明显增多(P<0.05,图3D、E)。
HE染色结果显示,AAV-GFP组和AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马锥体细胞呈圆形,形态规则,细胞核浅染,细胞质染色均匀;SEV+AAV-GFP组小鼠海马呈现明显的神经元排列紊乱,具有嗜酸性变;SEV+AAV-SIRT1组上述病理改变得到缓解(图4A)。TUNEL染色结果显示,与AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-GFP组和SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马组织中凋亡神经元明显增多(P<0.05或P<0.01);与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马组织中凋亡神经元明显减少(P<0.05,图4B)。
Western blotting检测结果显示,与AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-GFP组和SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马组织中Bax、cleaved-caspase-3蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05或P<0.01),而Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.01);与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马组织中Bax、cleaved-caspase-3蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05),而Bcl-2蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05,图4C)。
免疫组化染色和Western blotting检测结果显示,与AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-GFP组和SEV+AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马组织中GPX4和xCT 蛋白表达水平明显降低(P<0.05或P<0.01);与SEV+AAV-GFP组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组海马组织中GPX4和xCT 蛋白表达水平明显升高(P<0.05,图5)。
PI染色结果显示,与对照组比较,2.5% SEV组和5.0% SEV组小鼠海马神经元PI阳性率明显增高(P<0.01或P<0.001);与5.0% SEV组相比,5.0% SEV+Fer-1组小鼠海马神经元PI阳性率明显降低(P<0.05,图6A)。ELISA法检测结果显示,与对照组比较,2.5% SEV组和5.0% SEV组小鼠海马神经元MDA水平和铁含量明显增高(P<0.01或P<0.001);与5.0% SEV组比较,5.0% SEV+Fer-1组小鼠海马神经元MDA水平和铁含量明显降低(P<0.05,图6B)。
实时PCR检测结果显示,与对照组比较,SEV组小鼠海马神经元中SIRT1 mRNA表达水平明显降低(P<0.001),AAV-SIRT1组小鼠海马神经元中SIRT1 mRNA表达水平明显增高(P<0.001,图7A)。与SEV组比较,SEV+AAV-SIRT1组和SEV+Fer-1组小鼠海马神经元中PI阳性率、MDA水平、铁含量和ROS水平均明显降低(P<0.05,图7B-D)。
SEV诱导POCD的机制错综复杂,其基础是手术和麻醉引起的老年患者中枢神经系统变性。有研究显示,吸入2%的SEV 5 h可建立POCD动物模型,该SEV浓度接近临床应用剂量[14-15]。另有研究报道,接受SEV麻醉的部分老年患者可出现不同程度的认知功能障碍[16-17],本研究在SEV麻醉的动物模型中也观察到类似现象,与其一致。本研究选择Morris水迷宫实验评估SIRT1对SEV麻醉后POCD的影响。Morris水迷宫实验常用于啮齿类动物,可检测小鼠的学习和记忆能力[12]。本研究结果显示,麻醉前各组小鼠表现差异无统计学意义,但2% SEV暴露5 h后小鼠出现明显的学习和记忆障碍,表现为逃逸潜伏期延长及原始平台穿越次数减少,与既往研究结果一致[18]。此外,本研究还观察到向小鼠海马内注射AAV-SIRT1可明显缓解SEV诱导的记忆缺陷。上述结果提示,SIRT1表达上调可明显减轻SEV诱导的老年大鼠认知障碍。
研究显示,海马在空间记忆的形成中起重要作用,但其结构和功能易受外部手术/麻醉刺激的负面影响[19-20]。SEV诱导的神经毒性可造成海马神经元发生多种形式的细胞死亡,如凋亡、自噬和坏死性凋亡[21]。SEV诱导认知功能下降的机制与多种因素密切相关,包括钙超载、炎性趋化因子(如肿瘤坏死因子-α、白细胞介素-6、Toll样受体4)、氧化应激等[22];值得注意的是,上述指标与铁死亡的发生有关[23]。但这些指标是否参与SEV诱导的铁死亡尚不清楚。本研究观察了SEV暴露对小鼠海马神经元功能及其相关调控分子的影响,发现SEV干预后小鼠海马组织和神经元中SIRT1的表达明显下调,且SEV处理后细胞死亡明显增加,这可能部分归因于铁死亡;对铁死亡的相关指标进行检测发现,SEV可促进神经元铁死亡,而铁死亡抑制剂Fer-1可抑制神经元铁死亡;SIRT1表达上调的海马神经元在SEV作用下细胞死亡减少、铁死亡相关指标降低,这与Fer-1对暴露于SEV神经元的保护作用一致。上述结果提示,SIRT1表达上调可减轻SEV暴露诱导的神经元铁死亡。
SIRT1参与了多种细胞及生理过程的调节,包括神经发育、脑缺血、神经病理性疼痛、情绪障碍、衰老等[10]。SIRT1还被证实在海马体的神经元中高度表达,而海马是学习和记忆的关键结构,对于正常的认知功能必不可少[13]。近期研究显示,SIRT1功能降低与认知功能减退和痴呆有关[11]。还有研究认为,SIRT1可影响小鼠海马的空间记忆和突触可塑性[24]。本研究结果显示,通过向小鼠海马内注射AAV-SIRT1使海马组织过表达SIRT1,可逆转SEV诱导的小鼠认知功能下降;SIRT1表达上调可减少铁死亡相关蛋白GPX4和xCT的表达。上述结果提示,上调SIRT1可能直接或间接调节铁死亡相关通路,推测SIRT1通过GPX4调节铁死亡,并参与SEV麻醉诱导的认知功能障碍和神经元损伤的调节。
综上所述,本研究结果显示,SEV麻醉可降低小鼠海马组织和神经元中SIRT1的表达水平,而上调SIRT1的表达可减轻SEV暴露诱导的神经元死亡和铁死亡。上述结果有助于探究SEV引起认知功能障碍的机制,并可为开发靶向SIRT1的药物以治疗POCD提供理论基础。
  • 河南省医学科技攻关计划(2020SJB4)
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doi: 10.11855/j.issn.0577-7402.0526.2024.1025
  • 接收时间:2024-04-19
  • 首发时间:2025-11-10
  • 出版时间:2025-03-28
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  • 收稿日期:2024-04-19
  • 录用日期:2024-07-13
基金
Henan Province Science and Technology Research Project(2020SJB4)
河南省医学科技攻关计划(2020SJB4)
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    南阳市第一人民医院麻醉科,河南南阳 473000

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2种不同金属材料的力学参数

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属数
Number of
genus
种数
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species
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Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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