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New insights into the skeletal muscle circadian clock in ruminants
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Qiangjun Wang1, Yuxin Chen1, Yale Chen1, Yinghui Ling1, Shuai Gao2, Zijun Zhang1, *, Dalong Ren1, *
Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology | 2026, 17(4) : 1864 - 1877
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Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology | 2026, 17(4): 1864-1877
• INVITED REVIEW PAPER •
New insights into the skeletal muscle circadian clock in ruminants
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Qiangjun Wang1, Yuxin Chen1, Yale Chen1, Yinghui Ling1, Shuai Gao2, Zijun Zhang1, *, Dalong Ren1, *
Affiliations
  • 1College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
  • 2College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
Published: 2026-08-15 doi: 10.1186/s40104-026-01376-0
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Circadian rhythms are endogenous oscillations with a period of approximately 24 h. They enable organisms to anticipate and adapt to daily environmental changes, such as light and temperature. As the largest metabolic and motor organ in the body, skeletal muscle plays a decisive role in determining meat production efficiency in ruminants. Skeletal muscle development is largely governed by the proliferation and myogenic differentiation capacity of skeletal muscle satellite cells (SMSCs). More than 2,300 genes in skeletal muscle exhibit circadian oscillatory expression and are extensively involved in myogenesis, transcriptional regulation, and metabolic processes. The rhythmic expression of these genes is modulated by external factors including the photoperiod, feeding behavior, gut microbiota, and physical activity. Disruption of the endogenous circadian timing system can inhibit SMSC proliferation and myogenic differentiation, thereby impairing normal muscle development. Therefore, this review focuses on key management aspects of ruminant production—such as environmental control, nutritional regulation, and exercise management— and systematically elaborates on how these husbandry strategies may influence SMSC fate by modulating the circadian clock, along with the underlying molecular mechanisms.

Circadian clock  /  Myogenic differentiation  /  Ruminants  /  Satellite cells  /  Skeletal muscle
Qiangjun Wang, Yuxin Chen, Yale Chen, Yinghui Ling, Shuai Gao, Zijun Zhang, Dalong Ren. New insights into the skeletal muscle circadian clock in ruminants[J]. Journal of Animal Science and Biotechnology, 2026 , 17 (4) : 1864 -1877 . DOI: 10.1186/s40104-026-01376-0
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Funding
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  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302802; 32573194)
  • National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1300202)
  • CARS(CARS-38)
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Year 2026 volume 17 Issue 4
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Article Info
doi: 10.1186/s40104-026-01376-0
  • Receive Date：2025-11-04
  • Online Date：2026-08-13
  • Published：2026-08-15
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2025-11-04
  • Accepted：2026-02-02
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China(32302802; 32573194)
National Key Research and Development Program of China(2022YFD1300202)
CARS(CARS-38)
Affiliations
    1College of Animal Science and Technology, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei 230036, China
    2College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)		 属
Genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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