Dissolved oxygen (DO) is fundamental to maintaining the balance and stability of marine ecosystems. Under the combined influence of climate warming and intensified human activities, hypoxia in coastal waters worldwide is increasing in severity and spatial extent, making deoxygenation a major threat to coastal ecosystem health. As a typical semi-enclosed sea, the Bohai Sea is subject to multiple environmental pressures, including ocean warming, eutrophication, and rapid socio-economic development. In recent years, varying degrees of hypoxia have been reported across multiple subregions of the Bohai Sea, with hypoxic centers primarily located northeast of the Yellow River estuary and southeast of Qinhuangdao (occurring ≥3 times). This study reviews domestic and international research on hypoxia in the Bohai Sea, characterizes the spatial distribution patterns of summer hypoxia over the past two decades, and summarizes the dominant controlling processes. It further outlines the long-term development trends and their influencing factors in the Bohai Sea and proposes key directions for future research on hypoxia in the region. The study aims to provide a scientific basis and decision-making support for ecological health assessment and marine resource management in the region.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |