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In the autumn of 2014, a comprehensive survey of hydrology, chemistry and biology in the Bohai Sea was carried out. The structure characteristics of phytoplankton community in the Bohai Sea were studied. The historical data were combined to analyze the formation of phytoplankton community structure. Three classes, including 42 genera, 96 species were found in the survey. Among of them, diatoms are the main species, with 34 genera and 79 species, accounting for 82% of the total species; 16 species of 7 genera of the dinoflagellates account for 17% of the total species; and 1 species of 1 genera of the Chrysophyta. Among them, the genera of Chaetoceros has the most species, a total of 17 species, followed by the genera of Coscinodiscus, a total of 13 species. The total cell abundance of phytoplankton is between 0.71×104 cells/m3 to 72.15×104 cells/m3, with an average of 13.88×104 cells/m3. The cell abundance ratio of diatom to dinoflagellate is 2∶1. The abundance of diatoms in the Laizhou Bay is significantly higher than that in other sea areas. The cell abundance of dinoflagellates in the central Bohai Sea is significantly higher than that in other sea areas. The dominant species of phytoplankton are mainly Coscinodiscus asteromphalus, C. wailesii, Paralia sulcata, Ceratium fusus and Noctiluca. Scintillans. Horizontal distribution of phytoplankton community diversity in the Bohai Sea is uneven in autumn, and the diversity of local sea area is reduced due to the overproduction of single dominant species, the low value areas in autumn are distributed in the Liaodong Bay and the Bohai Strait. Compared with the historical data, the phytoplankton community in the Bohai Sea have obvious species succession. The genara of Ceratium has gradually emerged, its dominance in the central Bohai Sea and Liaodong Bay have surpassed the genara of Chaetoceros and Coscinodiscus. The phytoplankton community structure transforms from dominating by diatoms to dominating by diatoms and dinoflagellates.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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