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Dosidicus gigas is an important fishing target by Chinese squid-jigging fisheries, which is widely distributed in the Southeast Pacific Ocean. Its population is largely affected by climatic and environmental conditions on the fishing ground. In this study, we calculated the habitat suitability index (HSI) on the fishing ground of D. gigas in the Southeast Pacific Ocean off Peru from January to December during 1950 to 2015 based on sea surface temperature (SST) and the anomalies of sea surface height (SSHA), and variability in the environmental variables and habitat quality were further analyzed under the warm and cold phases of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The results suggested that PDO showed cold, warm and cold phases from 1950 to 2015. The anomalies of SST (SSTA) and SSHA during the cold PDO were significantly lower than those during the warm PDO. The cross correlation analysis suggested that both the SSTA and the SSHA were significantly positively correlated with the PDO index. However, and the HSI values on the fishing ground of D. gigas were significantly negatively correlated with the PDO index, SSTA and SSHA. During the cold PDO, the water temperature became cold, and the SSH decreased, these changes led to enlarged areas of suitable SST and SSHA for D. gigas, therefore, the favorable habitats largely increased. However, during the warm PDO, the water temperature became warm, the SSH elevated, whereas the ranges of suitable SST and SSHA contracted, all these changes resulted in the decrease of the suitable habitat of D. gigas. Our findings suggested that PDO regulated the environmental conditions on the fishing ground of D. gigas off Peru, and further significantly affected the habitat quality and suitable ranges of the habitat.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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