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Sensitivity study of constant and variable snow density schemes in diagnosing and calculating snow depth
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Huimin Zhang1, 3, Meibing Jin1, 2, *, Di Qi4
Haiyang Xuebao | 2022, 44(7) : 47 - 57
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Haiyang Xuebao | 2022, 44(7): 47-57
Article
Sensitivity study of constant and variable snow density schemes in diagnosing and calculating snow depth
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Huimin Zhang1, 3, Meibing Jin1, 2, *, Di Qi4
Affiliations
  • 1. School of Marine Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
  • 2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
  • 3. Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
  • 4. Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
Published: 2022-07-01 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022110
Outline
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Current CMIP6 climate models (such as CESM2 and NESM3) use constant snow density, while those models that focus on snow depth and density changes (such as SnowModel-LG) use empirical snow density formulas. Comparing the modeled snow depth with those observed by the CryoSat-2 satellite, it is found that from the perspective of the spatial distribution and average value of the snow depth, it is difficult to detect the effects of varying snow density on the simulation of snow depth in the Arctic Ocean. The model improvement and its mechanism from varying snow depth is still to be further studied. Here an empirical snow density model considering meteorological factors such as air temperature, wind etc., is applied to the SNOTEL observational site to carry out the following sensitivity experiments for different factors: A. snow density model considering all meteorological factors; B. constant snow density model; C. same as A but the influence of wind on the densification is not considered and D. same as A but the influence of temperature on the densification is not considered. The root mean square error of snow depth simulated by experiments A, B, C and D from November 1, 2018 to May 10, 2019 are 4.2 cm, 4.8 cm, 25.9 cm, and 4.2 cm, respectively. The results show that the mean snow density and depth simulated by the varying snow density model are close to the results using constant snow density, but the root mean square error of the simulated snow depth from Case A is the smallest, and the Case A simulation can reproduce the high frequency variations of snow depth on the time scale of several days to ten days. In the meantime, the relative errors in the period with high-frequency snow depth variations are also reduced as they are found to be related. In addition, it is also found that the influence of temperature on snow densification is much smaller than that of wind.

climate model  /  Arctic  /  snow depth  /  snow density
Huimin Zhang, Meibing Jin, Di Qi. Sensitivity study of constant and variable snow density schemes in diagnosing and calculating snow depth[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2022 , 44 (7) : 47 -57 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2022110
Year 2022 volume 44 Issue 7
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Article Info
doi: 10.12284/hyxb2022110
  • Receive Date:2021-07-29
  • Online Date:2026-02-01
  • Published:2022-07-01
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History
  • Received:2021-07-29
  • Revised:2022-01-06
Funding
Affiliations
    1. School of Marine Science, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
    2. Southern Marine Science and Engineering Guangdong Laboratory (Zhuhai), Zhuhai 519080, China
    3. Key Laboratory of Global Change and Marine Atmospheric Chemistry, Ministry of Natural Resources, Third Institute of Oceanography, Ministry of Natural Resources, Xiamen 361005, China
    4. Polar and Marine Research Institute, Jimei University, Xiamen 361021, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
total species (%)

Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
species (%)
鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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