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The Bering Sea is one of the most obvious areas with reduced winter sea ice in Arctic region. The seasonal and long-term variations of sea ice in this region are closely related to the local climate, hydrological environment and ecosystem, as well as to Chinese weather and climate. In order to identify the long-term variation of winter sea ice in this region, the trend and spatial difference of sea ice extent in Bering Sea from 1960 to 2020 were analyzed by using the sliding t-test and linear regression analysis method based on Hadley Center data, and the effects of atmospheric forcing, such as general circulation, on sea ice change were analyzed. The results showed that the winter sea ice extent of the Bering Sea decreased significantly from 1960 to 2020, and there were significant abrupt changes in the 1970s and around 2000. During these processes, the Aleutian low pressure center and low pressure were strengthened, the core position shifted to the west of Bering Sea and the corresponding wind field distribution changes. Such process has a nearly 20-year cycle of oscillation. At the same time, the phase change of the Pacific Decadal Oscillation can regulate the meridional wind by changing the sea level pressure, and alter the thermal advection into the Bering Sea, thus affecting the winter sea ice extent. Therefore, winter sea ice in the Bering Sea is mainly controlled both by the Aleutian low pressure system and the North Pacific decadal oscillation, as well as the gerneral climate warming.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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