Liaodong Bay is the most severely ice-covered sea waters in China during winter. The large area of sea ice on the sea surface has significant impacts on maritime economic activities. This study focuses on reconstructing a time series of sea ice extent from 2001 to 2021 for Liaodong Bay based on MODIS satellite images. Meanwhile, a nonlinear relation between the floe ice distance and sea ice extent in Liaodong Bay is figured out, which is used to extend the historical maximum sea ice extent of Liaodong Bay back to 1953. Then, the interannual variation of the maximum sea ice extent is researched to obtain the sea ice extent in Liaodong Bay in the return period of engineering design. The impact factors of the maximum sea ice extent in Liaodong Bay are analyzed, and the results show that the correlation coefficient between the maximum sea ice extent and the freezing degree-days, as well as northerly wind component, reached 0.96. Furthermore, the correlation between the sea ice concentration in some regions of the Arctic during autumn and the winter sea ice extent in the Liaodong Bay is analyzed. Our results provide valuable insights for understanding the trend of sea ice extent in Liaodong Bay and formulating measures for sea ice disaster prevention.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |