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Estuarine bay is a special geomorphological system, which is often charactered with the combination of shoals and channels. Its evolution and shifting balance of shoal-channel structure are not only the frontier hotspots of estuarine and coastal researches, but also the theoretical cornerstone of estuarine management and port waterway construction. Based on the nautical bathymetry data of different historical ages, using geomorphological information entropy and other analytical methods, this paper studies the phylogenetic evolution characteristics and shifting balance mechanism of the shoal-channel structure in Huangmaohai Estuary Bay (HEB), and the main findings include: (1) The geomorphological evolution of HEB has undergone a transition from siltation to erosion during 1940 to 2007. The average annual siltation rate was 1.4 cm/a. From then on, till 2015, the bay had shifted to erosion period and the average annual erosion rate was 1.2 cm/a. (2) The structure of shoal and channel in HEB was converted, and the structure of "three shoals and two channels" was transformed into the structure of "two shoals and one channel" between 2003 and 2007, and the elevation differentiation between shoals and channels tended to be enlarged due to the impact of reclamation in the shallow coasts and dredging projects in channels. As a result, the shallow shoals became shallower and the channels were deeper. (3) The entropy value of geomorphological information of HEB decreased first and then increased, indicating HEB it changed from the relatively stable mode of slow siltation to the abrupt changing mode, in which the uncertainty of the shoal-channel evolution was induced by human intervention; moreover, the steady states of the shoal and channel are different. The shoals showed higher uncertainty than the deep channel. (4) Human activities disturbed the original steady state of the shoal-channel structure, and the dredging project will enhance the vitality of the East Channel and promote the adaptive reconstruction in the deep channel to evolve in an orderly direction. The West Shoal and the East Shoal have undergone a disturbance balance of human activities such as reclamation, and the shoal instability has shown a disorderly evolution.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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