In this paper, a high spatial-temporal resolution sea ice concentration estimation method for the Arctic melting season is proposed, aiming to improve the overestimation of sea ice concentration in seawater by the Global Navigation Satellite System-Reflectometry (GNSS-R). The method utilizes machine learning algorithms to extract feature parameters from the Delay Doppler Maps (DDM) obtained through GNSS-R and combines them with sea surface temperature data to establish a LightGBM model. The inversion results are then subjected to correlation analysis and evaluation against reference sea ice concentration values. The model’s performance is compared with the sea ice concentration product from OSI SAF, demonstrating good consistency, with correlation coefficient, mean absolute error, and root mean square error being 0.965, 0.061, and 0.090, respectively. This approach enables high-precision estimation of sea ice concentration in the Arctic marginal ice zone.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |