Submesoscale processes associated with strong vertical velocities play significant roles in the vertical transport of tracers between the ocean surface and the interior, including heat, buoyancy, and mass. Based on the results of the (1/48)° LLC4320 model, this study investigates the seasonal variations of submesoscale vertical heat transport in the Kuroshio Extension. The results show that submesoscale vertical heat transport in the Kuroshio Extension exhibits distinct seasonal variations, with strong transport in spring and winter, and weaker transport in summer and autumn. The variation of net submesoscale vertical heat flux in the upper ocean is consistent with the trend of mixed layer depth, which shows overall upward submesoscale heat transport above the mixed layer and strong alternating positive and negative submesoscale vertical heat transport below the mixed layer, resulting in relatively small net submesoscale vertical heat transport. Coherent spectral analysis of vertical heat flux wavenumber-frequency suggests that submesoscale vertical heat transport below the mixed layer may be caused by linear internal waves, but the upward and downward vertical heat transports induced by linear internal waves counteract each other, leading to a reduced net vertical heat transport after averaging over the season.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |