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Study on the impact of upstream discharge on saltwater intrusion distance in the Changjiang Estuary
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Hui Wang1, 2, Rui Huang1, 2, *, Wei Zhang1, 2, Zhong Chen3, Xiaoguang Wang1, 2, Hao Li2, Jianfeng Zeng3
Haiyang Xuebao | 2025, 47(1) : 1 - 12
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Haiyang Xuebao | 2025, 47(1): 1-12
• Article •
Study on the impact of upstream discharge on saltwater intrusion distance in the Changjiang Estuary
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Hui Wang1, 2, Rui Huang1, 2, *, Wei Zhang1, 2, Zhong Chen3, Xiaoguang Wang1, 2, Hao Li2, Jianfeng Zeng3
Affiliations
  • 1. The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
  • 2. College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
  • 3. Shanghai Waterway Engineering Design and Consulting Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, China
Published: 2025-01-31 doi: 10.12284/hyxb2025009
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Saline water intrusion at the Changjiang (Yangtze) River Estuary severely affects the security of upstream water supply, agricultural irrigation, and ecological environmental health. The distance of saline water intrusion upstream, influenced by the interaction between runoff and tidal forces, has received considerable attention. However, research on the extent of this intrusion under the influence of the runoff-tide interaction remains insufficient. This paper establishes a three-dimensional hydrodynamic and salinity mathematical model of the Changjiang River Estuary using the MIKE 3 hydrodynamic model. The model is validated against field measurements of water levels, flow velocities, flow directions, and salinity from the Changjiang River Estuary in 2016. The validation results show a good agreement between the simulated and measured values, indicating that the three-dimensional hydrodynamic and salinity mathematical model of the Changjiang River Estuary established in this study can effectively simulate the hydrodynamic and salinity characteristics in the vicinity of the estuary. To investigate the impact of upstream runoff on the extent of saltwater intrusion in the Changjiang River Estuary, this study sets up eight different flow rates ranging from 15000 m3/s to 50000 m3/s for the upstream section of the Changjiang River Estuary. The simulations focus on the effects of these varying upstream flow rates on the saltwater intrusion distances in three navigation channels: the South Branch-North Port, the South Branch-South Port-North Channel, and the South Branch-South Port-South Channel. The simulation results indicate that the degree of saltwater intrusion in all three channels is significantly dependent on tidal dynamics. During spring tides, when tidal forces are stronger, both saltwater intrusion from the open sea and saltwater backflow from the North Branch are more pronounced compared to neap tides, resulting in longer saltwater intrusion distances overall during spring tides. When the upstream discharge is low, backflow from the North Branch also contributes to increased saltwater intrusion distances. The vertical distribution of salinity and stratification phenomena in the three channels under different flow conditions were also analyzed, and the relationships between upstream flow rates and the distances of saltwater intrusion in the three channels were established. The findings of this study provide valuable references for research on “salinity control and freshwater supplementation” in the Changjiang River Estuary, as well as studies on material transport.

Changjiang River Estuary  /  numerical simulation  /  saline water intrusion  /  upstream intrusion distance  /  runoff
Hui Wang, Rui Huang, Wei Zhang, Zhong Chen, Xiaoguang Wang, Hao Li, Jianfeng Zeng. Study on the impact of upstream discharge on saltwater intrusion distance in the Changjiang Estuary[J]. Haiyang Xuebao, 2025 , 47 (1) : 1 -12 . DOI: 10.12284/hyxb2025009
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Year 2025 volume 47 Issue 1
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Article Info
doi: 10.12284/hyxb2025009
  • Receive Date：2024-11-06
  • Online Date：2025-11-10
  • Published：2025-01-31
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2024-11-06
  • Revised：2024-12-20
Funding
Affiliations
    1. The National Key Laboratory of Water Disaster Prevention, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
    2. College of Harbor, Coastal and Offshore Engineering, Hohai University, Nanjing 210024, China
    3. Shanghai Waterway Engineering Design and Consulting Co., Ltd., Shanghai 200120, China
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小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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