This study proposed a hybrid Long Short-Term Memory （LSTM）-Transformer model integrated with wavelet denoising for water quality prediction. Using hourly monitoring data （water temperature， turbidity， pH， conductivity， and dissolved oxygen） collected from two municipally controlled river cross-sections in South China from 2021 to 2024， the discrete wavelet transform was first applied for noise reduction. Subsequently， a predictive model combining LSTM and Transformer architectures was constructed. Experimental results demonstrated that the proposed model achieved outstanding performance in predicting dissolved oxygen （DO） concentrations for the next four hours at both sites （Site 1： coefficient of determination （R²）=0.8015， mean absolute error （MAE）=0.5169 mg/L， root mean square error （RMSE）=0.8494 mg/L； Site 2： R²=0.8873， MAE=0.4456 mg/L， RMSE=0.7143 mg/L）， significantly outperforming standalone LSTM and Transformer models （the R² of the proposed model increased by 5.7%， while MAE and RMSE decreased by 20.2% and 10.4%， respectively）.Furthermore， the SHAP interpretability method was employed for feature importance analysis and global impact interpretation， revealing that the key water quality factors influencing DO and their complex nonlinear relationships exhibited significant site-specific heterogeneity. This underscores the necessity of incorporating specific environmental contexts （e.g.， geographical features， hydrological conditions， and pollution source distribution） for mechanistic interpretation. The findings of this study provide an effective and interpretable technical reference for high-precision real-time prediction and intelligent management of regional river water quality.

As global plastic production continues to rise， the quantity of plastic waste has also increased dramatically. Effectively addressing plastic pollution while achieving the resource recovery and recycling of plastic waste has become a global challenge. Compared with conventional recycling methods， the photothermal catalysis process， which integrates photocatalysis and thermocatalysis， offers significant advantages such as high conversion efficiency and mild reaction conditions. Herein， this review outlines the research progress of photothermal catalysis technology in the treatment and resource recovery of plastic waste. It first elaborates on the mechanism of photothermal conversion， including plasmonic localized heating， non-radiative relaxation of semiconductors， and molecular thermal vibration. Based on the roles of light and heat in photothermal catalytic reactions， photothermal catalysis is classified into three categories： thermal-assisted photocatalysis， photo-driven thermocatalysis， and photo-thermal co-catalysis. The type of catalytic material plays a crucial role in regulating catalytic performance during the photothermal catalytic conversion of plastics. This review summarizes the catalytic properties of three typical photothermal catalytic materials： plasmonic metal nanoparticles， metal oxide semiconductors， and carbon-based materials， providing material design directions for efficient plastic upcycling. Furthermore， starting with the upcycling mechanisms of two representative plastics， polyethylene and polyester， the review summarizes the reaction pathways for plastic upcycling to produce liquid fuels and organic acids. Finally， based on the current research status， this review also highlights the technical challenges of using photothermal catalysis for plastic upcycling. This review aims to provide technical support for the chemical recycling of plastic waste and offer new perspectives for its upcycling.

Vivianite crystallization is recognized as an efficient and environmentally friendly approach for phosphorus recovery in wastewater resource utilization. However， in practical phosphorus recovery processes， the dissolved organic matter （DOM） present in the supernatant of sludge anaerobic fermentation may interfere with vivianite crystallization， thereby affecting both the phosphorus recovery efficiency and the product properties. In this study， polysaccharides， proteins， acetic acid， propionic acid， and humic substances were selected as representative organic matter to systematically assess how their types and concentrations affect vivianite crystallization， and to elucidate their impacts on crystal morphologies and structure as well as the associated interaction mechanisms. The results showed that the inhibitory effects of different types of organic matter on phosphorus recovery via vivianite crystallization followed the order of humic substances > proteins > propionic acid > acetic acid > polysaccharides. The presence of humic substances significantly reduced the phosphorus recovery rate and crystal size， and led to the formation of irregular surface deposits on the crystals. This study provides a theoretical foundation for clarifying the interference mechanism of DOM in vivianite crystallization within fermentation broth and offers insights for its regulation. These findings are of great importance for guiding the optimization of the efficient phosphorus recovery processes in real wastewater systems.

In response to the severe global challenge of increasing microbial resistance， developing efficient and environmentally friendly antibacterial materials has become an urgent demand in the field of materials science. This research used natural dolomite from a region in Hunan as the raw material and investigated the controllable preparation process of antibacterial magnesium oxide （MgO） via the dolomite carbonation method， focusing on the regulation mechanisms of the microstructure of the product through heavy magnesium hydrolysis methods （spray pyrolysis and vacuum pyrolysis） and precursor calcination conditions. By systematically optimizing the process parameters， the optimal calcination conditions for dolomite were determined to be 1000 °C for 180 minutes， with a carbonation endpoint pH of 7.5， under which the magnesium recovery efficiency achieved the highest. Spray pyrolysis at a feed rate of 30 mL/min and 220 °C produced well-shaped hollow spherical MgCO₃·3H₂O precursors； when this precursor was calcined at 600 °C with a heating rate of 10 °C/min for 3 hours， high-activity MgO with a high specific surface area （49.43 m²/g）， nanoscale particle size （d₅₀=222.47 nm）， and a hierarchical porous structure was successfully obtained. Antibacterial tests showed that this MgO material achieved a 100% sterilization efficiency against Escherichia coli， with a minimum bactericidal concentration of 0.5 mg/mL， demonstrating excellent antibacterial efficacy. By constructing a "process-structure-performance" regulation system， this study provides reliable theoretical guidance and technical support for the preparation of high-performance， environmentally friendly nanostructured antibacterial materials based on natural dolomite.

The widespread use of tetracycline has resulted in elevated antibiotic concentrations in natural water bodies， posing significant threats to aquatic ecosystems and public health. Although iron-manganese modified biochar （IMBC） can effectively remove tetracycline， its powdered form is prone to leaching during application， leading to reduced utilization efficiency and potential system clogging. In this study， foam concrete （FC） was employed as an immobilization matrix to fabricate a novel iron-manganese modified biochar foam concrete （IMBC-FC） composite. The results showed that sufficient hydration reactions occurred during the immobilization process， endowing IMBC-FC with a highly porous structure that effectively avoided the masking of active sites on IMBC. The tetracycline removal efficiency of IMBC-FC reached 87.7%， and the impact of immobilization on the removal performance of IMBC was less than 10%. Removal pathway analysis indicated that oxidative degradation contributed approximately 56.9% to tetracycline removal， and singlet oxygen （¹O₂） was identified as the dominant reactive oxygen species （ROS） in the system. Functional groups such as hydroxyl （—OH） and carboxyl （—COO⁻） generated during hydration likely participated in both ROS generation and electron transfer， thus synergistically facilitating the degradation process. Furthermore， a comprehensive evaluation of the engineering application performance of IMBC-FC was carried out in accordance with relevant standards for water treatment filter media and constructed wetland substrates. The results demonstrated that IMBC-FC exhibits excellent advantages in porosity， mechanical strength， and tetracycline removal efficiency， indicating its promising engineering application prospects. This study is expected to provide a reliable technical pathway and theoretical support for the efficient immobilization of metal-modified biochar.

Under the context of global warming， it is imperative to advance the synergistic efficiency of pollution reduction and carbon mitigation in the wastewater treatment industry. This study is based on the 2023 operational data from three typical municipal wastewater treatment plants （WWTPs） in Jiangsu Province employing A²/O and its modified processes. Using the emission factor method， carbon emission accounting and characteristic analysis were conducted. and explored the impact of influent characteristics and operational parameters on the carbon emissions of WWTPs through path analysis. From an indirect control perspective， this study assessed the carbon reduction potential of measures such as photovoltaic power generation and water-source heat pumps. The results indicate that： The total carbon emission intensity of the three typical WWTPs ranged from 0.578 kg/m³ to 0.671 kg/m³， with total carbon emissions between 18890 t and 28150 t. The indirect carbon emissions account for a relatively high proportion （71.7%） of the total carbon emissions in A²/O wastewater treatment plant， with electricity consumption contributing the most （53.3%） to the carbon emissions. The carbon emissions attributed to carbon source dosage accounted for the largest proportion of chemical consumption， reaching 36.9% to 59.5% of the total chemical carbon emissions. The operation of wastewater treatment plants with lower influent concentrations requires higher energy and material consumption， resulting in greater indirect carbon emissions. Furthermore， the influent water quality characteristics and operational parameters of typical A²/O process wastewater treatment plants all have direct or indirect impacts on various types of carbon emission intensities. To effectively control carbon emissions， plants can actively optimize process operational parameter adjustments， implement equipment upgrades and retrofits， adopt intelligent/smart control systems， and implement various carbon-alternative measures. By adopting PV power generation and water-source heat pumps， WWTP2 could theoretically achieve 22.7% and 100.2% carbon displacement rates， respectively， demonstrating significant carbon reduction potential.

The green and low-carbon construction of river regulation projects is an important part of the green transformation of water conservancy projects under the goals of "carbon peaking and carbon neutrality". Aiming at the common problems existing in the green and low-carbon construction of traditional river regulation projects， such as excessive qualitative descriptions of strategies， insufficient life cycle assessment （LCA）， excessive process analysis， and inadequate multi-scenario guidance， this paper took the demonstration section of the Jurong River Regulation Project in Nanjing as a case study. Based on identifying the carbon emission characteristics of river regulation projects via LCA， an environment-economic dual-objective model was adopted to conduct scenario analysis for the selection of green and low-carbon construction technologies under different objectives， and corresponding combined strategies of green and low-carbon technical measures were proposed. The results showed that the carbon emission intensity during the construction period of the Jurong River demonstration section（length 8.46 km） was 2705 t CO₂eq/km， among which the raw material production stage accounted for 92.49%， followed by the engineering construction stage （5.75%）， engineering transportation （1.06%）， and engineering preparation （0.70%）. Multi-scenario analysis indicated that the application of measures including low-carbon new energy transportation， fly ash， and recycled concrete could reduce carbon emissions by 4486 t CO₂eq and achieve an optimal economic benefit of RMB 1.0814 million. The combination of fly ash， recycled aggregate concrete， and carbon capture and reduction cement （with a replacement rate of 90.32%） could reduce emissions by 7551 t CO₂eq， realizing a balance between economic and environmental performance. Implementing all carbon reduction measures could achieve a carbon reduction of 9596 t CO₂eq but would require an investment of RMB 1.1337 million. The scenarios of maximum economic benefit and economic-ecological balance present better engineering applicability and can provide a decision-making basis for the green and low-carbon construction of river regulation projects.

Coastal wetland ecosystems are intrinsically linked to regional socioeconomic development. However， the internal response relationship between these two systems remains unclear. This study took Dongtai City as a study case and used systematic field sampling and multi-source data integration. Partial least squares structural equation modeling （PLS-SEM） was employed to analyze the coupled relationships among socioeconomic development， river surface water quality， and sediment carbon and nitrogen characteristics. The results indicated that over the past five years， both the socioeconomic level and urbanization rate of Dongtai City have increased steadily. Water quality exhibited significant seasonal fluctuations， while a marked declining trend in total nitrogen （TN） was observed. Meanwhile， total organic carbon （TOC） and TN contents in coastal wetland sediments showed minor fluctuations. The PLS-SEM analysis revealed that socioeconomic development indirectly regulated TOC and TN contents in coastal wetlands （path coefficient = 0.1， P < 0.05） by influencing the surface water pollution load of rivers （path coefficient = -0.33， P < 0.001）. This study elucidated the internal nexus between macro-socioeconomic drivers and micro-nutrient characteristics in coastal wetlands， providing a scientific foundation for the synergistic advancement of ecological conservation and the marine economy.