Organoids, derived from adult or pluripotent stem cells through invitro differentiation, can recapitulate the cellular diversity, spatial organization, and physiological functions of invivo organs or tissues. The development of organoids has facilitated progress in developmental biology, genetics, pathology, and others. As an emerging interdisciplinary field guided by engineering principles, synthetic biology aims to design, modify, and construct biological components and systems with certain specifically designed functions through engineering and modular approaches. The invitro construction of organoids currently faces several challenges, including high cost, significant heterogeneity, and low throughput, which become more prominent when building complex organoid models. As a burgeoning field in recent years, synthetic biology has excellent potential to expand its applications and research directions. The optimization strategy of organoid construction has become intricately intertwined with the principles of synthetic biology in recent years. Simultaneously, the advancement of synthetic biology and its associated methodologies has propelled the progression of organoid technology. This review provides an overview of the historical developments and current challenges of organoids and synthetic biology while exploring the disparities and interconnections among these fields regarding research concepts and methods. Particularly, we will provide an overview of current design strategies for optimizing organoids and explore the fundamental applications of synthetic biology strategies in this context. Furthermore, we will examine the emerging role of synthetic biology tools in enhancing spatiotemporal fate regulation, structural self-organization, and functional capabilities of organoids. Lastly, we will discuss how derivative research based on organoid platforms contributes to advancing synthetic biology investigations. Overall, this review aims to elucidate the profoundly synergistic and mutually beneficial relationship between the rapidly evolving field of synthetic biology and organoid technology. By delving deep into the interconnectedness of these two disciplines, our objective is to facilitate further exploration of their potential integration in future research endeavors. Additionally, we seek to unravel feasible application scenarios that can harness the combined power of these two fields to bring about potential advancements in biomedical and life science.