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To enhance the intelligent supervision of photovoltaic （PV） project progress and address the issue of low recognition accuracy caused by component occlusion in complex scenarios， this study proposed an automated recognition approach for key PV components that integrates UAV images with an improved object detection algorithm. In response to common challenges such as small-scale targets and occlusion interference in UAV images， this study developed an optimized non-maximum suppression mechanism and a dynamic screening strategy based on target size and category features. Experimental results showed that the improved model achieved stable convergence of the loss function during training. Its key performance indicators， including detection precision， recall， mAP50， and mAP50-95， reached 94.8%， 93.2%， 94.8%， and 96.5%， respectively. In the practical application of the Anduo PV project in Nagqu， Tibet， the average recognition accuracy for core components such as pile foundations， PV supports， and PV modules exceeded 95%， significantly outperforming traditional manual inspection methods. These findings demonstrated that the proposed approach effectively reduces target omission under occlusion through dynamic detection optimization， providing a feasible technical solution for intelligent progress monitoring in complex PV construction environments and possessing considerable practical engineering value.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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