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Traditional methods for analyzing the P-Δ effect in tall structures often fail to adequately account for time-varying axial forces, which can lead to an underestimation of its impact on structural safety. This paper introduces a high-order accurate analysis method based on the weak-form quadrature element method (QEM). We develop Hermite-type quadrature element models for both distributed and concentrated mass structures. The proposed method is capable of addressing dynamic P-Δ effects caused by arbitrary axial loads without iterative computations, yielding precise solutions. Its efficacy and accuracy are validated through comparative analysis involving three distinct case studies. Numerical results confirm that the proposed approach delivers highly accurate P-Δ effect analyses, achieving exceptional precision in dynamic response with a single quadrature element, even in complex structural systems. Overall, this method offers a novel and efficient solution for detailed analysis of P-Δ effects in tall structures.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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