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Fault model and slip distribution of the 2025 MW6.0 Chiayi earthquake in southern Taiwan, China, constrained by InSAR observations
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Guangyu Xua, Kefeng Heb, *, Longxiang Sunb, Haiqing Hea, c, d, Tengxu Zhange, f, g
Geodesy and Geodynamics | 2026, 17(3) : 364 - 372
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Geodesy and Geodynamics | 2026, 17(3): 364-372
• Research Paper •
Fault model and slip distribution of the 2025 MW6.0 Chiayi earthquake in southern Taiwan, China, constrained by InSAR observations
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Guangyu Xua, Kefeng Heb, *, Longxiang Sunb, Haiqing Hea, c, d, Tengxu Zhange, f, g
Affiliations
  • aSchool of Surveying and Geoinformation Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
  • bSchool of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
  • cJiangxi Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Process and Information, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
  • dKey Laboratory of Mine Environmental Monitoring and Improving Around Poyang Lake of Ministry of Natural Resources, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
  • eState Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430077, China
  • fResearch Center of Beidou+ Industrial Development of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
  • gWuhan Gravitation and Solid Earth Tides National Observation and Research Station, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China

    • Guangyu Xu is currently working at East China University of Technology, as an associate professor and serving as a supervisor for master's students. His research focuses on the monitoring and modeling of seismic cycle deformation.

Published: 2026-05-10 doi: 10.1016/j.geog.2025.09.010
Outline
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On January 20, 2025, an MW6.0 earthquake occurred in Chiayi County, southwestern Taiwan, China. In this study, we utilize Sentinel-1 data to investigate the coseismic ground displacement and fault slip model of this event. Here, we present the geodetic fault model of the 2025 Chiayi earthquake. While both east-dipping and west-dipping fault models can adequately reproduce the InSAR observations, the east-dipping model was found to better align with the quasi-east-west and quasi-vertical deformation fields derived from decomposing Interferometric Synthetic Aperture Radar (InSAR) ascending and descending orbits, the characteristics of interseismic deformation, and the tectonic features of the seismic region. The best-fitting east-dipping uniform-slip model shows that the seismogenic fault is characterized as a reverse slip striking 336.2°, dipping northeastward. The fault's upper boundary is buried at a depth of 8.0 km, with a dip angle of 27.6° and a slip angle of 61.6°. Calculations of Coulomb stress changes reveal that regions experiencing positive changes are primarily concentrated at the northeast and southwest extremities of the Chiayi earthquake rupture, as well as in the northwest and southeast lobes flanking the rupture zone.

InSAR observation  /  Fault slip model  /  Coseismic deformation  /  Coulomb stress change  /  Chiayi earthquake
Guangyu Xu, Kefeng He, Longxiang Sun, Haiqing He, Tengxu Zhang. Fault model and slip distribution of the 2025 MW6.0 Chiayi earthquake in southern Taiwan, China, constrained by InSAR observations[J]. Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2026 , 17 (3) : 364 -372 . DOI: 10.1016/j.geog.2025.09.010
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Funding
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  • National Natural Science Foundation of China(42564002; 42104008; 42204006; 42504008)
  • Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20252BAC240262)
  • Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology(SKLPG2025-2-3)
  • Open Fund of Wuhan Gravitation and Solid Earth Tides National Observation and Research Station(WHYWZ202407)
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Year 2026 volume 17 Issue 3
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Article Info
doi: 10.1016/j.geog.2025.09.010
  • Receive Date：2025-05-25
  • Online Date：2026-07-23
  • Published：2026-05-10
Article Data
Affiliations
History
  • Received：2025-05-25
  • Revised：2025-08-13
  • Accepted：2025-09-10
Funding
National Natural Science Foundation of China(42564002; 42104008; 42204006; 42504008)
Jiangxi Provincial Natural Science Foundation(20252BAC240262)
Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology(SKLPG2025-2-3)
Open Fund of Wuhan Gravitation and Solid Earth Tides National Observation and Research Station(WHYWZ202407)
Affiliations
    aSchool of Surveying and Geoinformation Engineering, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
    bSchool of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China
    cJiangxi Key Laboratory of Watershed Ecological Process and Information, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
    dKey Laboratory of Mine Environmental Monitoring and Improving Around Poyang Lake of Ministry of Natural Resources, East China University of Technology, Nanchang 330013, China
    eState Key Laboratory of Precision Geodesy, Innovation Academy for Precision Measurement Science and Technology, CAS, Wuhan 430077, China
    fResearch Center of Beidou+ Industrial Development of Key Research Institute of Humanities and Social Sciences in Hubei Province, College of Resources and Environmental Science and Engineering, Hubei University of Science and Technology, Xianning 437100, China
    gWuhan Gravitation and Solid Earth Tides National Observation and Research Station, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China

Corresponding:

* Corresponding author. E-mail address: (K. He).
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红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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