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New and updated long-periodic terms in harmonic development of the Earth tide-generating potential
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Sergey M. Kudryavtseva, *, Rodolfo G. Cioncob
Geodesy and Geodynamics | 2026, 17(3) : 308 - 313
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Geodesy and Geodynamics | 2026, 17(3): 308-313
Research Paper
New and updated long-periodic terms in harmonic development of the Earth tide-generating potential
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Sergey M. Kudryavtseva, *, Rodolfo G. Cioncob
Affiliations
  • aSternberg Astronomical Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Universitetsky Pr. 13, Moscow 119234, Russia
  • bCONICET and Environmental Research Group of the National University of Technology, Colón 332, San Nicolás 2900, Argentina
  • Sergey M. Kudryavtsev, PhD, Dr. habil., leading scientist in Sternberg Astronomical Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University. His research interests focus on the determination of orbits of celestial bodies, analytical prediction methods, and satellite geodesy.

    Rodolfo G. Cionco, PhD, research professor at the National University of Technology, Argentina, and researcher of the National Research Council of Argentina (CONICET). His research interests focus on frontier topics between astronomy and geophysics, especially the Sun-Earth connection.

Published: 2026-05-10 doi: 10.1016/j.geog.2025.07.004
Outline
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We present a new harmonic development of the long-periodic band of the Earth tide-generating potential (TGP). It updates the corresponding part of the previous TGP expansion, KSM03, and includes 38 terms of period longer than about 18 years (yr) and amplitude not less than 10-8 m2·s-2. The development is made through a modified spectral analysis of the TGP numerical values tabulated over more than 30000 yr (13201 BC-17191 AD). The latest JPL NASA's long-term numerical ephemeris DE441 is used to source the Moon, the Sun, and major planets' coordinates. For comparison, the KSM03 series was done on the basis of an older DE406 ephemeris and over a shorter time interval of 2000 yr (1000-3000). As a result of using an extended time span, several new long-periodic waves in the Earth TGP were found and most of the other terms are updated. In particular, a relatively large term of amplitude of 3 × 10-5 m2·s-2 and a period of approximately 7.4 kyr is revealed. Several new waves of period close to 18.61 yr (the period of the lunar nodal cycle, LNC) are separated from the main LNC term. The effect of the general precession in longitude (of a 25.7 kyr period) on the Earth TGP for the first time is evaluated. As a result, a number of updated TGP terms include the precession rate in their arguments. A new catalogue of the long-periodic terms in the Earth TGP spectrum in both standard HW95 and KSM03 format is released.

Earth tide-generating potential  /  Long-periodic tidal potential waves  /  The moon  /  The sun  /  Major planets
Sergey M. Kudryavtsev, Rodolfo G. Cionco. New and updated long-periodic terms in harmonic development of the Earth tide-generating potential[J]. Geodesy and Geodynamics, 2026 , 17 (3) : 308 -313 . DOI: 10.1016/j.geog.2025.07.004
Year 2026 volume 17 Issue 3
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doi: 10.1016/j.geog.2025.07.004
  • Receive Date:2025-05-07
  • Online Date:2026-07-23
  • Published:2026-05-10
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  • Received:2025-05-07
  • Accepted:2025-07-08
Affiliations
    aSternberg Astronomical Institute, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Universitetsky Pr. 13, Moscow 119234, Russia
    bCONICET and Environmental Research Group of the National University of Technology, Colón 332, San Nicolás 2900, Argentina

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* Corresponding author. E-mail address: (S.M. Kudryavtsev).
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数

Family
属数
Number of
genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of
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Genus
种数
Number of
species
占总种数比例
Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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