Full
ZHANG Chenjia,born in 1994,is a postdoctoral researcher,and obtained a PhD degree from Nanjing University in 2023. She is mainly engaged in shale oil geology and enrichment mechanisms. E-mail: zhangchenjia94616@163.com.
Outline
The frequently dynamic changes in the mixed fine-grained sedimentary environment of shale oil in saline lacustrine basins exert a decisive controlling influence on organic matter enrichment,source rock development,and the distribution of sweet spots. This study focuses on the Lucaogou Formation in the Jimusar sag,Junggar Basin and the Member 2 of Funing Formation in the Gaoyou sag,Subei Basin,both typical saline lacustrine basins. Through systematic integrated methods of petrology and organic-inorganic geochemistry,a comparative investigation was conducted from the perspective of lithofacies sedimentary genesis. The results indicate that there are significant differences in the lithofacies types and their sedimentary genesis between the Lucaogou Formation and the Member 2 of Funing Formation. The four main lithofacies types in the Lucaogou Formation developed in a relatively cold,arid,and saline water-mass environment. They are controlled by a composite model of “saline deep-water for preservation and less saline shallow-water with high productivity”. The mudstones exhibit high productivity and the best hydrocarbon generation potential,while carbonate rocks and siltstones represent high-quality sweet spots. The palaeoenvironment undergoes abrupt changes,resulting in the formation of the shale interbedded/intercalated with sand. In contrast,the Member 2 of the Funing Formation formed in a warm and humid climate,developed six main lithofacies types under a composite model of “saline shallow-water for preservation and less saline deep-water with high productivity”. The felsic-clay mixed shale and clay-bearing felsic shale,which exhibit the highest TOC content,developed in less saline deep-water environments. The combination of favorable preservation conditions and high productivity jointly enhances their superior hydrocarbon generation potential. Unlike the source-reservoir separated sweet spots in the Lucaogou Formation,the sedimentary facies in the Member 2 of Funing Formation exhibit gradual transitions,with various lithofacies possessing both hydrocarbon generation and reservoir capacities,forming a integrated source rock-reservoir,namely mixed shale type of sweet spots. This study emphasizes the differential palaeoenvironments of various lithofacies formed under the dynamic saline lacustrine basins,which is expected to provide scientific references for predicting and evaluating the distribution of sweet spots in shale oil exploration and development.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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