Full
LI Zengxue,born in 1954,obtained a doctoral degree in coalfield,oil and gas geology,and Exploration from China University of Geosciences(Beijing)in 1995,is currently a professor and doctoral supervisor at the College of Earth Science and Engineering,Shandong University of Science and Technology. He is mainly engaged in teaching and research in the fields of energy geology,sedimentology,and sequence stratigraphy. E-mail: lizengxue@126.com.
Outline
Four representative coal-bearing basins,including the Late Paleozoic North China epicontinental sea basin and the marginal sea basins of the South China Sea,were selected for a comparative analysis of the formation and evolutionary characteristics of autochthonous and allochthonous peat mires. The identification features for coal seams formed by autochthonous and allochthonous peat mires are proposed,and the differences between the two types of peat mires are summarized in terms of peat material accumulation,coal seam architecture,coal-interbed interfaces,and paleosol development. In addition,the characteristic attributes of allochthonous peat mires are elucidated. Research indicates that peat mires serve as the primary carriers of coal formation,represent a key type of sedimentary environment,and constitute a distinctive and significant feature of basin palaeogeography. Its significance and value lie in the following aspects: the attributes of sedimentary basins vary,and the palaeogeographic characteristics of autochthonous and allochthonous peat mires differ accordingly. The development and evolution of two mire types constitute important events in the evolution of coal-forming environments within basins;during the Late Paleozoic,frequent marine transgressions in the North China Basin not only suppressed peat mire development but also preserved peat material,producing a distinctive stratigraphic association in which marine transgressive layers are in direct contact with coal seams. The palaeogeography of transgression events represents a typical landscape of autochthonous peat mires;analysis of peat mire formation and evolution in the Huangxian terrestrial lacustrine faulted basin and the northern depression of the Pearl River Mouth Basin reveals that tectonic activity exerted a primary control on basin infill as well as on the development and evolution of peat mires. On steep slopes,unstable autochthonous mires were established,whereas stable autochthonous mires formed on gentle slopes. During critical stages of basin evolution,stable allochthonous mires developed in lacustrine or shallow-water settings,giving rise to the distinctive coal-oil shale assemblages.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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