Full
HE Yiyun,born in 1998,is a master student,and her major research field is comprehensive research of physical geography. E-mail: 18297135590@163.com.
Outline
The Taohe River Basin is a key origin of prehistoric cultures in western China,with a clearly defined cultural evolution trajectory,making it an ideal area for studying prehistoric human activities. Based on a comprehensive collection of archaeological site data,this study uses methods such as site analysis,tomb excavations,and grid reconstruction models to reconstruct the settlement patterns,populations,and cultivated lands during five cultural phases in the basin: Yangshao,Majiayao,Qijia,Xindian,and Siwa. The analysis indicates: (1)Prehistoric settlements in this region expanded from the source of the Wei River to the Taohe River Basin,reaching their peak during the Majiayao and Qijia cultures(5.4~3.6 ka BP),and then gradually contracted and diversified after 3.4 ka BP,with corresponding changes in population and cultivated land. (2)The changes in prehistoric cultivated land in this region were significantly influenced by climatic changes. During the Yangshao to Qijia cultural period,he climate was relatively warm and moist,fostering agricultural development,which led to an increase in settlements and population. After 3.6 ka BP,as the climate shifted to cooler and drier conditions,production modes diversified;the lower-altitude northern areas continued to focus on agriculture,while the higher-altitude southern areas developed a mixed farming-pastoral economy.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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