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Rapid urban development has led to the anthropogenic disruption of natural river connectivity, posing unprecedented threats to aquatic biological communities. Understanding how river connectivity influences the structure of these communities is crucial, particularly in urban mountainous regions where this topic remains underexplored. Here, we assessed river connectivity in the Mother River of Beijing, one of the world's largest megacities, and analyzed its effects on the biodiversity, dominant species, and biomass of benthic fauna, zooplankton, phytoplankton, and fungi. Our results showed that the river connectivity index (RCI) ranged from 0.0003 to 0.3978, with higher connectivity observed in the middle reaches of the river. RCI values were distinctly categorized into 2 types: high connectivity and low connectivity. Organisms at different trophic levels exhibited varying responses to river connectivity, with the composition of dominant benthic species differing by 62.5% between connectivity conditions, a higher variation than that observed in other taxa. Notably, diatom richness displayed significant spatial heterogeneity and was strongly negatively correlated with RCI. Our findings demonstrate that river connectivity exerts taxon-specific effects across multiple trophic levels, underscoring the need to consider both faunal diversity gains and potential diatom losses when designing urban river restoration and conservation strategies.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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