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Integrating Ecosystem Service Supply and Demand to Construct Regional Ecological Security Patterns
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Ruyuan Hu1, 2, 3, Haiping Zhao1, 2, 3, Jia Yang4, Mengmeng Gou1, 2, 3, *, Changfu Liu1, 2, 3, Le Li5, Wenfa Xiao1, 2, 3
Ecosystem Health and Sustainability | 2025, 11(6) : 0457
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Ecosystem Health and Sustainability | 2025, 11(6): 0457
• RESEARCH ARTICLE •
Integrating Ecosystem Service Supply and Demand to Construct Regional Ecological Security Patterns
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Ruyuan Hu1, 2, 3, Haiping Zhao1, 2, 3, Jia Yang4, Mengmeng Gou1, 2, 3, *, Changfu Liu1, 2, 3, Le Li5, Wenfa Xiao1, 2, 3
Affiliations
  • 1Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
  • 2Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China.
  • 3Hubei Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Zigui 443600, China.
  • 4College of Ecology and Environment, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
  • 5Research Institute ofTropical Forestry, ChineseAcademy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China.
Published: 2025-12-10 doi: 10.34133/ehs.0457
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Integrating ecosystem services (ESs) into ecological security patterns (ESPs) provides a comprehensive framework for recognizing critical conservation areas and enhancing regional ecological security. However, previous studies are predominantly based on ES supply, while often not fully considering the supply-demand balance and its dynamic trends. This study proposed a comprehensive framework including comprehensive supply-demand ratio (CSDR), CSDR trend, total supply trend, and trade-off to revise ecological source recognition. Subsequently, ecological resistance surfaces were revised using land use and nighttime light data. Finally, corridors and strategic nodes were further recognized according to circuit theory to establish a comprehensive ESP. Selecting Three Gorges Reservoir Area as a research case, the results show that the ecological sources (18,232.59 km2) are predominantly situated in the eastern regions and parts of the southern bank of the Yangtze River with high supply and low ecological risks and trade-off levels. The low value of the resistance surfaces is distributed consistently with ecological sources, and the high value of the resistance surfaces is distributed near the cities with high population density and demand. Two hundred sixty-six key ecological corridors and 195 pinch points connected the regions into an organic whole and barrier points, with an area of 285.96 km2 overlapping with the potential corridors. These findings offer guidance for regional planning and sustainable development.

Ruyuan Hu, Haiping Zhao, Jia Yang, Mengmeng Gou, Changfu Liu, Le Li, Wenfa Xiao. Integrating Ecosystem Service Supply and Demand to Construct Regional Ecological Security Patterns[J]. Ecosystem Health and Sustainability, 2025 , 11 (6) : 0457 - . DOI: 10.34133/ehs.0457
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Funding
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  • the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0112804; 2023YFF1305205)
  • the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Non-profit Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAFYBB2023MA011)
  • and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301669)
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Year 2025 volume 11 Issue 6
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Article Info
doi: 10.34133/ehs.0457
  • Receive Date：2025-06-25
  • Online Date：2026-07-23
  • Published：2025-12-10
Article Data
Affiliations
History
  • Received：2025-06-25
  • Revised：2025-08-15
  • Accepted：2025-11-26
Funding
the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2023YFE0112804; 2023YFF1305205)
the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Non-profit Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Forestry(CAFYBB2023MA011)
and the National Natural Science Foundation of China(32301669)
Affiliations
    1Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China.
    2Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Environment of Forestry and Grassland Administration, Beijing 100091, China.
    3Hubei Zigui Three Gorges Reservoir Forest Ecosystem Observation and Research Station, Zigui 443600, China.
    4College of Ecology and Environment, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha 410004, China.
    5Research Institute ofTropical Forestry, ChineseAcademy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China.

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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
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Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
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Genus		 种数
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species		 占总种数比例
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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