Traditional energy storage systems typically include a charging/discharging converter and an equalizer, which are independent of each other. To reduce system complexity and the number of components, a converter for energy storage systems is proposed, which integrates an equalizer into a charge/discharge converter, and achieves automatic voltage balancing between series-connected batteries without the need for voltage measurement circuits, thereby reducing components and simplifying the system. There are two types of proposed converters: type A contains only one active switch, one n-winding inductor and n diodes; type B replaces n diodes in type A with n active switches to improve the efficiency of the circuit. The similarities and differences between type A and type B converter are comparable to those between the asynchronous and the synchronous Buck converter, type B is mainly analyzed and developed a prototype. The experimental results indicate that the proposed converter has good voltage balancing characteristics.
| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |