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Transient Instability Boundary of PLL-synchronous VSC in Multiple Scenarios
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Zheng CHEN1, Pengfei HU1, Zaixin YANG2, Yanxue YU1, Chongxi JIANG3
Journal of Power Supply | 2025, 23(1) : 84 - 92
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Journal of Power Supply | 2025, 23(1): 84-92
• Renewable Energy System •
Transient Instability Boundary of PLL-synchronous VSC in Multiple Scenarios
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Zheng CHEN1, Pengfei HU1, Zaixin YANG2, Yanxue YU1, Chongxi JIANG3
Affiliations
  • 1 College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
  • 2 Inner Mongolia Electric Power Research Institute, Hohhot 010020, China
  • 3 Hangzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310001, China
Published: 2025-01-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.1.84
Outline
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Aimed at the transient instability of a voltage source converter (VSC) based on phase locked loop (PLL) under weak network conditions and considering the influences of power grid line impedance, VSC reactive power injection and PLL filtering, the transient instability boundary of VSC is comprehensively studied based on the critical voltage in a variety of fault scenarios such as grid voltage sag, frequency fluctuation and three-phase asymmetric fault. Through the analysis of the VSC grid-connected vector diagram in different operation scenarios, the mathematical models of relationships between the grid voltage of VSC grid-connected system and factors (e.g., line impedance and impedance angle, VSC operation power and its power factor, PLL phase-locked error, and grid frequency) in multiple scenarios are established. Then, the transient instability boundary of VSC is indicated based on the critical voltage. Results show that both the line resistance and reactive power injection can directly reduce the critical voltage and improve the stability of the system. The increase or decrease in grid-side frequency will directly lead to the phase lag or lead of PLL and an increase or decrease in line reactance, thus indirectly affecting the critical voltage and further affecting the transient stability of VSC. The PLL pre-filter may cause errors in the phase-locked result, and its phase lag or lead will reduce or increase the critical instability voltage of the system, respectively.

Voltage source converter (VSC)  /  transient stability  /  multiple scenarios  /  phase locked loop (PLL)
Zheng CHEN, Pengfei HU, Zaixin YANG, Yanxue YU, Chongxi JIANG. Transient Instability Boundary of PLL-synchronous VSC in Multiple Scenarios[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2025 , 23 (1) : 84 -92 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.1.84
Funding
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  • Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Major Science and Technology Project(2021ZD0026)
  • Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ21E070004)
  • National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(52007167)
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Year 2025 volume 23 Issue 1
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Article Info
doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.1.84
  • Receive Date：2022-06-11
  • Online Date：2025-07-01
  • Published：2025-01-30
Article Data
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History
  • Received：2022-06-11
  • Revised：2022-08-12
  • Accepted：2022-09-27
Funding
Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region Major Science and Technology Project(2021ZD0026)
Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province(LQ21E070004)
National Natural Science Foun-dation of China(52007167)
Affiliations
    1 College of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
    2 Inner Mongolia Electric Power Research Institute, Hohhot 010020, China
    3 Hangzhou Power Supply Company, State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co., Ltd., Hangzhou 310001, China
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