Full
Outline
To address the issue of single-cell voltage inconsistency in energy storage battery packs caused by manufacturing processes and other factors, a balancing control scheme capable of interleaved operation in multiple working modes is proposed. This scheme consists of a T-type transformer-based active balancing topology and a corresponding multi-mode interleaved balancing control strategy. The balancing scheme uses the terminal voltage of the battery as the balancing variable and can operate in an interleaved manner under three working modes: partial cell-to-cell, cell-to-pack, and cell-to-cell. This improves the balancing speed. Simulation results from MATLAB/Simulink platform show that, under three operating conditions—idle, charging, and discharging—the balancing time is significantly reduced compared to traditional transformer-based balancing circuits. Specifically, compared to the partial cell-to-cell balancing circuit, the balancing time is reduced by 45.2%, 38.4% and 41.1% respectively. Compared to the transformer-based cell-to-pack balancing circuit, it is reduced by 37%, 30.7% and 36.1% respectively. Compared to the transformer-based cell-to-cell balancing circuit, it is reduced by 21.2%, 25.8% and 32.6% respectively.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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