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Effect of Thermal Runaway Propagation on Electrical Connections and Arrangement Shape of Cylindrical Lithium-ion Battery Modules
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Jie LI1, Le CHENG2, Hongxiang ZHAO2, Biao WANG1, Yanli REN3
Journal of Power Supply | 2026, 24(7) : 126 - 136
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Journal of Power Supply | 2026, 24(7): 126-136
• Renewable Energy Generation and Energy Storage •
Effect of Thermal Runaway Propagation on Electrical Connections and Arrangement Shape of Cylindrical Lithium-ion Battery Modules
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Jie LI1, Le CHENG2, Hongxiang ZHAO2, Biao WANG1, Yanli REN3
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710018, China
  • 2.School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710018, China
  • 3.China Railway Chang’an Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710032, China
Published: 2026-07-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.7.126
Outline
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Under abusive conditions, the battery cell will experience severe thermal runaway. The heat is then transmitted to the adjacent battery through thermal radiation and convection, which may cause a battery pack and entire electric vehicle to explode. Therefore, the effects of heat abuse of battery cells under various state of charge (SOC) and heating powers, as well as the effects of various electrical connection modes and battery pack arrangement shapes, are investigated on thermal runaway propagation based on an experimental platform that was created by the user. It is of great significance to the safety protection and early warning of electric vehicles. According to the findings, there are four stages of thermal abuse for single cells: heating, secondary heating, thermal runaway, cooling and extinguishing. The battery voltage drop time, exhaust time, and maximum temperature all exhibit a certain linear relationship as SOC increases. Voltage drop, exhaust, and maximum temperature will all advance as heating power increases. The propagation speed of thermal runaway in different electrical connection modes from fast to slow is parallel, series and non-electrical connection. When the shape factors are triangles and diamonds, the propagation speed is the fastest and close, followed by squares.

Lithium-ion battery  /  thermal runaway propagation  /  electrical connection modes  /  arrangement shape
李杰, 程乐, 赵鸿祥, 王飚, 任彦丽. 电气连接方式和排列形状对圆柱锂电池模组热失控传播的影响. 电源学报, 2026 , 24 (7) : 126 -136 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.7.126
Jie LI, Le CHENG, Hongxiang ZHAO, Biao WANG, Yanli REN. Effect of Thermal Runaway Propagation on Electrical Connections and Arrangement Shape of Cylindrical Lithium-ion Battery Modules[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2026 , 24 (7) : 126 -136 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.7.126
Funding
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  • Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2022GY-178)
  • Science and Technology Program Project of Chinese State Administration for Market Regulation(2021MK104)
Appendix
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Year 2026 volume 24 Issue 7
32
3
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Article Info
doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.7.126
  • Receive Date：2024-08-14
  • Online Date：2026-10-29
  • Published：2026-07-30
Article Data
Affiliations
History
  • Received：2024-08-14
  • Revised：2024-09-27
  • Accepted：2024-10-18
Funding
Key Research and Development Program of Shaanxi Province(2022GY-178)
Science and Technology Program Project of Chinese State Administration for Market Regulation(2021MK104)
Affiliations
    1.School of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710018, China
    2.School of Electronics and Control Engineering, Chang’an University, Xi’an 710018, China
    3.China Railway Chang’an Heavy Industry Co., Ltd., Xi’an 710032, China
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https://castjournals.cast.org.cn/joweb/dyxb/EN/10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2026.7.126
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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