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Inertia Evaluation and Frequency Modulation Control Parameter Setting for Photovoltaic Grid-connected System
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Chengwei YE1, Zhen HE1, Pingliang ZENG1, Lijun HANG  Senior Member, CPSS1, Yingming LIU2
Journal of Power Supply | 2025, 23(8) : 124 - 134
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Journal of Power Supply | 2025, 23(8): 124-134
• Renewable Energy System •
Inertia Evaluation and Frequency Modulation Control Parameter Setting for Photovoltaic Grid-connected System
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Chengwei YE1, Zhen HE1, Pingliang ZENG1, Lijun HANG  Senior Member, CPSS1, Yingming LIU2
Affiliations
  • 1.School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
  • 2.School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
Published: 2025-12-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.8.124
Outline
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As the proportion of photovoltaic installed capacity continues to increase and the low inertia problem inpower systems becomes increasingly prominent, how to evaluate the inertia supporting capacity of a photovoltaic grid-connected system and how to set the frequency modulation parameters of the system to meet the requirements of grid-connected guidelines are the key issues to be solved urgently. The equivalent inertia of a typical grid-connected photovoltaic system with additional frequency modulation control is quantitatively evaluated by analogizing the rotor motion equation of synchronous generators. Then, considering the physical constraints of photovoltaic equipment and the requirement of new energy grid-connected guidelines, the frequency modulation control parameter setting method for a centralized photovoltaic grid-connected system is put forward. Furthermore, based on the physical constraints and grid-connected guideline requirements, a target of minimum network line loss is introduced additionally, and the frequency modulation control parameter setting method for a distributed photovoltaic grid-connected system is formulated. Finally, the simulation results based on MATLAB/Simulink verify the correctness of frequency modulation control parameter setting.

Photovoltaic grid-connection  /  evaluation of equivalent inertia  /  primary frequency modulation  /  virtual inertia
叶诚炜, 何震, 曾平良, 杭丽君中国电源学会高级会员, 刘颖明. 光伏并网系统的等效惯量评估及调频控制参数整定. 电源学报, 2025 , 23 (8) : 124 -134 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.8.124
Chengwei YE, Zhen HE, Pingliang ZENG, Lijun HANG, Yingming LIU. Inertia Evaluation and Frequency Modulation Control Parameter Setting for Photovoltaic Grid-connected System[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2025 , 23 (8) : 124 -134 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.8.124
Funding
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  • Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ22E070002)
Appendix
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Year 2025 volume 23 Issue 8
57
5
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Article Info
doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.8.124
  • Receive Date：2023-10-17
  • Online Date：2026-10-26
  • Published：2025-12-30
Article Data
Affiliations
History
  • Received：2023-10-17
  • Revised：2023-12-20
  • Accepted：2024-01-12
Funding
Zhejiang Province Natural Science Foundation of China(LQ22E070002)
Affiliations
    1.School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, China
    2.School of Electrical Engineering, Shenyang University of Technology, Shenyang 110870, China
References
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
科
Family		 属数
Number of
genus		 种数
Number of
species		 占总种数比例
Percentage of
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Percentage of total
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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