Full
Outline
The access of high-penetration distributed generations (DGs) poses significant challenges to the operation of active distribution network (ADN). With the consideration of the flexible and efficient regulation capability of soft open point (SOP) in ADN, a three-layer coordinated planning model of DG and SOP was proposed, which was combined with system planning and operation optimization. The planning of DG was determined by maximizing the annual revenue of a DG operator in the upper layer, the planning of SOP was determined by minimizing the annual comprehensive cost of distribution companies in the middle layer, and the system operation condition was optimized by minimizing the loss of distribution network in the lower layer. The scenario analysis technology was utilized to deal with the randomness of DG output, and a hybrid algorithm based on improved grey wolf optimization algorithm and second-order cone programming was put forward to solve the model. Finally, an IEEE 33-node system was taken as an example to verify the feasibility of the planning model and the corresponding solving algorithm.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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