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Frequency Restoration Control Strategy for Islanded Microgrid with Inaccurate Feeder Impedance Based on Small-AC-signal Injection
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Xuekai HU  Member, CPSS1, Liang MENG1, Yilin YIN  Student Member, CPSS2, Lei LI  Student Member, CPSS2, Haixu WANG  Student Member, CPSS2, Wanjun LEI  Member, CPSS2
Journal of Power Supply | 2025, 23(3) : 56 - 66
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Journal of Power Supply | 2025, 23(3): 56-66
• Special Issue on Analysis and Control of Power Quality in New Power Systems •
Frequency Restoration Control Strategy for Islanded Microgrid with Inaccurate Feeder Impedance Based on Small-AC-signal Injection
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Xuekai HU  Member, CPSS1, Liang MENG1, Yilin YIN  Student Member, CPSS2, Lei LI  Student Member, CPSS2, Haixu WANG  Student Member, CPSS2, Wanjun LEI  Member, CPSS2
Affiliations
  • 1.Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050000, China
  • 2.School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
Published: 2025-05-30 doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.56
Outline
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With the "Dual-carbon" strategy proposed in China, the microgrid composed of distributed generations has become an effective way to solve the energy crisis and environmental pollution problems. To improve the power quality of a microgrid system, frequency restoration control is usually added to distributed generations to compensate for the frequency deviation caused by changes in load. It is necessary to obtain the information about accurate feeder impedance when calculating the load terminal frequency, so as to reduce the reliance of the system on high-speed communication. However, this is often difficult to be guaranteed in practical engineering, thus leading to the difference of power distribution among distributed generations and eventually deteriorating the frequency stability of the system. To solve these problems, the mechanism of an unstable system caused by the inaccurate feeder impedance is analyzed, and it is pointed out that the calculation error of load terminal frequency is the basic cause of power distribution difference among distributed generations. On this basis, a frequency restoration control strategy based on small-AC-signal injection is proposed. By adding an additional small-AC-signal to the output voltage from each distributed generation, a droop relationship between the injected small-AC-signal frequency and the calculated value of load terminal frequency is established, and the active power of the small signal is used to compensate for the calculated deviation of load terminal frequency caused by the inaccurate feeder impedance, so as to realize the compensation for frequency deviation while maintaining the power sharing of the system. To illustrate the application scope of this control strategy, the differential-mode small-signal model of a typical microgrid system is established, and the design method for related parameters is discussed. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by a hardware-in-the-loop experiment.

Islanded microgrid  /  frequency restoration  /  secondary control  /  power sharing  /  small-AC-signal injection
胡雪凯中国电源学会会员, 孟良, 殷一林中国电源学会学生会员, 李磊中国电源学会学生会员, 王海旭中国电源学会学生会员, 雷万钧中国电源学会会员. 基于交流小信号注入的不准确馈线阻抗孤岛微网频率恢复控制策略. 电源学报, 2025 , 23 (3) : 56 -66 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.56
Xuekai HU, Liang MENG, Yilin YIN, Lei LI, Haixu WANG, Wanjun LEI. Frequency Restoration Control Strategy for Islanded Microgrid with Inaccurate Feeder Impedance Based on Small-AC-signal Injection[J]. Journal of Power Supply, 2025 , 23 (3) : 56 -66 . DOI: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.56
  • State Grid Corporation of China(kj2023-017)
Year 2025 volume 23 Issue 3
53
9
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Article Info
doi: 10.13234/j.issn.2095-2805.2025.3.56
  • Receive Date:2024-11-21
  • Online Date:2026-10-26
  • Published:2025-05-30
Article Data
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History
  • Received:2024-11-21
  • Revised:2024-12-29
  • Accepted:2025-01-10
Funding
State Grid Corporation of China(kj2023-017)
Affiliations
    1.Electric Power Research Institute, State Grid Hebei Electric Power Co., Ltd., Shijiazhuang 050000, China
    2.School of Electrical Engineering, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710049, China
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表12种不同金属材料的力学参数
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鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae 2 11 5.26 鹅膏菌属 Amanita 10 4.78
小菇科 Mycenaceae 2 12 5.74 丝盖伞属 Inocybe 5 2.39
多孔菌科 Polyporaceae 8 14 6.70 蜡蘑属 Laccaria 5 2.39
红菇科 Russulaceae 3 23 11.00 小皮伞属 Marasmius 6 2.87
小菇属 Mycena 11 5.26
光柄菇属 Pluteus 5 2.39
红菇属 Russula 17 8.13
栓菌属 Trametes 5 2.39
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