Full
Outline
To alleviate platform congestion caused by a large number of passengers exiting metro stations near event venues before the start of large-scale events, this study proposes a method that staggers the arrival times of trains in both directions and incorporates a skip-stop strategy. A mathematical optimization model is developed to minimize the platform dwell time of outbound passengers, the risk of crowding on the platform, and the number of skip-stop operations. Furthermore, an iterated local search algorithm is designed, taking into account the characteristics of passenger flow and the metro timetable during large-scale events. The algorithm explores feasible neighboring solutions in two ways: by adjusting train running and stopping times, and by modifying stop plans. Using data from a major event in Nanchang as a case study, the effectiveness of the model and algorithm is validated. The results show that the proposed iterated local search algorithm can quickly obtain high-quality solutions. After optimization, the maximum number of passengers on the platform decreased from 2,951 to 1,006, the average platform exit time for passengers was reduced by 94.7 seconds, and the platform crowding risk was reduced by 94%. The strategies of staggering train arrivals and implementing skip-stops can effectively reduce passenger exit times and alleviate congestion at stations near event venues before large-scale events begin.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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