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Outline
To achieve accurate identification and intelligent monitoring of metro rail corrugation, this study proposes a novel method combining WPD and 1DCNN for rail corrugation identification. Based on the vertical axle-box acceleration signals collected from in-service metro trains, sixteen sub-band energy features were extracted through four-level WPD and normalized to construct energy vectors. A lightweight 1DCNN architecture was designed to perform multiscale feature learning using the energy vectors as input. Three corrugation types—no corrugation, long-wavelength corrugation, and short-wavelength corrugation—were selected as classification labels for model training and testing. Based on the differences in energy distribution among different corrugation types in low- and high-frequency sub-bands, the feature extraction results were analyzed. The results demonstrated that the proposed method achieved an average recognition accuracy of 97.60%, with a recall rate of 100% for long-wavelength corrugation. Compared with SVM, LSTM, and 2DCNN models, the 1DCNN model exhibited higher accuracy and stronger generalization capability. It enables intelligent rail corrugation identification under in-service operating conditions without reliance on specialized inspection systems. The consistency between the wavelength-domain evaluation framework of conventional rail corrugation testing and the identification results of this study was analyzed, and a complementary engineering application workflow integrating online identification with on-site precision measurement was proposed. This study verified the effectiveness of the WPD-1DCNN fusion method in metro rail corrugation recognition and provided a new approach for online monitoring and intelligent maintenance of track conditions.
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| 科 Family | 属数 Number of genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) | 属 Genus | 种数 Number of species | 占总种数比例 Percentage of total species (%) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 鹅膏菌科Amanitaceae | 2 | 11 | 5.26 | 鹅膏菌属 Amanita | 10 | 4.78 |
| 小菇科 Mycenaceae | 2 | 12 | 5.74 | 丝盖伞属 Inocybe | 5 | 2.39 |
| 多孔菌科 Polyporaceae | 8 | 14 | 6.70 | 蜡蘑属 Laccaria | 5 | 2.39 |
| 红菇科 Russulaceae | 3 | 23 | 11.00 | 小皮伞属 Marasmius | 6 | 2.87 |
| 小菇属 Mycena | 11 | 5.26 | ||||
| 光柄菇属 Pluteus | 5 | 2.39 | ||||
| 红菇属 Russula | 17 | 8.13 | ||||
| 栓菌属 Trametes | 5 | 2.39 |
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